Download Earth`s Interior

Earth’s Interior
Chapter 5 Section 1
Earth’s Interior
Geologists learned about Earth’s interior:
• Directly from rock samples
– Info from rocks that come to the surface
Drilling
Natural
Forces
Earth’s Interior
• Indirectly from seismic waves (earthquakes)
– Waves from earthquakes will change speed and
direction when traveling through different densities
Temperature
• Top 20m are cool
• Temperature
raises as you go
deeper
• Heat is left over
from formation of
Earth and
radioactive
substances
Pressure increases as you go deeper
Earth’s Structure
• Crust – outermost layer
– Solid rock that includes dry land and ocean
floor
– Between 5 and 40 km thick (mountains 70km)
– Oceanic crust is mostly rocks like basalt (dark,
fine texture)
– Continental crust is mostly
rocks like granite
(light, coarse texture)
Earth’s Structure
• Mantle – thickest layer
– 3000km thick
– Very hot solid rock
– Divided up by physical characteristics
• Lithosphere – upper part of mantle (1000km)
• Asthenosphere – less rigid (plastic like)
• Lower mantle – solid material that extends to core
Earth’s Structure
• Core – Earth’s center
– Made mostly of Fe and Ni
– Liquid outer core and solid inner core
– Scientists think that movement of the liquid
core creates a
magnetic field
Brain pop