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The Muscular System
The Muscular
System:
Moving your Body
The Muscular System
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The Muscular System
Can you sit totally still without
moving a muscle?
Ø  Try
it! (for 30 seconds…)
Ø  Did you do it?
Ø  Probably not!
ü  Did
you blink?
ü  Did you breathe?
ü  Did you swallow?
It’s impossible to sit absolutely still without
ANY muscle movement… why???
The Muscular System
What is the muscular system?
Ø  They muscular system is made up of all the
MUSCLES and TENDONS in your body.
There are more than 600 muscles in your body!
Ø  MUSCLES are: ORGANS that can RELAX
and CONTRACT, and provide the FORCE to
MOVE your body parts.
Ø  TENDONS are: STRONG CONNECTIVE
TISSUE that ATTACH MUSCLES TO BONE.
(This connection allows your muscles to move
your bones.)
The Muscular System
What are muscles made of?
• LONG, STRETCHY, elastic cells and
fibers
• These muscle cells CONTRACT and
RELAX when they get MESSAGES from
your NERVES.
Nucleus
The Muscular System
Why do I need tendons?
Ø 
Tendons ATTACH MUSCLES
TO BONE helping the body
move.
Ø 
Feel your tendon right above
your heel in the back of your leg.
This is the THICKEST tendon in
your body (Achilles Tendon).
Ø 
TENDON
The Muscular System
What does your muscular system do?
(What is its FUNCTION?)
• HOLDS BONES together so you can
MOVE
• HOLDS ORGANS in place
• Helps you CHEW & DIGEST your
food
• BLINKS your eyelids
• PUMPS YOUR BLOOD
• Allows you to WALK, RUN, play,
laugh, smile, etc.
The Muscular System
How are MUSCLES controlled?
Ø 
Your BRAIN sends MESSAGES to your muscles
using the NERVOUS SYSTEM.
VOLUNTARY MUSCLES - you CHOOSE to use
them and CONSCIOUSLY CONTROL their
movement.
Ø  Examples: MOST SKELETAL MUSCLES
(arms, legs, hands, feet, etc)
INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES - WORK WITHOUT
YOU THINKING about them.
Ø  Examples: HEART, EYELIDS, DIAPHRAGM
(breathing) and DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
The Muscular System
How do muscles work?
Ø 
Ø 
Muscles CAN’T PUSH. They ONLY PULL (CONTRACT)
(and then RELAX to return to original length).
Muscles often WORK IN PAIRS, so that they can pull in
DIFFERENT OR OPPOSITE directions.
•  Example: BICEP bends the elbow, and TRICEP extends the elbow.
The Muscular System
THREE TYPES OF MUSCLES
1) SKELETAL MUSCLES
(attached to bones)
2) SMOOTH MUSCLES
(in your digestive system)
3) CARDIAC MUSCLES
(in your heart)
The Muscular System
THREE TYPES OF MUSCLES
1) SKELETAL MUSCLES
(attached to bones)
2) SMOOTH MUSCLES
(in your digestive system)
3) CARDIAC MUSCLES
(in your heart)
The Muscular System
What are the 3 types of muscles?
1) SKELETAL MUSCLES – are ATTACHED to your BONES.
These are VOLUNTARY muscles, because you control them.
Ø  They REACT QUICKLY, but get TIRED EASILY.
Ø 
2) SMOOTH MUSCLES – are INSIDE your INTERNAL
ORGANS (eg. In your digestive system).
These are INVOLUNTARY muscles, because the work
AUTOMATICALLY.
Ø  They REACT SLOWLY, but DON’T GET TIRED EASILY.
Ø 
3) CARDIAC MUSCLES – are found ONLY in your HEART.
Ø 
These are INVOLUNTARY muscles, because the work
AUTOMATICALLY. They DON’T GET TIRED.
The Muscular System
How can you STRENGTHEN your
muscular system?
•  EXERCISE EVERYDAY! Exercise makes individual muscle
cells grow wider, thicker, and stronger.
•  EAT foods that are HIGH IN PROTEIN every day – protein
helps to build strong muscles.
The Muscular System
Fun Facts about the Muscular System
• You have about 650 muscles in your body. Muscles
make up HALF your body weight.
• Eye muscles are the busiest muscles in the body.
Scientists estimate they may move more than
100,000 times a day!
• The largest muscle in the body is the gluteus
maximus muscle in the buttocks.
• Smiling is easier than frowning. It takes 20 muscles
to smile and over 40 to frown.
The Muscular System
Have you noticed that certain
systems work together?
Muscular system helps the
skeletal system MOVE.
Muscular system helps the
Circulatory system PUMP
BLOOD around the body.
Muscular system helps
NervousDigestive
system sends
system DIGEST
MESSAGES
themove it through
FOODtoand
muscular
system.
your
body.
The Muscular System