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- Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata
- Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back
- Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis)
- Orthopteroida (mandibulate mouthparts, large anal lobe in the hind wing)
- Hemipteroida (sucking mouthparts, typically)
Phthiraptera
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, hoppers, aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or
blood, or to stab prey
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or
blood, or to stab prey
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or
blood, or to stab prey
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to
stab prey
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant juices or blood, or to
stab prey
“moss bugs” – 1 family (Peloridiidae) – southern
hemisphere – beak at front but hard part of forewing
reduced
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
14. Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers
- flattened spur at apex of hind tibia
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
14. Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers
15. Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!)
- head extended into a
Snout-like structure
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
14. Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers
15. Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!)
16. Cicadidae – Cicadas (157)
- 3 ocelli
- often large, but can be smaller, too
song
Periodic cicada (Magicicada)
‘dog day’ cicada
song
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
14. Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers
15. Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!)
16. Cicadidae – Cicadas
17. Membracidae – Treehoppers
- large pronotum that covers the thorax and abdomen
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
14. Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers
15. Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!)
- antennae in front of head between eyes
16. Cicadidae – Cicadas
17. Membracidae – Treehoppers
18. Cicadellidae – Leafhoppers (2500)
- two rows of spines on hind tibia
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes
- scale over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
14. Delphacidae – Plant Hoppers
15. Dictyopharidae – Plant Hoppers (!)
- antennae in front of head between eyes
16. Cicadidae – Cicadas
17. Membracidae – Treehoppers
18. Cicadellidae – Leafhoppers
19. Cercopidae – Froghoppers / Spittlebugs
- hind tibia with a couple spines laterally and short spines at tip
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae
- tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
19. Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice
- small 2-5mm, look like tiny cicadas with jumping legs
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae
- tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
19. Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice
20. Aleyrodidae – Whiteflies
- antennae with 3-7 segements, whitish wings, no jumping legs
Unusual for hemiptera … quiescent stage
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae
- tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
19. Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice
20. Aleyrodidae – Whiteflies
21. Aphididae – Aphids
- wings with 4-6 veins behind stigma extending to wing margin
- cornicles
- sexual and partheogenetic generations
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae
- tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
19. Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice
20. Aleyrodidae – Whiteflies
21. Aphididae – Aphids
22. Adelgidae – Pine and Spruce Aphids
- wings with 3 veins behind stigma extending to wing margin
- no cornicles
- wings held roof-like
ORDER: Hemiptera – True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
- Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
- antennae long and filiform; beak emerging between front coxae
- tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
19.
20.
21.
22.
Psyllidae – Jumping Plant Lice
Aleyrodidae – Whiteflies
Aphididae – Aphids
Adelgidae – Pine and Spruce Aphids
- tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
23.
Coccidae – Scales
While female scales remain immotile for the
rest of their lives once they have found a host,
males regrow their legs and usually develop
wings at maturity to find females. This is the
Kuno scale Eulecanium kunoense. Photo by
Joyce Gross (and very impressive it is too photographing something as minute as a male
scale would not be an easy call.
From: http://coo.fieldofscience.com/2009/12/softyet-scaly-taxon-of-week-coccidae.html
- Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata
- Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back
- Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis)
- Endopterygota (complete metamorphosis)
Phthiraptera
- Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata
- Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back
- Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis)
- Endopterygota (complete metamorphosis)
Neuropteroida – retain biting mouthparts (as do hymenoptera)
ORDER: Neuroptera
ORDER: Coleoptera
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
- four membranous wings with many crossveins, make the wings very ‘netted’
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
- four membranous wings with many crossveins, make the wings very ‘netted’
- soft bodies, mandibulate, tarsi 5 segmented; no cerci, wing held rooflike over body
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
- four membranous wings with many crossveins, make the wings very ‘netted’
- soft bodies, mandibulate, tarsi 5 segmented; no cerci, wing held rooflike over body
- campodeiform larvae (with legs and very active)
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
- four membranous wings with many crossveins, make the wings very ‘netted’
- soft bodies, mandibulate, tarsi 5 segmented; no cerci, wing held rooflike over body
- campodeiform larvae (with legs and very active)
- pupae naked or in a coccoon
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
- Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing
margin
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
-Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing
margin
1. Corydalidae – Dobsonflies: ocelli present. Large
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
-Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing
margin
1. Corydalidae – Dobsonflies: ocelli present. Large. Males may have long tusk used
for male-male competition for mates
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
-Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing
margin
1. Corydalidae – Dobsonflies: ocelli present. Large. Males may have long tusk used
for male-male competition for mates. Larvae (hellgrammites) have 8 lateral
abdominal appendages, anal prolegs, and no caudal filament
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
-Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing
margin
1. Corydalidae – Dobsonflies
2. Sialidae – Alderflies: no ocelli; less than 25mm, wings smoky all over
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
-Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing
margin
1. Corydalidae – Dobsonflies
2. Sialidae – Alderflies: no ocelli; less than 25mm, wings smoky all over
Larvae aquatic and predaceous, with a terminal filament and no anal prolegs
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
-Hind wings broader at base the front wings, without forked major veins near wing
margin
1. Corydalidae – Dobsonflies
2. Sialidae – Alderflies: no ocelli; less than 25mm, wings smoky all over
Larvae aquatic and predaceous, with a terminal filament and no anal prolegs
Hind wings equal at base to front wings, with forked veins at margin
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
Hind wings equal at base to front wings, with forked veins at margin
- Prothorax elongate
3. Mantispidae – Mantisflies (14)
- wingspan about 25mm; raptorial forelegs. Larvae are predators of wasp, bee,
and spider eggs. Not a big group, but unambiguous and pretty neat-o.
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
Hind wings equal at base to front wings, with forked veins at margin
- Prothorax elongate
- Prothorax not elongate
- antennae clubbed/knobbed
4. Myrmeleontidae – Antlions (92)
- antennae shorter than body, about as long as head and thorax. Resemble
damselflies or dragonflies, but with clubbed antennae and softer body.
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
Hind wings equal at base to front wings, with forked veins at margin
- Prothorax elongate
- Prothorax not elongate
video
- antennae clubbed/knobbed
4. Myrmeleontidae – Antlions (92)
- antennae shorter than body, about as long as head and thorax. Resemble
damselflies or dragonflies, but with clubbed antennae and softer body.
- larvae are ‘doodlebugs’ – prey on ants at bottom of a cone-shaped burrow
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
- Prothorax not elongate
- antennae clubbed/knobbed
4. Myrmeleontidae – Antlions (92)
5. Ascalaphidae – Owlflies (6)
- antennae nearly as long as the entire body; stronger fliers
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
- Prothorax not elongate
- antennae clubbed/knobbed
4. Myrmeleontidae – Antlions (92)
5. Ascalaphidae – Owlflies (6)
- antennae nearly as long as the entire body; stronger fliers.
- larvae sit and wait predators, sometimes covering themselves with debris
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
- Prothorax not elongate
- antennae clubbed/knobbed
- antennae varied, but not clubbed/knobbed
6. Hemerobiidae – Brown Lacewings (61)
- brown, with forked costal crossveins giving wing a fringed appearance
ORDER: Neuroptera – Lacewings, Dobsonflies
- Prothorax not elongate
- antennae clubbed/knobbed
- antennae varied, but not clubbed/knobbed
6. Hemerobiidae – Brown Lacewings (61)
7. Chrysopidae – Green/Common Lacewings (84)
- green or yellow color, coastal crossveins not forked around wing.
- Pterygota: Winged True Insects
- Paleoptera: Ephemeroptera and Odonata
- Neoptera: wings fold flat onto back
- Exopterygota (simple metamorphosis)
- Endopterygota (complete metamorphosis)
Ready?
Phthiraptera
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- hind wings, are membranous and folded beneath forewings
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- hind wings, are membranous and folded beneath forewings
- mouthparts chewing, mandibulate type
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- hind wings, are membranous and folded beneath forewings
- mouthparts chewing, mandibulate type
- larvae variable: vermiform, campodeiform, scarabaeiform, platyform (not shown)
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- very adaptable
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- very adaptable
- diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- very adaptable
- diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species
- eat everything
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- very adaptable
- diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species
- eat everything
Flower-eating beetle
Bean weevils emerging from seeds
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- very adaptable
- diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species
- eat everything
Fungus beetles
Carrion beetle
Dung beetle
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- four wings on most; front pair are hard, leathery elytra
- very adaptable
- diverse…. 40% of all insect species, nearly 30% of all animals, 20% of all species
- eat everything
tiger beetle
Predaceous diving beetle
Telephone pole beetles
Water scavenger beetles
Minute moss beetles
Mammal-nest beetles
Hide beetles
Cicada parasite beetles
Wood-boring beetles
Cedar beetles
Fungus beetles
Tooth-necked fungus beetles
Pleasing fungus beetles
Dry-fungus beetles
Wounded tree beetles
Skin beetles
Branch and twing borer beetles
Ship timber beetles
Pg. 368!
etcetera….
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
1.
Dytiscidae – Predaceous Diving Beetles (500)
video
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
1. Dytiscidae – Predaceous Diving Beetles (500)
2. Gyrinidae – Whirligig Beetles (56)
- appear to have two sets of eyes – above and below the water line.
- spin around on surface, preying on insects falling on surface
video
Lateral gills on seg’s 1-9
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
1. Dytiscidae – Predaceous Diving Beetles (500)
2. Gyrinidae – Whirligig Beetles (56)
- terrestrial; metasternum with transverse suture
3. Carabidae – Ground Beetles (2600) – includes Cicindelinae – Tiger Beetles
Calosoma spp.
Scaphinotus spp.
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
- Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent
- Superfamily Scaraboidea:
antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments
fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum
fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
- Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent
- Superfamily Scaraboidea:
antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments
fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum
fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
- Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent
- Superfamily Scaraboidea:
antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments
fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum
fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge
- antennal segments of club can’t close
4. Passalidae – Bessbugs (4):
- body flattened dorsally
- mentum emarginate
mentum emarginate
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Adephaga: notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
- aquatic; hind legs fringed with hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae
- Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent
- Superfamily Scaraboidea:
antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments
fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum
fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge
- antennal segments of club can’t close
4. Passalidae – Bessbugs
5. Lucanidae – Stag Beetles (24)
- dorsal surface evenly rounded
- mentum simple
Feed on fluids of decaying wood;
Male mandibles for combat
ORDER: Coleoptera – Beetles
- Suborder Polyphaga: notopleural sutures absent
- Superfamily Scaraboidea:
- antennal segments of club can’t close
4. Passalidae – Bessbugs
5. Lucanidae – Stag Beetles
- antennal segments of club can close
6. Scarabaeidae – Scarab Beetles (1400)
Hercules Beetle
June ‘bugs’
Japanese beetle