Download NORMALIZATION: Database normalization is the process of

NORMALIZATION:
Database normalization is the process of removing redundant data from your tables in to
improve storage efficiency, data integrity, and scalability.
In the relational model, methods exist for quantifying how efficient a database is. These
classifications are called normal forms (or NF), and there are algorithms for converting a given
database between them.
Normalization generally involves splitting existing tables into multiple ones, which must be rejoined or linked each time a query is issued.
The Purpose of Normalization:
1.Normalization is a technique for producing a set of relations with desirable properties,
given the data requirements of an enterprise. .2. The process of normalization is a formal
method identifies relations based on their primary or candidakeys and the functional
dependencies among their attributes.
Definition of 1NF:
First Normal Form is a relation in which the intersection of each row and column contains
one and only one value.
There are two approaches to removing repeating groups from unnormalized tables:
1.Removes the repeating groups by entering appropriate data in the empty columns of rows
containing the repeating data.
2.Removes the repeating group by placing the repeating data, along with a copy of the
original key attribute(s), in a separate relation. A primary key is identified for the new
relation.
Second normal form (2NF):
It is a relation that is in first normal form and every non-primary-key attribute is fully
functionally dependent on the primary key.
Boyce-Codd normal form (BCNF):
A relation is in BCNF, if and only if, every determinant is a candidate key.
Multi-valued dependency (MVD) :
It represents a dependency between attributes (for example, A, B and C) in a relation, such
that for each value of A there is a set of values for B and a set of value for C. However,
the set of values for B and C are independent of each other.