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Precipitation, evaporation, and
transpiration are all part of the
water cycle.
A complex process that not only
gives us water to drink, fish to eat,
but also weather patterns that
help grow our crops.
The Life Cycle of Water
More technically called the hydrologic cycle, it is
the never-ending, worldwide process of water
circulation from clouds to land, to the ocean,
and back to the clouds.
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Water=Life!
Water is an integral part of life on this planet. It
is an odorless, tasteless, substance that
covers more than three-fourths of the
Earth's surface.
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Scientific Concepts
There are six important processes that make
up the water cycle – Lets begin with Evaporation!
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Water Cycle - Evaporation
Evaporation is the process where a liquid, in
this case water, changes from its liquid state
to a gaseous state. Liquid water becomes
water vapor.
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Water Vapor in the Atmosphere
During the water cycle some of the water in
the oceans and freshwater bodies, such as
lakes and rivers, is warmed by the sun and
evaporates.
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Which letter refers to
Evaporation?
D
C
E
B
F
A
G
H
Correct!
You are soaring in the clouds!!
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Lets review and try again 
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Scientific Concepts
Now we will consider Condensation!
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Water Cycle - Condensation
Condensation is the opposite of evaporation.
Condensation occurs when a gas is
changed into a liquid. When the water
droplets formed from condensation are very
small, they remain suspended in the
atmosphere. These droplets form clouds in
the sky!
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Which letter refers to
Condensation?
D
C
E
B
F
A
G
H
Correct!
You are soaring in the clouds!!
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ALMOST – BUT HANG IN THERE!
Lets review and try again 
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Scientific Concepts
Now we will consider Precipitation!
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Water Cycle - Precipitation
When the small droplets of water in clouds
form larger droplets, precipitation occurs.
Then raindrops fall to Earth. As a result of
evaporation, condensation and precipitation,
water travels from the surface of the Earth
goes into the atmosphere, and returns to
Earth again.
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Which letter refers to
Precipitation?
D
C
E
B
F
A
G
H
Correct!
You are soaring in the clouds!!
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ALMOST – BUT HANG IN THERE!
Lets review and try again 
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Scientific Concepts
Now we will consider Surface Runoff!
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Water Cycle – Surface Runoff
Much of the water that returns to Earth as
precipitation runs off the surface of the land
and flows into rivers, and lakes.
Eventually the water flows into the ocean.
Surface runoff is an important part of the water
cycle because much of the water returns to
the oceans, where evaporation occurs.
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Which letter refers to
Surface Runoff?
D
C
E
B
F
A
G
H
Correct!
You are soaring in the clouds!!
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ALMOST – BUT HANG IN THERE!
Lets review and try again 
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Scientific Concepts
Now we will consider
Subsurface Runoff or Infiltration!
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Water Cycle - Infiltration
Infiltration is when rain water
soaks into the ground. Some water
returns to the surface at springs or
in low spot. However, some of the
water remains underground and is
called groundwater.
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Which letter refers to
Infiltration?
D
C
E
B
F
A
G
H
Correct!
You are soaring in the clouds!!
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ALMOST – BUT HANG IN THERE!
Lets review and try again 
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Scientific Concepts
Lastly we will consider
Transpiration!
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Water Cycle – Transpiration
This final process is important in the water
cycle. As plants absorb water from the soil,
the water moves from the roots through the
stems to the leaves. Once the water
reaches the leaves, some of it evaporates,
adding to the amount of water vapor in the
air. This process of evaporation through
plant leaves is called transpiration.
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Which letter refers to
Transpiration?
D
C
E
B
F
A
G
H
Correct!
You are soaring in the clouds!!
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Me
ALMOST – BUT HANG IN THERE!
Lets review and try again 
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GREAT JOB!
YOU ARE ON FIRE!
Here is a tough one! Do you remember the only
other concept that we have not covered?
Hint: It’s actually NOT a process but a “stop” for
water in the cycle where it collects… is it:
A) Evaporation
B) Condensation
C) Accumulation
D)Transpiration
Correct!
You are soaring in the clouds!!
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ALMOST – BUT HANG IN THERE!
Lets review and try again 
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Scientific Concepts
There are six important processes that make
up the water cycle
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CLOUD FORMATION:
You are about to learn more
about how clouds form
and produce rain!!
Are you a bit cloudy on this topic?
Then go here…
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Let’s review the
Water Cycle!
Water is constantly being cycled between the atmosphere,
the ocean and land. This cycling is a very important
process that helps sustain life on Earth.
As the water evaporates, vapors rise and condense into
clouds. The clouds move over the land, and precipitation
falls in the form of rain, ice or snow. The water fills streams
and rivers, and eventually flows back into the oceans
where evaporation starts the process anew.
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The Water Cycle!
Water's state (solid, liquid or gas) is determined mostly
by temperature. Although water continuously changes
states from solid to liquid to gas, the amount of water
on Earth remains constant. There is as much water
now as there was hundreds of millions of years ago.
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Cloud Formation
Precipitation is one key to the water cycle.
Rain comes from clouds, but where do
clouds come from?
Through the process of evaporation and
transpiration, water moves into the
atmosphere. Eventually, water returns to
Earth as precipitation.
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Where are Clouds Found?
All clouds contain water vapors. You rarely
ever see clouds in the desert because there
is very little water to evaporate and form
clouds. Coastal regions can receive a lot of
rain because they pull up moisture from
surrounding waters.
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Why do Clouds Form?
Cloud size are influenced by many complex
factors. These include: heat, seasons,
mountain ranges, bodies of water, volcanic
eruptions, and even global warming.
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Why are there clouds in the sky?
Clouds form as warm air is forced upward,
expands and cools.
When the relative humidity reaches 100%,
the air is saturated.
Water vapor begins to condense in tiny
drops on particles of dust, salt and smoke in
the atmosphere.
These drops are so small that they can be
suspended in the air.
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What is Relative Humidity?
Relative humidity is a measure of the amount of
water vapor in the air compared to the amount
it can hold at a given temperature.
Once the RH=100% condensation occurs.
Example: Air at 40 C is saturated when it
contains 20g of water vapor. If this parcel of
air contains 10g of water vapor, the RH=50%
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Can you calculate the RH?
Air at 30C is saturated when
it contains 16g of water vapor.
What is the RH if the air contains
12g of water vapor?
A) 25%
B) 50% C) 75% D) 90% E) 125%
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Lets review and try again 
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Correct!
You are soaring in the clouds!!
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When do the clouds form?
Once the RH has reached 100%, additional
water vapor will condense back to a liquid or
freeze, depending on the temperature.
The temperature at which air becomes
saturated and condensation takes place is
the DEW POINT temperature.
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There are many funny names for clouds.
Have you ever wondered why
clouds have such weird names?
 In 1802 an Englishman by the name of Luke Howard invented
the cloud naming system that is still in use today.
 Howard used Latin names to describe clouds. (The first part of
a cloud's name describes height, the second part shape.)
 The prefixes denoting heights are:
– cirro, high clouds above 20,000 feet (6,250 meters)
– alto and mid level clouds between 6,000 - 20,000 feet (1,875 - 6,250
meters).
– There is no prefix for low level clouds.
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Shape and Color are Important
The names denoting shapes are:
 cirrus mean curly or fibrous,
 stratus means layered, while
 cumulus means lumpy or piled.
 Nimbo or nimbus is added to indicate
that a cloud can produce precipitation
These are often DARK colored clouds.
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We will study
(3) different cloud types:
Cirrus
Stratus
Cumulus
Click on the cloud type to learn more about each one!
Click here to take the Cloud Type Quiz!
CIRRUS CLOUDS
Cirrus are detached clouds in the form of white,
delicate filaments or mostly white patches of
narrow bands. These clouds have a fibrous
(hair-like) appearance, or a silky sheen, or both.
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STRATUS CLOUDS
Stratus is a generally a gray cloud layer with a
fairly uniform base, which may give drizzle,
ice prisms or snow grains.
When the sun is visible through the cloud,
its outline is clearly discernible.
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CUMULUS CLOUDS
These types of
clouds are most
often detached
clouds, generally
dense and with
sharp outlines.
The sunlit parts
of these clouds
are mostly
brilliant white.
They develop
vertically in the
form of rising
mounds, domes or
towers, having
their bases
located in the low
level stage.
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Cloud Type Quiz
Using the pictures and
the clues provided,
see if you can identify
the following clouds!
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Cloud Quiz #1
These clouds
appear fibrous or
curly.
They are high, thin,
white, feathery
clouds containing
ice crystals
A) CUMULUS
Hint:
These clouds are
“CIRRIOUS-ly High!
B) CIRRUS
C) STRATUS
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Lets review and try again 
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CIRRUS CLOUDS
Cirrus are detached clouds in the form of white,
delicate filaments or mostly white patches of
narrow bands. These clouds have a fibrous
(hair-like) appearance, or a silky sheen, or both.
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Me
Correct!
You are soaring in the clouds!!
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Me
Cloud Quiz #2
These clouds
generally fill the sky
and are often
associated with
steady rainfall.
A) CUMULUS
Hint: When the sun
shines through
these clouds you
can clearly see
their outline!
B) CIRRUS
C) STRATUS
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Lets review and try again 
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STRATUS CLOUDS
Stratus is a generally a gray cloud layer with a
fairly uniform base, which may give drizzle,
ice prisms or snow grains.
When the sun is visible through the cloud,
its outline is clearly discernible.
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Correct!
You are soaring in the clouds!!
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Me
Cloud Quiz #3
These clouds are
masses of puffy
white clouds, often
with flat bases. The
may tower to great
heights and can be
associated with both
fair weather and
thunderstorms.
A) CUMULUS
Hint:
These clouds look like
giant cotton balls!!
B) CIRRUS
C) STRATUS
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Lets review and try again 
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CUMULUS CLOUDS
These types of
clouds are most
often detached
clouds, generally
dense and with
sharp outlines.
The sunlit parts
of these clouds
are mostly
brilliant white.
They develop
vertically in the
form of rising
mounds, domes or
towers, having
their bases
located in the low
level stage.
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Correct!
You are soaring in the clouds!!
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CONGRATULATIONS!!
You have completed this portion
of the weather unit on
CLOUD Formation and Types!
Now you are ready to learn about
Severe Weather and Thunderstorms!!
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