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World AIDS Day
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Learning objectives
What is HIV?
What is AIDS?
How is HIV spread?
What is World AIDS day?
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HIV – what is it exactly?
HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
HIV is a virus that attacks
and weakens the body’s
immune system.
The immune system is a
group of cells and organs
that protect the body by
fighting off illness
and infection.
A person who has been tested and found to have HIV is
called HIV+ or HIV positive.
HIV eventually, inevitably, leads to AIDS.
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AIDS – what is it exactly?
Do you know what ‘AIDS’ stands for?
‘AIDS’ stands for Acquired
Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
AIDS occurs when HIV has severely
damaged the immune system.
When AIDS sets in, the body stops
being able to fight off illnesses.
People with AIDS become very thin as they lose their
appetites and their bodies have trouble processing food.
They are prone to catching many minor and major illnesses,
such as colds, flu, pneumonia and cancer.
At this stage a person’s life expectancy is short.
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How is HIV spread?
The HIV virus is present in:
blood
sexual fluids like semen
breast milk
HIV can be spread from one person to another through:
unprotected sexual or anal intercourse
unprotected oral sex
contact with blood, e.g. when sharing needles
in drug use
breastfeeding.
If sexual activity is ‘unprotected’, it means that no
condom or any other barrier protection is used.
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How is HIV spread?
HIV/AIDS CANNOT be spread by:
kissing
sharing food or drinks
sharing a toothbrush
hugging
sharing crockery
sitting on a toilet seat that has been sat
on by someone infected with the virus
donating blood
insect bites.
The virus is also unable to pass
through the latex or polypropylene
material of a condom.
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How is HIV spread?
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World AIDS Day
The red ribbon is worn as a sign of support
for people living with HIV and is designed to
raise awareness of the problem.
Although it was originally designed in
1991 in New York to show support for
people living with HIV/AIDS in the USA, it
has become an international symbol of
AIDS awareness since then.
The artists who designed the symbol
knew that it was important to have a
simple, distinctive and non-copyrighted
image so that it would be as effective
and easily recognizable as possible.
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