Download Paris, Oct. 2004

Giant Clouds and Star Clusters in the Antennae
Wilson et al. 2000, Whitmore et al. 1999
Probing the epoch of “galaxy formation” : z = 1.5 – 3.5
Optical gals
IR/(sub)mm gals
Role of dust?
Relationship between different galaxy populations (LBG, red,
submm, AGN,…)
A Complete Survey of M33
• 148 GMCs (green)
shown on HI map
• complete to 1.5x105 Mo
• mass function is
N(m) ~ m-2.6, steeper
than seen in Galaxy
• An interferometric
survey of M31 is also
underway with IRAM
(Guelin et al. 2001, Neininger 2001)
Engargiola et al. 2003; HI map Deul & van der Hulst 1987
Enabling Technology I: sensitivity – Arp 220 vs z (FIR=1.6e12 L_sun)
farIR: dust
cm: Star formation,
AGN
(sub)mm Dust,
molecular gas
Near-IR: Stars,
ionized gas, AGN
ALMA: resolving,
distant, low mass
galaxies
Hershel: very wide
field surveys, ‘SED
machine’, dust
Spitzer Spectroscopy of ULIRGs (Armus et al 2004)
• At lowest end of the
sequence, Aromatic
Features dominate, just
as they do in normal
galaxies
• Spitzer has now
detected (Yan et al, in
prep) Aromatic Features
in at least one source at
z~1.9
– fν~1.3mJy, R>25.5 mag
– νLν~ 2.6 1011 Lsun
– L(IR)~3.5 1012 to 2.5
1013 L
L_FIR vs L’(CO), L(HCN)
Index=1.7
Index=1
[CII] deficiency at high-z
• See a trend of
decreasing [CII]/FIR for
warmer and more
actively star-forming
galaxies.
• this trend includes
ULIRGs and hi-z
sources (e.g. Benford,
Ph.D. thesis)
QSO host galaxies – M_BH – s relation
• Most (all?) low z spheroidal galaxies have SMBH
• M_BH = 0.002 M_bulge
‘Causal connection between SMBH and spheroidal galaxy
formation’ (Gebhardt et al. 2002)?
 Luminous high z QSOs have massive host galaxies (1e12 M_sun)
ionized
History of IGM
CoIs: Walter, Bertoldi, Cox,
Omont, Beelen, Fan, Strauss...
Neutral
F(HI)=1
Epoch of
Reionization (EoR)
Ionized
F(HI)=1e-5
• bench-mark in cosmic
structure formation
indicating the first
luminous structures
“Pre-ALMA Science” – SDSS1148+52 z=6.42 Dust+CO detection
Prodigious dust and molecular gas formation within 0.9Gyr of big bang
VLA CO 3-2
46.6149 GHz
MAMBO
Justification
Outrageous
conclusions
 Large dust masses (1e8 M_sun) => Dust formation at z>4: massive stars ?
 Large gas masses (> 1e10 M_sun): X ?
 SFR > 1e3 M_sun /yr?
 Coeval starburst/AGN: SMBH – spheroidal gal formation ?
 Merger-induced galaxy formation ?
The dusty and molecular universe: a prelude to ALMA
and Herschel
“Pour la Patrie, les Sciences, et la Gloire” (N.
Bonaparte)