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Chapter 6 Test Review
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The cooling and hardening of magma deep
underground results in a pluton. Plutons are
intrusive.
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Marble
Geode
Shale
Sedimentary
Gabbro
Igneous
An example of igneous rock is Gabbro.
Silty shale is most likely to form farthest
from a shoreline.
Orthoclase feldspar and quartz is most
likely to be found in felsic rock.
All intrusive igneous rocks contain
minerals.
Porphyritic texture is not a feature of
sedimentary rocks.
Mafic rocks are described by low silica
content, being thin and fluid, and
forming dark-colored rock.
Granite and Obsidian are similar in composition
only. They do not share the same color,
texture or fracture.
An igneous rock characterized by two distinctly
different textures is known as porphyry.
Fossils are most likely to be found in sedimentary
rock.
Small crystal-lined spheres of silica rock that
sometimes occur in limestone are called
geodes.
Rhyolite, obsidian, and pumice are all members of
the granite family.
Scoria is a mafic rock that is full of holes and made
of dense minerals.
Ripple marks are likely to be
observed on sandstone rocks.
Rocks are classified by their origin in the rock
cycle.
When shale undergoes contact metamorphism
it may become hornfels, a dense, hard, finegrained rock.
Marble is a metamorphic rock that is formed
from its parent rock; limestone.
A batholith is a type of pluton.
The formation of clastic rock begins when
water moves and relocates rock fragments.
Rocks may form chemically when minerals fall
out of solution.
Mafic-Type of magma rich in iron and
magnesium and low in silica; forms darkcolored igneous rock containing minerals
such as hornblende, augite, and biotite.
Felsic-A type of magma rich in silica that forms
light-colored igneous rock containing minerals
such as quartz and feldspars.
Essay:
Use the terms volcanic, plutonic, coarsegrained, fine-grained, felsic, and mafic
to describe the way in which a granite
found in the Adirondack Mountains of
New York state is likely to be different
from basalt found on the Hawaiian
Islands.
The granite in the Adirondack Mountains
is a plutonic, felsic, coarse-grained rock.
This rock forms the basis of most
mountain systems and is lighter in color
and less dense than basalt. Basalt
found on the Hawaiian Islands is of
volcanic origin. This mafic rock is finegrained, and is darker and more dense
than granite.
Use the terms fluids and gases, parent
rock, pressure, foliation, and heat to
describe the process of regional
metamorphism.
During regional metamorphism, rocks are
formed when heat and pressure change
igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic
parent rock into a new type of rock. The
degree of metamorphism is influenced
by the amount of heat and pressure the
rocks are exposed. The presence of
fluids or gases can speed up
metamorphic changes. Foliation may
occur during regional metamorphism,
causing the formation of bands of
minerals or parallel layers in the new
rock.