Download Sedimentary Rock Notes

Sedimentary Rock Notes
Weathering
• Weathering is a process that
breaks down preexisting
rocks into sediment.
– Caused by
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Wind
Water
Ice
Sunlight
Gravity
Erosion
• Through the process
of erosion, sediment
is moved from one
place to another and
deposited in layers.
Sedimentary Rock Formation
• Sedimentary rock is formed when sediment is
compacted and cemented together.
Strata
• The most noticeable feature of sedimentary
rock is its strata (or layers).
Sedimentary Rock Classification
• Sedimentary rock
is classified by the
way it forms
– 3 main types:
• Clastic
• Chemical
• Organic
Clastic Sedimentary Rock
• Clastic
sedimentary rock
forms when rock
or mineral
fragments, called
clasts, stick
together.
Chemical Sedimentary Rock
• Chemical sedimentary
rock forms when
minerals crystallize out
of a solution, such as
sea water, to become
rock.
Organic Sedimentary Rock
• Organic sedimentary rock forms from the
remains of once-living plants and animals.
Sedimentary Rock Structures
Stratification: The
process in which
sedimentary rocks are
arranged in layers.
Mud cracks: Form when finegrained sediments at the
bottom of a shallow body of
water are exposed to the air
and dry out.
Indicate the location of an
ancient lake, stream, or
ocean shoreline
Ripple marks:
Marks in rock
made by water
and wind
Preexisting Rock
Weathering
Sediment
Erosion
Deposition
Compaction & Cementation
Sedimentary Rock