Download The Rock Cycle

The Rock Cycle
Modified from
Brianna Shields
January 25, 2005
DO NOW
• 1. Which mineral characteristic is tested
by rubbing the mineral on a porcelain tile
or plate?
• 2. Which mineral characteristic is tested
by scratching the mineral across other
minerals or across items such as a nail,
penny or glass?
• 3. How do you determine a mineral’s
GOAL
• To know the three rock types, their
formation, and the paths they might travel
through during the rock cycle
Rock Cycle
• Igneous
Rocks
• 1. Formed when magma or lava
hardens
Rock Cycle
• Igneous
Rocks
Rock Cycle
• Igneous
Rocks
• 2. Classified by texture and what
they are made of
Rock Cycle
• Igneous
Rocks
• 3. Type depends on how fast or
slow the lava cools
 Slow cool = large crystals
 Rapid cool= small crystals
Rock Cycle
• Igneous
Rocks
• 4. Samples
 Obsidian- cooled extremely fast
• Microscopic Crystals
Rock Cycle
• Igneous
Rocks
• 4. Samples
 Basalt- cooled quickly
• Small Crystals
Rock Cycle
• Igneous
Rocks
• 4. Samples
 Granite- cooled slowly
• Large Crystals
Igneous Rocks
• See if you can pick samples of obsidian,
granite and basalt out of your rock kit
 Do not use the key to help you!
 Use your memory of the powerpoint pictures!
Rock Cycle
• Sedimentary • 1. Formed when layers of
Rocks
sediment harden
 Rock bits harden into new rocks
Rock Cycle
• Sedimentary • 2. Two ways to harden:
Rocks
 Pressure from sediment weight
 Cementing by other minerals
Rock Cycle
• Sedimentary • 3. Form where rivers meet
Rocks
oceans, as sediments are
dumped
Rock Cycle
• Sedimentary • 4. Samples
Rocks
 A. Shale- made from mud and clay
Rock Cycle
• Sedimentary • 4. Samples
Rocks
 B. Sandstone- made from sand
Rock Cycle
• Sedimentary • 4. Samples
Rocks
 C. Conglomerate- made from sand,
pebbles and rocks
Rock Cycle
• Sedimentary • 4. Samples
Rocks
 D. Limestone- made from shells of
dead sea animals
Sedimentary Rocks
• See if you can pick samples of shale,
sandstone, conglomerate, limestone out of
your mineral kit
 Do not use the key to help you!
 Use your memory of the powerpoint pictures!
Rock Cycle
• Metamorphic • 1. Rocks changed into new
Rocks
rocks due to high heat and
great pressure
Rock Cycle
• Metamorphic • 2. Form deep in Earth
Rocks
Rock Cycle
• Metamorphic • 3. Samples
Rocks
 Quartzite- forms from sandstone
Rock Cycle
• Metamorphic • 3. Samples
Rocks
 Marble- forms from limestone
Rock Cycle
• Metamorphic • 3. Samples
Rocks
 Slate- forms from shale
Metamorphic Rocks
• See if you can pick samples of quartzite,
marble and slate out of your mineral kit
 Do not use the key to help you!
 Use your memory of the powerpoint pictures!
Rock Cycle
Rock Cycle
• Continuous changing of rocks
from one kind to another
 Takes long periods of time
 Never stops
Rock Cycle Diagrams
Rock Cycle Diagrams
Rock Cycle Diagrams
The Rock Cycle
• Use what you have learned to create a
rock cycle diagram. Include:





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Where and how each type of rock is found
Mountain
River
Ocean
Volcano
2 upper layers of the earth’s interior
Identifying Rocks
• Pull rocks numbers 3, 4 out of the rock kit.
• Observe each rock
• Determine whether the rock is most likely
igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic
• Support your answer with evidence
Interactive Websites
• Interactive Rock Cycle Animation
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• When rock
fragments are
compacted and
cemented, what
type of rocks do
they become?
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• When
metamorphic
rocks are
melted what do
they become?
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• When magma
cools and
hardens, what
type of rocks
are formed?
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• When
sedimentary
rocks are really
heated up and
pressure is
applied, what
do they
become?
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• When igneous
rocks are
weathered and
eroded, what
do they
become?
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• What is the
softest mineral
on Moh’s
hardness
scale?
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• The breaking of
a mineral along
smooth, definite
surfaces is
called?
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• The way in
which a mineral
reflect light from
its surface is
its?
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• What are
atleast 5
mineral
properties/tests
used to identify
minerals?
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• Relate the
cooling rate of
magma to the
crystal size in
igneous rocks
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• The gemstone
opal is a
sedimentary rock
that consists of
microscopic balls
of silica cemented
together by water.
Explain how an
opalized clam
shell may have
formed.
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• Obsidian and diorite are
both igneous rocks.
Obsidian looks like black
glass. At a distance,
diorite is dark gray; up
close, it becomes clear
that it is made of black,
gray and white grains.
How do you account for
the differences in these
two rocks?
Assessment: Rock Cycle
• Suppose you have found a
large mass of igneous rock
between layers of
sedimentary rock. Between
the bottom of the igneous
rock and the sedimentary
rock you observe a thin
layer of quartzite. The
igneous rock itself is fine
grained and very dark.
What can you infer about
the igneous formation’s
history?