Download Chapter Two - Spring-Ford Area School District

Chapter Two
Test Review
1. Explain the difference between weather and climate. (sec. 2)
Weather is the unpredictable changes in the air over a short period of time
whereas climate is the usual, predictable pattern over a long period of time.
2. What happens during evaporation in the water cycle process?(sec. 1)
The sun’s heat turns liquid water into water vapor
3. How does latitude and the sun’s rays affect climate? (sec. 2)
The higher the latitude the cooler the climate
4. How does wind affect climate? (sec. 2)
Wind plays an important role in storms (El Nino &La Nina). Wind carries
warm and cool air around the globe. Warm air= equator, cool air =poles
5. Identify the two types of tropical climates (sec. 3)
A. rain forest
B. savanna
6. Between what two geographical locations can you find tropical climates? (sec. 3)
Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn
7. What is the current called that brings warm air to Western Europe? (sec. 2)
Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Current
8. What is the greenhouse effect? (sec. 2)
Buildup of gases that prevent warm air from rising and escaping in the
atmosphere.
9. Explain these two weather occurrences. (sec. 2)
A. El Nino winds from the east are weak- Pacific Ocean gets warmer,
more evaporation leads to more condensation and then more precipitation
B. La Nina winds from the east are strong, Pacific Ocean gets cooler.
10. Why are there several climates in the Mid-Latitudes? (sec. 3)
Mix of air masses from both the poles and equator
11. List the four Mid-Latitude climates. Place a star next to our climate region.
(sec. 3)
A. Marine West Coast
B. Mediterranean
C. Humid Subtropical
D. Humid Continental *
12. What is a windward side of a mountain? (sec. 2)
Side of the mountain that is often moist and foggy with thick vegetation
because the warm air rises and cools and releases its moisture
13. What is a leeward side of a mountain? (sec. 2)
Dry side- rain shadow- dry, desert-like climate because moisture is lost on the
windward side.
14. List the High-Latitude climates and where you can find them. (sec. 3)
A. Subarctic- Russia and Canada
B. Ice Cap- Greenland & Antarctica
C. Tundra- Northern Canada and Iceland
15. List the dry climates. Which one receives less rain? (sec. 3)
A. desert
B. steppe
Desert receives less rain
16. What is condensation and why does it happen? (sec. 1)
Warm air rises in the atmosphere- cools and changes back into a liquid
forming clouds
17. What percentage of freshwater is found in glaciers?
80% (sec. 1)
Most of our LIQUID freshwater is found in groundwater
Identify each climate zone and give one fact about it. (sec. 3)
Climate Zone
18. rain forest
19. savanna
20. Mediterranean
21. Marine West Coast
22. Humid Subtropical
23. Humid Continental
24. Subarctic
25. Tundra
26. Ice Cap
27. desert
28. steppe
29. highlands
Fact
18. 100 inches of rain/year. Canopy
19. Broad grasslands. Wet and dry season
20. By Mediterranean Sea. Cool winters, hot summers
21. Coastal areas. Receives a lot of rain
22. Close to tropics. Long summers. Palm trees
23. Inland areas. Short summers, deciduous trees
24. Colder climate. Taiga
25. Permafrost. No tall trees grow here
26. Located at the poles. Lichens and mosses grow here
27. Less than 10 inches of rain/year
28. Between 10-20 inches of rain/year. On edges of deserts
29. Mountain climate- timberline
30. What latitude region do most of the world’s people live in? (sec. 3) Mid-latitude