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Managing Common Gynecological Problems Thomas Ross, D.O. Negative effects on treatment efficacy and tolerability induced or driven by psychological factors. NOCEDO EFFECTS A nocebo effect is a negative or ill effect caused by the belief or suggestion that something is harmful Both placebo and nocebo effects are entirely psychogenic. Rather than being the result of the biologically active compound, the effects are the result of the patient’s perceptions, expectations or prior experience. Latin for “I shall harm” The Effect of Treatment Expectation on Drug Efficacy: Imaging the Analgesic Benefit of the Opioid Remifentanil Ulrike B, et al Science Translational Medicine 3:70 Feb. 2011 MRI reveals objective as well as subjective nacebo effects We will utilize algorithms as a guideline or starting point for each condition discussion. These are reproduced from the excellent and useful text, “GYNECOLOGIC DECISION MAKING” by Roger P. Smith, M.D. Please provide your insight! Diagnosis Treatment Referal Amenorrhea Dysmenorrhea Dysuria Hemorrhoids Infertility Mastalgia Fibrocystic Disease Nipple Discharge Dyspareunia Vaginismus Thank you