Download Chapter 10 Quiz Show

Chapter 10: The Endocrine System
Homeostasis/
Target
Organs
Pituitary and
Thyroid
Glands
Parathyroid
and Adrenal
Glands
Pineal Gland/
Pancreas
Organs with 2°
Functions/
Interactions/
Aging
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Prepared by Frank J. Torrano, American River College
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
FINAL ROUND
Homeostasis/Target Organs:
$100 Question
Which of the following regulates hormone
secretion at the highest level of endocrine
control?
a.
b.
c.
d.
anterior lobe of pituitary gland
posterior lobe of pituitary gland
adrenal medullae
hypothalamus
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Homeostasis/Target Organs:
$100 Answer
Which of the following regulates hormone
secretion at the highest level of endocrine
control?
a.
b.
c.
d.
anterior lobe of pituitary gland
posterior lobe of pituitary gland
adrenal medullae
hypothalamus
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BACK TO GAME
Homeostasis/Target Organs:
$200 Question
Oxytocin and prolactin are examples of which
hormone type?
a.
b.
c.
d.
amino acid derivatives
steroid hormones
eicosanoids
peptide hormones
ANSWER
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Homeostasis/Target Organs:
$200 Answer
Oxytocin and prolactin are examples of which
hormone type?
a.
b.
c.
d.
amino acid derivatives
steroid hormones
eicosanoids
peptide hormones
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Homeostasis/Target Organs:
$300 Question
All of the following bind to receptors on a target
cell's plasma membrane. Which have receptors
on the membrane's inner surface?
a.
b.
c.
d.
epinephrine
norepinephrine
eicosanoids
peptide hormones
ANSWER
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Homeostasis/Target Organs:
$300 Answer
All of the following bind to receptors on a target
cell's plasma membrane. Which have receptors
on the membrane's inner surface?
a.
b.
c.
d.
epinephrine
norepinephrine
eicosanoids
peptide hormones
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Homeostasis/Target Organs:
$400 Question
Which of the following hormones cross the cell
membrane before binding to intracellular
receptors in the cytoplasm, nucleus, or
mitochondria?
a.
b.
c.
d.
ADH and oxytocin
steroid and thyroid hormones
growth hormones and melatonin
epinephrine and norepinephrine
ANSWER
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Homeostasis/Target Organs:
$400 Answer
Which of the following hormones cross the cell
membrane before binding to intracellular
receptors in the cytoplasm, nucleus, or
mitochondria?
a.
b.
c.
d.
ADH and oxytocin
steroid and thyroid hormones
growth hormones and melatonin
epinephrine and norepinephrine
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Homeostasis/Target Organs:
$500 Question
Which of the following are examples of common
second messengers?
a.
b.
c.
d.
cAMP, cGMP, and calcium ions
magnesium ions and calcium ions
cAMP, chloride ions, and magnesium ions
cGMP, cAMP, and chloride ions
ANSWER
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Homeostasis/Target Organs:
$500 Answer
Which of the following are examples of common
second messengers?
a.
b.
c.
d.
cAMP, cGMP, and calcium ions
magnesium ions and calcium ions
cAMP, chloride ions, and magnesium ions
cGMP, cAMP, and chloride ions
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Pituitary and Thyroid Glands:
$100 Question
Which of the following hormones is released from
the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
a.
b.
c.
d.
follicle-stimulating hormone
luteinizing hormone
adrenocorticotropic hormone
antidiuretic hormone
ANSWER
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Pituitary and Thyroid Glands:
$100 Answer
Which of the following hormones is released from
the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
a.
b.
c.
d.
follicle-stimulating hormone
luteinizing hormone
adrenocorticotropic hormone
antidiuretic hormone
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Pituitary and Thyroid Glands:
$200 Question
What pituitary hormone targets the interstitial
cells of the testes, resulting in testosterone
secretion?
a.
b.
c.
d.
follicle-stimulating hormone
luteinizing hormone
oxytocin
growth hormone
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Pituitary and Thyroid Glands:
$200 Answer
What pituitary hormone targets the interstitial
cells of the testes, resulting in testosterone
secretion?
a.
b.
c.
d.
follicle-stimulating hormone
luteinizing hormone
oxytocin
growth hormone
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Pituitary and Thyroid Glands:
$300 Question
What thyroid hormone molecule, derived from the
amino acid tyrosine, has four atoms of iodine
attached?
a.
b.
c.
d.
triiodothyronine
calcitonin
thyroxine
PTH
ANSWER
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Pituitary and Thyroid Glands:
$300 Answer
What thyroid hormone molecule, derived from the
amino acid tyrosine, has four atoms of iodine
attached?
a.
b.
c.
d.
triiodothyronine
calcitonin
thyroxine
PTH
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Pituitary and Thyroid Glands:
$400 Question
Which of the following is true when the calcium
ion concentration of the blood rises above
normal?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Parafollicular cells release calcitonin.
Follicular epithelial cells release T3.
C cells release thyroxine.
Follicular epithelial cells release T4.
ANSWER
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Pituitary and Thyroid Glands:
$400 Answer
Which of the following is true when the calcium
ion concentration of the blood rises above
normal?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Parafollicular cells release calcitonin.
Follicular epithelial cells release T3.
C cells release thyroxine.
Follicular epithelial cells release T4.
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Pituitary and Thyroid Glands:
$500 Question
Why are almost all of the released thyroid hormones
unavailable?
a. They are quickly metabolized in the bloodstream.
b. The amino acid tyrosine is difficult to manufacture in
the body.
c. The cuboidal epithelia of the follicular cells are often
inactive.
d. They become attached to plasma proteins in the
bloodstream.
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Pituitary and Thyroid Glands:
$500 Answer
Why are almost all of the released thyroid hormones
unavailable?
a. They are quickly metabolized in the bloodstream.
b. The amino acid tyrosine is difficult to manufacture in
the body.
c. The cuboidal epithelia of the follicular cells are often
inactive.
d. They become attached to plasma proteins in the
bloodstream.
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BACK TO GAME
Parathyroid and Adrenal Glands:
$100 Question
Following epinephrine and norepinephrine
release, the metabolic changes peak how long
after adrenal stimulation?
a.
b.
c.
d.
1 minute
10 minutes
30 seconds
500 milliseconds
ANSWER
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Parathyroid and Adrenal Glands:
$100 Answer
Following epinephrine and norepinephrine
release, the metabolic changes peak how long
after adrenal stimulation?
a.
b.
c.
d.
1 minute
10 minutes
30 seconds
500 milliseconds
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Parathyroid and Adrenal Glands:
$200 Question
Which of the following is an effect of parathyroid
hormone?
a. decreased calcium concentration in body fluids
b. increased energy utilization, growth, and
development
c. increased calcium concentration in body fluids
d. release of amino acids from skeletal muscles and
lipids from adipose
ANSWER
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Parathyroid and Adrenal Glands:
$200 Answer
Which of the following is an effect of parathyroid
hormone?
a. decreased calcium concentration in body fluids
b. increased energy utilization, growth, and
development
c. increased calcium concentration in body fluids
d. release of amino acids from skeletal muscles and
lipids from adipose
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Parathyroid and Adrenal Glands:
$300 Question
Kidneys are the primary target for which of the
following hormones?
a.
b.
c.
d.
mineralocorticoids
androgens
epinephrine and norepinephrine
glucocorticoids
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Parathyroid and Adrenal Glands:
$300 Answer
Kidneys are the primary target for which of the
following hormones?
a.
b.
c.
d.
mineralocorticoids
androgens
epinephrine and norepinephrine
glucocorticoids
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Parathyroid and Adrenal Glands:
$400 Question
Which of the following hormones have antiinflammatory effects?
a.
b.
c.
d.
epinephrine and norepinephrine
glucocorticoids
androgens
mineralocorticoids
ANSWER
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Parathyroid and Adrenal Glands:
$400 Answer
Which of the following hormones have antiinflammatory effects?
a.
b.
c.
d.
epinephrine and norepinephrine
glucocorticoids
androgens
mineralocorticoids
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Parathyroid and Adrenal Glands:
$500 Question
Aldosterone secretion occurs in response to
which of the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
a rise in blood potassium levels
an increase in blood sodium content
an increase in blood pressure
a drop in blood potassium content
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Parathyroid and Adrenal Glands:
$500 Answer
Aldosterone secretion occurs in response to
which of the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.
a rise in blood potassium levels
an increase in blood sodium content
an increase in blood pressure
a drop in blood potassium content
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BACK TO GAME
Pineal Gland/Pancreas:
$100 Question
Soon after a meal, increasing blood glucose
levels result in secretion of ________ by
________ cells of the pancreas.
a.
b.
c.
d.
insulin; beta
glucagon; alpha
melatonin; beta
glucagon; beta
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Pineal Gland/Pancreas:
$100 Answer
Soon after a meal, increasing blood glucose
levels result in secretion of ________ by
________ cells of the pancreas.
a.
b.
c.
d.
insulin; beta
glucagon; alpha
melatonin; beta
glucagon; beta
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Pineal Gland/Pancreas:
$200 Question
Which of the following hormones may protect
CNS neurons from free radicals, such as nitric
oxide (NO) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
melatonin
insulin
melanin
glucagon
ANSWER
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Pineal Gland/Pancreas:
$200 Answer
Which of the following hormones may protect
CNS neurons from free radicals, such as nitric
oxide (NO) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
melatonin
insulin
melanin
glucagon
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Pineal Gland/Pancreas:
$300 Question
Which of the following groups of cells do not have insulin
receptors in their plasma membranes?
a. epithelial cells of intestine and smooth muscle cells
b. neurons and red blood cells
c. epithelial cells of kidney tubules and the stratum
spinosum of the epidermis
d. white blood cells and epithelial cells of the intestinal
lining
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Pineal Gland/Pancreas:
$300 Answer
Which of the following groups of cells do not have insulin
receptors in their plasma membranes?
a. epithelial cells of intestine and smooth muscle cells
b. neurons and red blood cells
c. epithelial cells of kidney tubules and the stratum
spinosum of the epidermis
d. white blood cells and epithelial cells of the intestinal
lining
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Pineal Gland/Pancreas:
$400 Question
Increased synthesis and release of glucose from
the liver are a result of the activation of which
cells/organs?
a.
b.
c.
d.
beta cells of the pancreas
pineal gland
alpha cells of the pancreas
C cells of the pancreas
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Pineal Gland/Pancreas:
$400 Answer
Increased synthesis and release of glucose from
the liver are a result of the activation of which
cells/organs?
a.
b.
c.
d.
beta cells of the pancreas
pineal gland
alpha cells of the pancreas
C cells of the pancreas
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Pineal Gland/Pancreas:
$500 Question
Which of the following is a result of pancreatic beta cell
activation?
a. increased breakdown of glycogen to glucose in liver
and skeletal muscle
b. increased amino acid absorption and protein
synthesis
c. increased breakdown of fats to fatty acids in adipose
tissue
d. decreased rate of glucose utilization and ATP
generation
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Pineal Gland/Pancreas:
$500 Answer
Which of the following is a result of pancreatic beta cell
activation?
a. increased breakdown of glycogen to glucose in liver
and skeletal muscle
b. increased amino acid absorption and protein
synthesis
c. increased breakdown of fats to fatty acids in adipose
tissue
d. decreased rate of glucose utilization and ATP
generation
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BACK TO GAME
Organs with 2° Functions/Interactions/Aging:
$100 Question
Hormones that produce different but
complementary results in a given tissue or organs
are said to have ________ effects.
a.
b.
c.
d.
permissive
synergistic
antagonistic
integrative
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Organs with 2° Functions/Interactions/Aging:
$100 Answer
Hormones that produce different but
complementary results in a given tissue or organs
are said to have ________ effects.
a.
b.
c.
d.
permissive
synergistic
antagonistic
integrative
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
BACK TO GAME
Organs with 2° Functions/Interactions/Aging:
$200 Question
Glucocorticoids are the dominant hormones of
which phase of the general adaptation syndrome
(GAS)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
exhaustion phase
stress phase
resistance phase
alarm phase
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Organs with 2° Functions/Interactions/Aging:
$200 Answer
Glucocorticoids are the dominant hormones of
which phase of the general adaptation syndrome
(GAS)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
exhaustion phase
stress phase
resistance phase
alarm phase
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BACK TO GAME
Organs with 2° Functions/Interactions/Aging:
$300 Question
In elderly individuals, which of the following
hormones are secreted in less quantity after a
carbohydrate-rich meal?
a.
b.
c.
d.
glucagon and growth hormone
growth hormone and insulin
glucagon and mineralocorticoids
prolactin and insulin
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Organs with 2° Functions/Interactions/Aging:
$300 Answer
In elderly individuals, which of the following
hormones are secreted in less quantity after a
carbohydrate-rich meal?
a.
b.
c.
d.
glucagon and growth hormone
growth hormone and insulin
glucagon and mineralocorticoids
prolactin and insulin
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
BACK TO GAME
Organs with 2° Functions/Interactions/Aging:
$400 Question
Which of the following hormones is not secreted
by the kidneys?
a.
b.
c.
d.
aldosterone
calcitriol
renin
erythropoietin
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Organs with 2° Functions/Interactions/Aging:
$400 Answer
Which of the following hormones is not secreted
by the kidneys?
a.
b.
c.
d.
aldosterone
calcitriol
renin
erythropoietin
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
BACK TO GAME
Organs with 2° Functions/Interactions/Aging:
$500 Question
A 47-year-old patient develops a tumor of the
anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, causing
hypersecretion of ACTH. If not treated, what
disorder is most likely to result?
a.
b.
c.
d.
acromegaly
cretinism
Cushing's disease
gigantism
ANSWER
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
BACK TO GAME
Organs with 2° Functions/Interactions/Aging:
$500 Answer
A 47-year-old patient develops a tumor of the
anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, causing
hypersecretion of ACTH. If not treated, what
disorder is most likely to result?
a.
b.
c.
d.
acromegaly
cretinism
Cushing's disease
gigantism
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Question
The blood of a person who has not eaten for 12 hours
will likely contain
a. relatively high levels of both insulin and glucagon.
b. relatively low levels of both insulin and glucagon.
c. a relatively low level of insulin but a relatively high
level of glucagon.
d. a relatively high level of insulin but a relatively low
level of glucagon.
ANSWER
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Answer
The blood of a person who has not eaten for 12 hours
will likely contain
a. relatively high levels of both insulin and glucagon.
b. relatively low levels of both insulin and glucagon.
c. a relatively low level of insulin but a relatively
high level of glucagon.
d. a relatively high level of insulin but a relatively low
level of glucagon.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
BACK TO GAME