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Principal muscles – their origin and insertion Muscle Origin Insertion Pectoralis Major Sternum, Humerus clavicle, rib cartilage Bicep Scapula Radius Location Large chest muscle Oblique’s Pubic and iliac crest Waist ilipsoas Sacrum Fleshy strips to lower eight ribs Femur Rectus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis Vastus intermedius Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Bicep Femoris Tibalis Anterior Ilium femur Tibia, fibula Front of thigh Ischium, femur Tibia, fibula Back of thigh Lateral condyle Scapula Clavicle Metatarsals Front of tibia on lower leg Forms cap of shoulder Rectus Abdominis Pubic crest Xiphoid process ‘5-7th ribs’ ‘six pack’ muscle runs down abdomen Triceps Ulna Soleus Humerus and scapula Tibia, fibula Gluteus Maximums Ilium sacrum Femur Trapezius Base of cranium Scapula + Clavicle Teres Major humerus Humerus Outside upper arm Deep to gastrocnemius Large muscle on buttocks Large triangular muscle at top of back Between scapula and humerus Latissimus Dorsi Humerus Erector Spinae Vertebral and iliac crest Sacrum Gastrocnemius Femur Deltoids Humerus Calcaneus Rib Cage, Cranium, Vertebrae Calcaneus Inside upper arm Lower back, opposite pelvis Large muscles covering back of lower ribs Long muscle running either side of spine Large calf muscle Function Flexes and adducts upper arm Flexes lower arm Lateral flexion of trunk Flexion of pelvis and thigh at hip Extends lower leg and flexes thigh Flexes lower leg and extends thigh Dorsiflexion of foot Abducts, flexes and extends upper arm Flexion and rotation of lumbar region of vertebral column Extends lower arm Planter flexion Extends thigh Elevates and depresses scapula Rotates and abducts humerus Extends and adducts lower arm Extension of spine Planter flexion, flexes knee
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