Download Unit XII: Abnormal Behavior

Unit XII: Abnormal
Behavior
Ms. Justice
AP Psychology
2014-2015
Unit XII - Overview
65 – Introduction to Psychological Disorders
66 – Anxiety Disorders, OCD, and PTSD
67 – Mood Disorders
68 – Schizophrenia
69 – Other Disorders
Unit XII: Abnormal Behavior
Module 65
Introduction to Psychological
Disorders
Psychological Disorders
65-1
Defining Psychological Disorders
Mental health workers view
psychological disorders as
persistently harmful thoughts, feelings, and
actions.
When behavior is
deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional
psychiatrists and psychologists label it as
disordered.
65-1
Deviant, Distressful &
Dysfunctional
1. Deviant behavior violates social
norms. For example, going
naked may be considered
normal in one culture, while in
others it may lead to arrest.
2. Distress is unpleasant feelings or
emotions that impact daily life.
3. Dysfunctional behavior is
maladaptive and interferes with
normal day-to-day life.
65-1
In the Wodaabe tribe men
wear costumes to attract
women. In Western society
this would be considered
abnormal.
ADHD Controversy
65-2
ADHD Controversy
65-2
• ADHD (attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder) is diagnosed 3 times more in boys
• Do increasing numbers of diagnoses indicate a
greater awareness of the disorder, or an
application of a diagnostic label to normally
rambunctious children?
Understanding Psychological
Disorders
65-3
Understanding
Psychological Disorders
Ancient treatments of psychological
disorders included:
• trephination
• exorcism
• being caged like animals
• being beaten or burned
• castration
• mutilation
• transfusion with animal’s blood
65-3
Trephination (boring
holes in the skull to
remove evil forces)
The Medical Model
65-3
Philippe Pinel (1745-1826) from France, insisted
that madness was not due to demonic possession,
but an ailment of the mind.
Dance in the Madhouse by George Bellows, 1907
Medical Model
65-3
• When physicians discovered that syphilis led to
mental disorders in the 1800s, they started using
medical models to review the causes and treatment
of these disorders.
• Today it is widely accepted that a
mental illness needs to be diagnosed
on the basis of its symptoms and
treated through therapy.
The Biopsychosocial Approach
65-3
Classifying Psychological
Disorders
65-4
Classifying Psychological
Disorders
65-4
• The American Psychiatric Association first
published a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders (DSM) to describe & classify
psychological disorders in 1952.
• A new edition was released in
May 2013: the DSM-5.
Labeling Psychological
Disorders
65-5
Labeling Psychological
Disorders
Critics of the DSM-5 argue that labels may
stigmatize individuals and cause others to
view them differently.
Asylum baseball team
65-5
Labeling Psychological
Disorders
65-5
Legal labels such as “insanity” raise moral and
ethical questions about how society should treat
people who have psychological disorders and
have committed crimes.
Andrea Yates
Lorena Bobbitt
Rates of Psychological Disorders
65-6