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Our Rockin’ World
By:
Jeri Gannon-Jacobsen
Types of Rocks
Name
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Example
Igneous
 This kind of rock is
made from molten
(liquid) rock which
hardens. The rate
(speed) at which it cools
and hardens as well as
the minerals that make
it up affect its
appearance.
 That must have been
some volcano that
created those
mountains!
Sedimentary
 This type of rock is
formed from small
fragments (pieces) of
pre-existing rocks
and/or organic
materials which settle
together in layers.
These layers harden to
form new rock.
 Can you see those
layers?
Metamorphic
 This type of rock is
made from other types
of rock which are
changed by heat and
pressure to form a
whole new rock.
 See how the rock is all
bent and twisted from
the heat and pressure-cool, huh?
The Rock Cycle

Everyday, little pieces of the
mountain rock are worn away
by erosion (water and wind are
just some examples). Those
pieces collect and are made
into new rocks called
sedimentary rocks. They will
then continue to change and
become different rocks called
metamorphic rocks. They
could also change by becoming
melted material that can form
new igneous rock. Then the
process will begin all over
again. The rock cycle
continues today.
Our Changing Earth: Volcanoes
 Volcanoes are usually
cone-shaped mountains
or hills--produced by
lava and other things,
such as ash, rising to the
surface of the Earth and
accumulating near a vent.
Lava is molten material
that has erupted onto
the surface. Magma is
molten material within
the Earth.
Review Questions
 What type of rock is created from
melted rock that cools and hardens?
 What is melted rock called that does
not reach the surface?
 What type of rock is conglomerate?
(Hint: It looks like a bunch of other
rocks and stuff stuck together.)
References
Rocks and Minerals Slide Show
http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/vwlessons/lessons/Slideshow/Slideindex.html
Great Pictures!
Introduction to Geology
http://www.ship.edu/~cjwolt/geology/index.html
Everything you ever wanted to know and more
Rocks and Minerals
http://www.peel.edu.on.ca/~havenwd/rocks.htm#Types%20of%20Rock
Site with student friendly info
Volcano National Park
http://hawaiibeach.com/v.html
Volcano pictures