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Concurrency and Software
Transactional Memories
Satnam Singh, Microsoft
Faculty Summit 2005
Concurrency and Parallelism
Software
engineering.
Multi-core.
Future computing architectures.
Reconfigurable
computing.
Message passing multi-processor
systems.
Alternative computing devices.
Concurrent Programming
Threads: C++, Java, C#
Rendezvous: Ada.
Synchronous: Esterel, Lustre.
Join patterns: Jocaml, C-Omega.
Implicit parallelism: functional
languages.
Hardware: VHDL, Verilog.
Reconfigurable Systems
Code/Circuit Generation
VHDL, Verilog -> hardware implementation
Esterel design
void uart_device_driver ()
{
.....
}
uart.c
C -> software implementation
Hardware/Software
Fighting back
Formal analysis techniques:
contract checking
behavioral types
deadlock avoidance
Language level support for
concurreny.
Lock free programming:
Lock-free data structures
Software transactional memories
Transactional Memory
atomic
A.withdraw(3)
B.deposit(3)
end
IDEA
!
Herlihy/Moss ISCA 1993
Steal ideas from the database community.
atomic does what it says on the tin.
Directly supports what the programmer is
trying to do: an atomic transaction against
memory.
“Write the simple sequential code, and
wrap atomic around it”.
How does it work?
atomic
<body>
Optimistic
concurrency
Execute <body> without taking any locks.
Each read and write in <body> is logged
to a thread-local transaction log.
Writes go to the log only, not to memory.
At the end, the transaction tries to
commit to memory.
Commit may fail; then transaction is re-run
Transactional Memory
No races: no locks, so you can’t
forget to take one
No lock-induced deadlock,
because no locks
Error recovery trivial: an exception
inside atomic aborts the transaction
Simple code is scalable.
Implementation in Haskell:
orElse combinator
Summary
Question reliance on asynchronous
concurrent programming languages:
digital design
synchronous reactive systems
Prepare for alternative computing
architectures.
Formal analysis.
Software Transactional Memories.
