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Transcript
Volcanoes 8th grade Physical Science How are Volcanoes Formed? O Gases force magma, melted rock in the Earth to rise. If magma breaks through the Earth’s surface, a volcano is formed. Three Different Types of Volcanoes O Shield Volcano O Composite Cone Volcano O Cinder Cone Volcano Shield Volcano O They release relatively fast-moving less gassy lava, and tend to have less explosive eruptions than other types of volcanoes. O People often walk fairly close to these erupting volcanoes. O They usually form large, broad volcanoes. Mount Bachelor in Oregon Composite Cone Volcano O These volcanoes have explosive eruptions as a result of more gassy magma. O They are formed from layers of lava and ash. O Composite Cones are also known as stratovolcanoes. Mount St. Helens in Washington Cinder Cone Volcano O These are the smallest and most common volcanoes O They are formed from explosive eruptions that shoot small pieces of magma and ash into the air. O The magma then cools and hardens as it falls back to the Earth, forming a cinder cone. O In many cases, cinder cones form on the sides of a larger volcano. Mt. Etna in Italy Active Volcano O Active volcanoes is one that has erupted since the last ice age approximately in the past 10,000 years. Dormant Volcano O Dormant volcanoes would then be one that hasn’t erupted in the past 10,000 years, but it is expected to erupt again. Extinct Volcano O Extinct Volcanoes would be one that nobody expects to ever erupt again. Two Types of Eruptions O More gassy eruptions O Less gassy eruptions More Gassy Eruptions O Explosive and violent eruption and magma shoots out of the volcano. Less Gassy Eruptions O More quiet eruption. The magma just flows smoothly out of the volcano. Ring of Fire O Many volcanic eruptions have occurred worldwide.
