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PATHOGENS Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protists & Parasites What is an infectious agent or pathogen? •Infectious agents are organisms that enter the human body and effect its ability to maintain homeostasis (i.e. makes you sick). Bacteria • Unicellular • Prokaryote (no nucleus) • Reproduction: fission, conjugation • Consists of cytoplasm and DNA surrounded by a cell membrane and a cell wall. • Round/Sphere-shaped, rod-shaped, or spiralshaped • Some have flagellas to help them move • Food: parasitic, decomposer, photosynthesis, or consumer Examples • Botulism • Meningitis • Tuberculosis • E. Coli • Pneumonia • Salmonella Think Pair Share • How do we get rid of a bacterial infection? Viruses • Strand of DNA or RNA • Crystal, cylinder, surrounded by a layer of protein that can infect and replicate in a host cell. • Not considered living • Unicellular sphere, and bacteriophage shapes • Food – parasitic • Active or Latent Examples •Rabies •Chicken pox •HIV •Common cold •Influenza Think Pair Share •How can we treat or prevent viruses? Protists • Eukaryote (has nucleus) • Animal-like – consumers; unicellular; move with cilia, flagella, or pseudopod (Paramecium) • Plant-like – photosynthesis; uni or multi-cellular; move with flagella (Algae) • Fungus-like – decomposer; multicellular; do not move (slime mold) • Asexual & sexual reproduction Protists Examples •Malaria •Giardiasis Think Pair Share •How can we determine whether the protest is plantlike, animal-like, or fungus-like? Fungus • Multi-cellular • Decomposer or Parasitic • Use hyphae to absorb food • Club, sac, imperfect or zygote fungi • Asexual or sexual reproduction using spores Examples •Athlete’s Foot •Diaper Rash Think Pair Share •What are the best conditions for athlete’s foot or diaper rash to develop? Parasites •Flatworms – like tapeworms •Arthropods – like lice, ticks, and mosquitos Think Pair Share •How do these pathogens affect the body’s ability to maintain homeostasis?
