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EXAM QUESTIONS (i) State what a nebula is. (1) .................................................................................................................................................................. (ii) A nebula eventually becomes a star. Describe how a nebula becomes a star. (3) .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. (b) These are four stages in the evolution of a star similar to the Sun. They are not in the correct order. 1. main sequence star 2. white dwarf 3. red giant 4. nebula Write down the stages in the correct order. (2) The first stage has been done for you. . . . . . . . . . nebula . . . . . . . . ........................................... ........................................... ........................................... Section 2 Hubble's work led to the theory of the Big Bang. Describe what is meant by the Big Bang theory. (2) .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. There are two theories for the origin of the Universe: • the Big Bang Theory • the Steady State Theory. (i) Describe the evidence which supports the Big Bang Theory. (2) .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. (ii) The Steady State Theory is not as widely accepted as the Big Bang Theory. Suggest a reason for this. (1) .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. Section 3 A long time ago, astronomers thought that the Earth was the centre of the Universe. This was called the geocentric model. The evidence for this model came from observations of the sky using the naked eye. After the telescope was invented, astronomers quickly gathered evidence which showed that the geocentric model is not correct. Describe the evidence both for the geocentric model and against the geocentric model. (6) .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. Section 4 Describe a benefit of using a telescope in space. (2) .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. • Galileo’s telescope used a small lens to focus the light. Modern telescopes often use a large mirror instead. Explain how using a modern telescope helps astronomers to understand the Universe better. (3) .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................................................
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