Download Muscles - PLC-METS

The Muscular System
Muscle System Functions
 Provides voluntary
movement of body
 Enables breathing,
blinking, and smiling
 Allows you to hop,
skip, jump, or do
push-ups
 Maintains posture
 Produces heat
Functions Continued
 Causes heart beat
 Directs circulation
of blood
 Regulates
blood
pressure
 Sends blood to
different areas of
the body
Functions Continued
 Provides movement of
internal organs
 Moves food through
digestive tract
 Enables bladder control
 Causes involuntary
actions
 Reflex actions
 Adjusts opening of pupils
 Causes hair to stand on
end (
)
Muscle Tissue
Characteristics
 Is made up of
contractile fibers
 Provides movement
 Controlled by the
nervous system
 Voluntary- consciously
controlled
 Involuntary- not under
conscious control
 Examples
 Skeletal
 Smooth
 Cardiac
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
Types of Muscle Tissue
 There are
three main
types of
muscle tissue
 Skeletal
(striated)
 Cardiac
(heart)
 Smooth
(visceral)
Comparison of Muscle Types
Muscle Type
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
Location
Attached to
bone
Heart
Walls of internal
organs + in skin
Function
Movement of
bone
Beating of heart
Movement of
internal organs
Control Mode
Voluntary
Involuntary
Involuntary
Shape
Characteristics
Long + slender
Branching
Spindle shape
Striated- light
and dark bands
Many nuclei
Striated
One or two
nuclei
Non-striated
One nucleus
(visceral)
Location
of Muscles
 Skeletal
Muscles
 Anterior
view
Quadriceps
group
Location
of Muscles
 Skeletal
Muscles
 Posterior
view
Hastring
group
Muscle Movement
fixed
 Muscles originate on a _____bone
in our body,
joint and insert onto a moving
cross over a ______,
______
bone.
 It is important to understand that all muscles
move from the ________
insertion point
going toward the __________
origination
point.
 It is because of the placement
of the muscles that we can
move.
Muscle Movement
 Tendons
 attach _________
muscle to bone
 are inelastic
 don’t stretch when the force of
the muscle acts on them
 When muscle contracts,
it pulls on the _______
bone
 Individual muscles can
only ____
pull in ____
one direction
 Muscles work in
pairs
opposing ______
Muscle Movement
 ______Flexor Muscle that bends the joint when
contracted.
 Extensor
________- Muscle that straightens the joint
when contracted.
 Contracted
__________ muscle
is short, firm, tight
and thicker around.
 Relaxed
_______ muscle is
stretched, long, loose
and thinner around.
Muscle Movement
 When the biceps in the arm contracts the triceps
relaxes causing ________
________
bending of the arm.
contracts the biceps
 When the triceps in the arm _________
relaxes causing straightening
____________ of the arm.
 ______
Pairs of muscles are
needed because the
only active movement
_________
of a muscle is to
contract
_______, to lengthen it
must be _________
stretched by
the action of an
muscle
opposing _______.
Muscle + Bone Interaction
 Let’s review the structures involved in
movement at a joint.
B
C
F
A
D 
C
G
E
D
C
B
F
B
F
Ligament
Tendon
Cartilage
Body (Belly)
Origin
Insertion
Contracted muscle
Relaxed muscle
Flexor
Extensor
Chicken wing
dissection video link
http://blip.tv/file/421508
Tendon
Ligament
Cartilage
Bone marrow
A. Phalanges
B. Manus (hand)
C. Alula (thumb)
D. Metacarpals
E. Carpal joint (wrist)
F. Ulna
G. Radius
H. "Elbow“
I. Humerus
J. "Shoulder" joint
http://www.unit5.org/villhauer/Biology/Power%20Points/The%20Muscle%20System.ppt