Download CANCER: A GLOBAL CONCERN

HOW TO CONTROL
CANCER
Putting Science into
Practice
Dr. L. Martin Jerry MD PhD
Director
W.H.O. Collaborating Centre for
Cancer Control
Tom Baker Cancer Centre
Calgary, Canada
THE AIM OF CANCER CONTROL
Reduction of Cancer Incidence,
Morbidity & Mortality by:
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Prevention
Early Diagnosis
Treatment
Palliative Care
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THE W.H.O. PUBLIC HEALTH
MODEL FOR CANCER CONTROL
• Assess the magnitude of the cancer problem
• Evaluate possible strategies for cancer
control
• Choose priorities for initial cancer control
activities of prevention, screening, therapy
and palliative care
• Set measurable cancer control objectives
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PRIMARY PREVENTION OF
CANCER
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Tobacco Control
Diet
Control of Alcohol Consumption
Occupation and Environment
Infections (viruses and parasites)
Reducing Sunlight Exposure
Sexual and Reproductive Factors
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PRIMARY PREVENTION
Tobacco Control
• Education
• Legislation
• National Leadership
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PRIMARY PREVENTION
DIET
• Education
• Legislation
• National Leadership
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PRIMARY PREVENTION
Alcohol
• Education
• Legislation
• National Leadership
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PRIMARY PREVENTION
Occupational Hazards
• Education
• Legislation
• National Leadership
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PRIMARY PREVENTION
Viral Hepatitis B
• Education
• Legislation
• National Leadership
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PRIMARY PREVENTION
Overexposure to Sunlight
• Education
• Legislation
• National Leadership
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Primary Prevention
Sexual and Reproductive Factors
• Hormonal influences
• Sexually transmitted diseases
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EARLY DETECTION
Education
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EARLY DETECTION
Downstaging
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EARLY DETECTION
Downstaging for
Cervical Cancer
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EARLY DETECTION
Downstaging for
Oral Cancer
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EARLY DETECTION
Screening
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EARLY DETECTION
Screening for
Cervical Cancer
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EARLY DETECTION
Screening for
Breast Cancer
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EARLY DETECTION
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Esophagus
Stomach
Colon and rectum
Liver
Lung
Ovary
Bladder
Prostate
TREATMENT
• Surgery
• Radiotherapy
• Chemotherapy
General principles
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TREATMENT
The Role of Surgery
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TREATMENT
The Role of
Radiation Therapy
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TREATMENT
The Role of
Chemotherapy
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TREATMENT
The Role of
Hormonal Therapy
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TREATMENT
The Role of
Biological Therapy
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TREATMENT
How Effective is
Cancer Treatment ?
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TREATMENT
• Policies
–Treatment Policies
–Referral Policies
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PALLIATIVE CARE
• Palliative Medicine is the study and
management of patients with active,
progressive, far-advanced disease for whom
the prognosis is limited and the focus of
care is the quality of life.”
Doyle et al (Eds). Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine. P3. Oxford
University Press, Oxford, 1996.
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SUMMARY
• Cancer is a Disease of Lifestyle With Both Host
Resistance and Genetic Components
• 60-80% of the Risk factors for Cancer are
Avoidable
• Putting Science Into Practice Leads to a Public
Health Approach for Cancer Control Which
Integrates Prevention, Screening, Treatment and
Palliation at the National Level
CANCER LECTURE 2
• REFERENCES
• INTERNET RESOURCES FOR CANCER
• REVIEW QUESTIONS
• LAST SLIDE