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ACUTE EFFECTS OF INSULIN DEFICIENCY IN DIABETES MELLITUS D. C. MIKULECKY Dept. Physiology EFFECTS OF INSULIN DEFICIENCY INCREASED HEPATIC GLUCOSE OUTPUT FROM GLYCOGEN STORES FAT AND MUSCLE CELLS UNABLE TO TAKE UP GLUCOSE FALL IN TRIGLYCERIDE SYNTHESIS IN ADIPOCYTES INCREASED LYPOLYSIS FALL IN AMINO ACID UPTAKE BY CELLS INCREASED PROTEIN DEGRADATION EFFECTS OF INSULIN DEFICIENCY: HYPERGLYCEMIA INCREASED HEPATIC GLUCOSE OUTPUT FROM GLYCOGEN STORES FAT AND MUSCLE CELLS UNABLE TO TAKE UP GLUCOSE EFFECT OF HYPERGLYCEMIA GLUCOSURIA OSMOTIC DIURESIS POLYURIA DEHYDRATION EFFECTS OF DEHYDRATION POLYDIPSIA CELLULAR SHRINKING BRAIN CELLS ARE DYSFUNCTIONAL AS A RESULT NERVOUS SYSTEM MALFUNCTION DEATH FALL IN BLOOD VOLUME PERIPHERAL CIRULATORY FAILURE RENAL FAILURE DEATH EFFECTS OF INSULIN DEFICIENCY: INCREASED BLOOD FATTY ACIDS FALL IN TRIGLYCERIDE SYNTHESIS IN ADIPOCYTES INCREASED LYPOLYSIS EFFECT OF INCREASED BLOOD FATTY ACIDS AND FAILURE OF GLUCOSE TO ENTER CELLS UTILIZATION OF FAT AS PRIMARY ENERGY SOURCE KETOSIS METABOLIC ACIDOSIS AND INCREASED VENTILATION AS A RESULT DEPRESSIVE EFFECT ON BRAIN FROM ACIDOSIS DIABETIC COMA DEATH EFFECTS OF INSULIN DEFICIENCY: PROTEIN FALL IN AMINO ACID UPTAKE BY CELLS INCREASED PROTEIN DEGRADATION LOSS OF MUSCLE MASS WEIGHT LOSS AGGRIVATION OF HYPERGLYCEMIA DUE TO GLUCONEOGENESIS
