Download Skeletal Muscles

Name:_________________________________________________________________ Class: 3-_____
The Muscular System
There are more than 650 muscles in the human body. Muscles are made of
muscle tissue that work like the elastic material in a rubber band. Thousands or
even tens of thousands, of small fibers make up each muscle.
The three Types of Muscles
All muscles are voluntary or involuntary. Voluntary muscles you can
control. Involuntary muscles work automatically (on their own).
1. Cardiac Muscle – This is your heart muscle. It works on its own, so it is
an example of an involuntary muscle.
2. Smooth Muscles –These muscles work own their own, so they are
examples of involuntary muscles. Examples of smooth muscles are your
stomach and intestines that help you digest your food, or the iris of your
eye.
3. Skeletal Muscles – These are the muscles that attach to your bones.
Tendons attach muscles to bones. When a muscle contracts it pulls on a
tendon to move the bone. These are voluntary muscles.
Cardiac Muscles
Smooth Muscles
Skeletal Muscles
What would happen if your heart was a voluntary muscle?
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What might happen if your skeletal muscles were involuntary?
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SKELETAL MUSCLES
FUNCTION OF THE skeletal MUSCLES:
Skeletal muscles give your body shape. They protect bones and organs.
Skeletal muscles hold your body up and give it support. They also help you move.
The four functions of the skeletal muscles are ______________________,
__________________, ______________________ and _____________________.
How skeletal muscles work:
Think about what it takes to pick up your backpack. It takes the use of your
muscles, especially your skeletal muscles. Skeletal muscles attach to tendons
which attach to bones. When you move, a signal is sent from your brain to a
muscle to contract. The contracting muscle then becomes shorter and fatter,
pulling on the tendon that then pulls one the bone. Skeletal muscles work by
contracting (pulling).
Your muscles work in pairs. While one muscle works contracting, another
muscle relaxes. Pick up your backpack. A muscle called the bicep in your upper
arm pulls your lower arm bones toward your upper arm bone while another
muscle in the back of your arm (your tricep) relaxes. Put your backpack down.
Your tricep now contracts while your bicep relaxes.
Place the palm of one of your hands on the underside of your desk while
feeling the bicep of that arm with your other hand. Slightly push up against the
desk. Do you feel your bicep pull (contract)? Now push down on the desk with the
back of one hand. Do you feel the triceps pulling/contracting?
Write a full sentence or two describing how skeletal muscles work.
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What can you do for Your skeletal
Muscles?
Exercise -
You do not build strong muscles in a week or in a few
months. You build muscles by using them throughout your life. You should be
active for at least 60 minutes a day. The pictures show ways you can enjoy
building your muscles and keeping them healthy by playing and exercising.
What is your favorite activity? ________________________________________.
Are you active for 60 minutes a day?___________________________________.
Food AND Diet
- Eating the right amount of healthy foods also helps
keep your muscles healthy. Your muscles need food to work. Foods rich in protein
such as lean meats, fish, eggs, nuts, legumes (beans), and dairy products can help
your body work. Fruits, vegetables, and whole grain breads and cereals can also
help give you energy and help your muscles work.
My favorite food with protein is? ________________________________
Warm-up –
Warming up before exercise helps from straining muscles,
especially dynamic (moving) warm-ups that increase your heart rate and body
temperature.
Name a dynamic warm-up done in gym class:____________________________.
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Skeletal Muscles of the Human Body:
Pectorals
Deltoids
Biceps
Triceps
Abdominals
Quadriceps
Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius
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Skeletal Muscles of the Human Body
Label the skeletal model below. Try not to peek at the previous page until you
are done to check your answers.
Word Bank
Biceps
Triceps
Quadriceps
Deltoids
Abdominals
Pectorals
Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius
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Diseases of the Muscular System:
The following are some diseases that affect the muscles of the human
body:
Multiple Sclerosis – causes the muscles to “forget” how and when to move.
Muscular Dystrophy and Lou Gehrig Disease – cause the muscle tissue to break
down and weaken.
Lyme Disease – a preventable and treatable disease that comes from the bite of a
tiny deer tick found in wooded areas. Be careful in areas where ticks are common,
particularly April through October. If you are walking in long grass, make sure that
your legs and feet are well covered. Have someone check your hair and clothes
after playing outdoors. If you have pets, check for ticks on a daily basis. Lyme
disease, when caught early is very curable.
Actual size of a deer tick
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