Download Rocks Unit Test Study guide: Describe how sedimentary rock is

Rocks Unit Test Study guide:
1. Describe how sedimentary rock is formed.
Sedimentary rock is formed through the process of cementation.
2. Describe the three main categories of sedimentary rock.
They are Clastic, Chemical, and Organic.
Clastic: fragments of other rocks cemented together.
Chemical: solutions of dissolved minerals and water
Organic: remains of dead plants and animals, skeletons
3. What process in sedimentary rock involves wind, water, and ice?
Weathering or erosion.
a. The process in which water, wind and heat break
down rock is weathering
b. What process forms sediment - weathering.
4. What is stratification? And how are strata formed?
Stratification is the process in which sedimentary rocks
are arranged in layers.
Strata are the layers of sedimentary rock.
5. Describe the process that forms Clastic, Chemical, and Organic Sedimentary Rocks.
Chemical: made from solutions of dissolved
minerals.
Clastic: made from fragments of rocks squeezed
together.
Organic: made from fossils of plants or animals.
6.
What type of rocks are formed from magma-intrusive and/or lava -Extrusive Igneous rocks?
Rocks that cool below Earth’s surface are intrusive
igneous rocks. The most abundant intrusive rock is
Granite.
Extrusive igneous rocks are formed from lava that
cools on Earth’s surface: obsidian, pumice, basalt.
7. How are intrusive rocks formed? When magma cools below
Earth’s Surface intrusive rocks are formed.
8. How are extrusive igneous rocks formed? They are formed from lava
that erupts onto the Earth’s surface.
9. What is the difference between Coarse-grained and Fine-grained igneous rocks?
Coarse-grained: when the grains are large and
easy to see and cooled slowly beneath the
earth: granite.
Fine-grained: When igneous rock grains are small;
i.e. basalt is extrusive igneous rock.
10. Fast-cooling lava forms what type of grains in igneous rock?
Fast cooling lava forms fine-grained igneous rocks.
Pumice/extrusive
11. Slow-cooling magma forms what types of grains in igneous rock?
Slow-cooling magma forms coarse-grained igneous
rock. Diorite/intrusive
12. What is the difference between foliated and non-foliated metamorphic rocks?
Foliated metamorphic rocks: the mineral grains are
arranged in planes or bands. Gneiss, slate
Non-Foliated metamorphic rocks: the mineral
grains are not arranged in planes or bands. Marble,
quartzite
Vocabulary:
Deposition: sediments settle out of water.
Cementation: Minerals crystallize and glues particles.