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The diagram below shows many of the components of the digestive system.
Which of the following best describes all of the structures that work together to form the digestive
system?
A) cells and organs
B) tissues and organs
C) cells. tissues, and organs
D) cells and tissues
2. The skeletal system is the body system that is involved in movement and protection of internal
organs. The illustration shows the skeletal system of humans.
What are the different organs that make up the skeletal system?
A) the individual bones
B) bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments
C) skeletal muscles, and smooth muscles
D) cells, tissues, and organs that work together
3. The skin is the largest organ in the human body. It protects the network of muscles, bones, nerves,
blood vessels, and everything else inside the body. What can you conclude about the type of structure
the skin represents?
A) The skin contains different organ systems.
B) The skin is made up of different tissues.
C) The skin is not made of cells.
D) The skin works independently of other body systems.
4. There are four kinds of tissues in the human body. They include muscle, nervous, connective, and
epithelial tissues. What is true about all four of these tissues?
A) They are all made up of cells.
B) They have the same function.
C) They are the lowest level of organization in the body.
D) They have the same structure.
5. The digestive system of an earthworm consists of specialized structures such as the crop and the
intestine. What level of organization best describes each of these structures?
A) an organ
B) an organ system
C) a cell
D) a tissue
6. Flowering plants are complex organisms composed of various structures that work together to
perform specific functions. What type of structure is formed by a group of similar cells that work
together to perform a specific function?
A) an organism
B) an organ system
C) an organ
D) a tissue
7. A prokaryote is an organism that is composed of a single cell that does not include a nucleus or other
organelles enclosed within membranes. All bacteria are prokaryotes. Which of the following correctly
identifies the hierarchal organization in bacteria from smallest unit to largest?
A) molecule > cells > tissues
B) cell > molecules > atoms
C) cells > tissues > organs
D) atoms > molecules > cell
8. Nervous tissue sends signals throughout the body to keep an organism functioning normally. Why is
nervous tissue considered a tissue?
A) Nervous tissue is made up of cells that work together to perform a function.
B) Nervous tissue is important to maintaining homeostasis.
C) Nervous tissue is present throughout all parts of the body.
D) Nervous tissue sends signals as electrochemical messages.
9. The muscles of a grasshopper are attached to its exoskeleton, which is a hard outer covering of its
body. The grasshopper’s muscles contract and relax, causing the exoskeleton to move. What can you
conclude from this observation?
A) Grasshoppers do not have an organized body plan.
B) The skeletal system of a grasshopper is similar to the skeletal system of a human.
C) Body systems work together to keep a grasshopper alive.
D) The cells of a grasshopper are organized into organs, rather than into tissues.
10. The brain is a structure that controls and coordinates the activities of an organism. Which of the
following best represents the levels of organization that forms the brain?
A) molecules > organ > tissues > cells > organism
B) atoms > molecules > cells > tissues > organ
C) tissues > cells > atoms > organ > organ system
D) organism > organ system > organ > molecules > atoms
1. The modern cell theory was developed based on the research conducted by many scientists doing
work in different parts of the world over many years. Which statement is part of the cell theory?
A) Cells are made up from different molecules.
B) All cells are microscopic.
C) The cell is the basic unit of life in organisms
D) All organisms are made up of multiple cells.
2. The cell theory is made up of three components. Which of the following statements is a component of
the cell theory?
A) Cells are composed of atoms and molecules.
B) All cells are made up of units called organelles.
C) Cells reproduce through spontaneous generation.
D) All cells come from pre-existing cells.
3. The cell theory was developed based upon the research done by many scientists over many years.
Which of the following statements is NOT a part of the modern cell theory?
A) All organisms are composed of cells.
B) All cells come from pre-existing cells.
C) Cells are the basic units of life.
D) All cells are microscopic.
4. A computer is made up of matter, uses energy, and is able to transmit and interpret information from
one part of the system to another. Based on the cell theory, why is a computer NOT considered an
organism?
A) It cannot make its own energy.
B) It is made up of chemicals
C) It is not composed of cells.
D) It does not move.
5. Bacteria are among the smallest organisms on Earth, while humans are among the most complex.
What is the basic unit of life common to bacteria, humans, and all other living organisms?
A) organs
B) chloroplasts
C) cells
D) carbohydrates
6. As the basic units of life, cells are living systems that carry out all of the functions needed to sustain
life. Which process is common to all cells?
A) chemosynthesis
B) photosynthesis
C) using energy
D) locomotion
7. The cell theory applies to all cells, including those shown below.
Which of the following is the name of the process during which new cells come from pre-existing cells?
A) cell division
B) replication
C) photosynthesis
D) cellular respiration
8. An analogy can be used to compare two objects and ideas that are not generally related. An example
of an analogy is: A word is to a book like a ____ is to an organism.
Which of the following is the best word to fill in the blank in the analogy above
A) bacterium
B) cell
C) water
D) heart
9. Below is an illustration of a single-celled organism
Does the cell theory explain that single-celled organisms are different than multicellular organisms?
A) Yes. The cell theory explains that single-celled organisms make up multicellular organisms.
B) No. The cell theory describes multicellular organisms only.
C) No. The cell theory describes characteristics shared by all organisms.
D) Yes. The cell theory explains that multicellular organisms evolved from single-celled organisms.
10. The diagram shows four different types of organisms.
What is a common characteristic of these and all organisms?
A) They have hair.
B) They are made up of cells.
C) They are composed of viruses
D) They have chloroplasts.
All plants are classified together in the plant kingdom. What are two characteristics that are used to
classify an organism in the plant kingdom?
A) multicellular and ability to move about independently
B) unicellular and carry out photosynthesis
C) presence of cell wall and ability to make sugars
D) prokaryotic and lack organelles
2. The domain Bacteria is made up of a kingdom of organisms known as Eubacteria. Which statement is
true about organisms classified as Eubacteria?
A) They are all multicellular.
B) They are all parasitic.
C) They are all eukaryotes.
D) They are all prokaryotes
3. All organisms can be classified into multiple levels. The illustration below shows one way in which
organisms are classified.
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS
What was used as the basis for classifying these organisms?
A) reproductive strategy
B) habitats
C) functions
D) structures
4. In the 1700s, Carolus Linnaeus tried to classify all living things. He developed a seven-level system of
classification, which is still used today. Linnaeus grouped lower levels into successively higher levels,
based on shared characteristics. What group is made up of different orders?
A) family
B) genus
C) species
D) class
5. Organisms are classified according to shared characteristics. This process has led to the development
of a classification system that has various levels of organization. Which of the following levels of
classification is of the lowest heirarchy?
A) class
B) domain
C) family
D) species
6. The Linnaean system of classification groups organisms into levels based upon shared characteristics.
Which statement about the hierarchy of classification is correct?
A) Each kingdom can be divided into different domains.
B) The species level represents the largest level of classification.
C) A genus cannot contain members of different species
D) Organisms can belong to the same class but different orders.
7. Four kingdoms are included in the domain Eukarya. On what basis are organisms classified into this
domain?
A) presence of heredity material
B) presence of a single-cell
C) presence of a cell wall
D) presence of cell organelles
8. This illustration below shows a system that Shelby developed to classify different animals.
Based on the information provided, which of the following best describes how Shelby placed the animals
into each category?
A) according to their genetic similarities
B) according to the locations of their habitats
C) according to their behavioral features
D) according to their structural features
9. Rather than using common names, scientists use binomial nomenclature when classifying organisms.
Which is an example of the correct use of binomial nomenclature when classifying humans?
A) human population
B) man and woman
C) human being
D) Homo sapiens
10. Most scientists recognize six kingdoms of organisms. The illustration below shows three organisms
that represent two kingdoms of organisms.
What is the main characteristic that is used to distinguish the members of each kingdom?
A) use of oxygen
B) cell number
C) method of nutrition
D) method of reproduction
1. Which cell part helps to control the materials that enter and leave a cell?
A) nucleus
B) cell wall
C) cytoplasm
D) cell membrane
2. The diagram below shows a plant cell.
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Which organelle in this cell uses light energy to make sugar?
A) 3
B) 1
C) 4
D) 2
3. Rob finds the illustration below on his science test. The test asks whether the illustration shows a
plant cell or an animal cell. Rob identifies the cell as an animal cell.
Which of the following explains how Rob knows this illustration is NOT a plant cell?
A) The cell is contains a nucleus.
B) The cell contains mitochondria.
C) The cell contains ribosomes.
D) The cell is not surrounded by a cell wall.
4. The diagram below shows an animal cell on the left and a plant cell on the right.
ANIMAL CELL
PLANT CELL
Which of the following conclusions can be made based on the diagram?
A) Plant cells and animal cells have some organelles in common.
B) Plant cells and animal cells contain all the same organelles.
C) The cell membrane is the outermost layer of both the plant and animal cell.
D) The organelles in both cells are concentrated in one area of the cytoplasm.
5. Some organelles are found in plant cells, but not in animal cells. Which of the following organelles
would likely be found in the cells of plants but not animals?
A) chloroplast
B) nucleus
C) Golgi complex
D) cytoplasm
6. The illustration below shows water entering a plant cell.
Which two structures are found at the outside of the cell?
A) cell wall and cell membrane
B) cell membrane and endoplasmic reticulum
C) nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum
D) cell wall and chloroplast
7. The diagram below shows a plant cell.
Which term should be written on the line to correctly label this organelle?
A) cell membrane
B) vacuole
C) chloroplast
D) mitochondrion
8. This illustration below shows a magnified view of a mitochondrion.
In which type of cell would you expect to find the greatest number of these organelles?
A) cheek
B) skin
C) bone
D) muscle
9. Helena wrote the names of organelles on index cards. She then wrote the functions of the organelles
on other index cards. Which of the following is a correct pair between the name and function of
organelles?
A) mitochondrion: captures light energy and uses it during photosynthesis
B) ribosome: makes proteins
C) cell wall: stores water and other liquids
D) nucleus: performs cellular respiration
10. Jorge made the following table based on his study of plant cells.
CELL ORGANELLES
Organelle
Function
Cell wall
Provides support and structure
Vacuole
Produces nutrients
Mitochondrion
Site of cellular respiration
Nucleus
Contains genetic information
Jorge made a mistake when making his table because he did not correctly describe the function of one
organelle. Which organelle’s function is NOT correct?
A) cell wall
B) vacuole
C) mitochondrion
D) nucleus
1. The picture below shows two tomatoes that were grown at the same time on different tomato plants.
All of the factors described below could account for the difference in the sizes of the tomatoes. Which
describes a way in which biotechnology could have caused this difference?
A) The plant on the left received more water.
B) The plant on the left was exposed to more hours of sunlight each day.
C) The plant on the left grew in an area with fewer pests.
D) The plant on the left is the result of selective breeding of plants with large fruit.
2. The picture below shows a step in the process of cloning.
Why is the removal of a cell’s nucleus a step in the cloning process?
A) The nucleus contains all of the functional parts of the cell.
B) The nucleus contains the genetic material.
C) The nucleus is the only structure that is duplicated during cloning.
D) The nucleus must be removed to expose the DNA in the cytoplasm.
3. Jackie was asked to prepare a report on biotechnology to share with her class. She decided to do her
research on the Internet. What should she search for in order to find examples of biotechnology to
include in her report?
A) examples of scientists studying biological processes to learn how they work
B) examples of scientists investigating biological processes in the laboratory
C) examples of scientists describing biological processes so others can learn about them
D) examples of scientists applying biological processes to solve problems or meet needs
4. Scientists carry out investigation in many fields of biology, including biotechnology. Which
investigation described below is most directly related to biotechnology?
A) Identifying a gene that can be transferred to make corn plants pest-resistant.
B) Investigating the enzymes that function in human digestion.
C) Determining how the number of organisms in an ecosystem changes due to pollution.
D) Observing the role of instincts in the survival of organisms.
5. Biotechnology is the application of biological processes to solve problems or to meet people’s needs.
Which of these is NOT an example of biotechnology?
A) artificial selection
B) genetic engineering
C) cloning
D) natural selection
6. Like all forms of technology, biotechnology can have advantages and disadvantages. Which would be
considered a disadvantage, or risk, of cloning?
A) Individual organisms with desirable traits can be duplicated.
B) Traits of clones can be predicted in advance.
C) Cloning reduces genetic variation.
D) Many organisms with desirable traits can be produced.
7. Genetic engineering is one type of biotechnology. Which of the following is an example of genetic
engineering?
A) A plant with desirable traits is crossed with another plant displaying the same traits.
B) A gene for pesticide resistance is inserted into a crop plant.
C) A plant that is successful at meeting its needs in its ecosystem survives and reproduces.
D) A genetic code of a desirable plant is used to produce many identical plants.
8. Over many years, cows have been bred to meet different needs. Some cows were bred to provide
large amounts of milk. Other cows were bred to produce beef. What process was most directly involved
in developing the differences between cows?
A) artificial selection
B) genetic engineering
C) cloning
D) natural selection
9. Biotechnology has been used throughout most of human history as people have bred plants and
animals to produce organisms with desired traits. In recent years, new forms of biotechnology such as
cloning and genetic engineering have been developed. Which best summarizes the impact of
biotechnology on society?
A) Biotechnology has risks but no benefits.
B) Biotechnology has benefits but no risks.
C) Biotechnology has neither risks nor benefits.
D) Biotechnology has both risks and benefits.
10. In some countries, food that contains genetically modified ingredients must state this fact on the
label. In other countries, the labels are not required. Which best summarizes why some countries
require genetically-modified foods to be labeled?
A) so the government can control what people eat
B) so individuals can make informed choices about their use of genetically-modified foods
C) so individuals can be warned of a hazard
D) so scientists can communicate their achievements in the field of biotechnology
1. Many of the ideas Darwin used to develop his theory of evolution by natural selection were
based upon his observations of birds, tortoises and other animals living in the Galápagos Islands.
The illustration below shows four different kinds of birds and identifies the type of food each
eats.
What conclusion can be made about these birds?
A) The birds inhabit the same geographic area.
B) Each bird is adapted to survive in its environment.
C) The birds depend upon the same food supply.
D) Each bird is the only animal species in its environment.
2. Evolution is responsible for the diversity of life that exists today. The illustration below shows some of
the diverse species that live in Florida and where in the state each species lives.
Which conclusion is supported by the information on the map?
A) Each species is adapted or suited to life in some types of environment but not others
B) The adaptations of each species enable it to live in all parts of the state.
C) Genetic factors contribute to evolution by natural selection.
D) Each species can survive in any environment as long as it remains unchanged.
3. Natural selection relates the adaptations organisms have to their fitness for survival within their
environment. According to the theory of evolution by natural selection, what must take place in an
environment in order for one characteristic of a species to be selected over another?
A) The environment must change in some way.
B) The environment must remain unchanged.
C) The environment must be suitable for all living things.
D) The environment must be cold.
4. Sheila wanted to explore the theory of evolution by natural selection by performing an experiment.
She tested the effectiveness of an antibiotic on bacteria. First, Shelia grew the bacteria in cultures. Next
she exposed a small number of bacteria from the cultures to different antibiotics and determined how
many of the bacteria survived in each group. Sheila then grew new cultures from the bacteria that
survived each antibiotic. She repeated the experiment by exposing bacteria from each new culture to
the same antibiotic that was used on the original population. Sheila discovered that the number of
bacteria resistant to each antibiotic increased. Which idea about natural selection explains Sheila’s
observations?
A) Organisms compete for limited resources and only the organisms that are best adapted to their
environment survive.
B) Organisms best suited to their environment will reproduce and pass their genetic traits to their
offspring.
C) Variations that exist within a population are likely to lead to extinction.
D) Organisms produce more offspring than can survive and these offspring compete for resources.
5. The process of natural selection is based on how organisms respond to changes in their environment.
The graph below shows length in a population of fish.
LENGTH IN A POPULATION OF FISH
Which of the following conclusions is supported by the graph?
A) There is a variation in the characteristics of the members of the population .
B) There is greater chance of survival for the larger members of the population.
C) There is an equal distribution of males and females in the population.
D) There is no variation among the members of the population.
6. All populations that reproduce sexually show genetic variations. In turn, genetic variations contribute
to evolution by natural selection. Which genetic variation will make animals more likely to survive in an
environment that becomes colder?
A) a stronger and thicker skeletal system
B) an ability to digest a variety of foods
C) a thicker layer of insulating fat tissue
D) better long-distance vision
7. In 1859, Charles Darwin proposed his theory of evolution based on natural selection. What
observation about the natural world does this theory explain?
A) how species change over time
B) how the fossil record was formed
C) how a species always retains its characteristics
D) how catastrophic events lead to extinctions
8. Some weed species have developed the ability to resist pesticides. How does the theory of evolution
by natural selection help to explain this ability?
A) Due to genetic variations, some weeds in the population had the ability to resist
pesticides.
B) The weeds developed pesticide-resistant variations because their survival depended on it.
C) As the weeds evolved, natural selection resulted in an unfavorable variation in a population.
D) In any population of weeds, some weeds will be naturally immune to all kinds of pesticides.
9. A population of deer lives in a warm climate. Some of the deer have thicker fur than others.
Construction of a road surrounded by tall sound barriers causes the deer population to be divided into
two separate groups. Many of the deer separated from the original environment move into a mountain
area that has a colder climate. What will eventually happen to the deer population that lives in the
mountains?
A) The deer that move into the mountains will likely die off from exposure to the cold and go extinct.
B) After many generations, most of the deer in the mountain population will have thick fur.
C) The deer population will migrate back to the warmer climate to join the original population.
D) After many generations, all the deer in the mountain population will have thin fur.
10. Marianne keeps all of her science notes on index cards. When she studied Charles Darwin’s theory of
evolution by natural selection, she recorded each idea that Darwin used to explain natural selection on a
separate index card. Unfortunately, Marianne dropped all of the cards that contain her science notes on
the floor. She picked up the cards and reorganized all but four of them. Which of the statements below
belongs with Marianne’s note cards on evolution by natural selection?
A) The fossil record shows that Earth’s organisms have become more complex over time.
B) Dinosaurs went extinct 65 million years ago, possibly as a result of an asteroid striking Earth.
C) Individuals with adaptations that make them best suited to their environment survive and reproduce.
D) In undisturbed sedimentary rock layers, older rock layers lay beneath younger rock layers.
All organisms have certain requirements that enable them to survive and reproduce. Which of the
following best describes a need of all organisms?
A) ability to move from place to place
B) sunlight to carry out the process of photosynthesis
C) a complete set of instructions that specifies its traits
D) oxygen to carry out cellular respiration
2. Every organism requires a set of instructions that specifies its traits. This information is carried within
the cells of the organism. Which set of statements best describes hereditary information in eukaryotic
cells?
A) Genes are made up of chromosomes. Chromosomes and genes are found in the cell’s nucleus.
B) Genes are made up of chromosomes. Chromosomes and genes are found in the cell’s cytoplasm.
C) Chromosomes are made up of genes. Chromosomes and genes are found in the cell’s nucleus.
D) Chromosomes are made up of genes. Chromosomes and genes are found in the cell’s cytoplasm.
3. Mark wrote down four statements about heredity. He wrote each statement on a different index card
and then shuffled the cards. He gave the four cards to Alicia and asked her to arrange them in the
proper order. Alicia looked at the cards that were arranged in the following order:
1. Each chromosome can contain many genes.
2. Each gene is made of DNA.
3. Each DNA molecule is made from chemical compounds known as nucleotides.
4. Each nucleus can contain many chromosomes.
How should Alicia order these four cards to show the correct sequence starting from the simplest level
of organization?
A) 2 ® 3 ® 1 ® 4
B) 4 ® 1 ® 2 ® 3
C) 3 ® 2 ® 1 ® 4
D) 2 ® 4 ® 1 ® 3
4. The traits present in one generation are passed to the next generation when organisms reproduce.
Which term means the passage of hereditary information from one generation to another?
A) heredity
B) chromosome
C) DNA
D) gene
5. Jeannie was studying heredity and drew the illustration shown below.
What is Jeannie showing with the dark lines inside each cell?
A) the chromosomes
B) the cell membrane
C) the organelles
D) the nucleus
6. Some organisms reproduce asexually and have only one parent. Others reproduce sexually and have
two parents. How does the genetic information of a new organism produced through sexual
reproduction compare to the genetic information of its parents?
A) It is opposite from its parents.
B) It is a blend of the genetic information of its parents.
C) It is an exact copy.
D) It is completely different.
7. The hereditary information of an organism is carried in the genes making up its DNA. What term
describes the structure of a DNA molecule?
A) double ladder
B) double helix
C) membrane-bound
D) straight chain
8. The illustration below shows a prokaryotic cell.
Which cell structure is indicated by the letter A?
A) DNA
B) organelles
C) nucleus
D) cell membrane
9. Mario was reading a book about heredity. What would be the best title for a chapter in this book?
A) Cell Organelles
B) How Cells Get Nutrients
C) The Structure of Mitochondria
D) The Structure of DNA
10. Every organism requires a set of instructions that specifies its traits. Which statement best describes
the hereditary information in a cell?
A) A gene, but not a chromosome, is made of DNA.
B) A gene, but not DNA, is passed on to the next generation.
C) Genes are located on the chromosomes.
D) Each chromosome contains a single gene
Organisms interact with organisms of different species. They also interact with individuals of the same
species. Which type of interaction is most likely to occur between two organisms of the same species?
A) competition
B) parasitism
C) predation
D) commensalism
2. The picture below shows organisms that have relationships with trees. For example, shelf fungus
receive water and nutrients from the tree, causing the tree to rot and eventually die over time.
What relationship exists between the shelf fungus and the tree?
A) competition
B) parasitism
C) commensalism
D) mutualism
3. Two types of relationships organisms can have are called mutualism and commensalism. Which of the
following best compares these two types of relationships?
A) In mutualism, two organisms benefit; whereas in commensalism, one organism benefits.
B) In mutualism, two organisms are harmed; whereas in commensalism, one organism benefits.
C) In mutualism, one organism is harmed; whereas in commensalism, two organisms are harmed.
D) In mutualism, one organism benefits; whereas in commensalism, two organisms benefit.
4. One type of interaction that can occur between organisms is a predator/prey relationship. How would
a prey species most likely be affected if disease killed most of the predator species?
A) The prey population would need to find other food.
B) The prey population would increase.
C) The prey population would start hunting the predators.
D) The prey population would no longer be able to live in the ecosystem.
5. In the Unites States, there has been a great decline in the size of honeybee populations. Scientists are
very concerned that this will cause a decrease in the populations of flowering plants. Using this
information, what type of relationship do honeybees and flowering plants have?
A) parasitic; honeybees are parasites of plants
B) commensalism; the honeybees benefit but the plants are not affected
C) mutualism; the honeybees and plants both benefit from the relationship
D) competition; the honeybees and the plants compete for resources
6. An introduced species is one that is accidentally or intentionally added to an ecosystem. Lionfish are
an introduced species originally from the Western Pacific Ocean that has the potential to harm Florida’s
coral reefs. Lionfish reproduce all year long and consume parrotfish, a beneficial species of fish that eats
algae. Over time, this may cause the reefs to be overgrown with algae. Which of the following best
describes the relationship between parrotfish and lionfish?
A) competition
B) predation
C) commensalism
D) mutualism
7. Students in Ms. Greene’s class observed the organisms in an ecosystem near the school. They made
this table classifying some of the relationships between organisms in the ecosystem, but they forgot to
add a label to each column of the table.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ORGANISMS
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ORGANISMS
A._____________
B._______________
mutualism
predation
parasitism
commensalism
What column heads should be added to the table?
A) A: Two Organisms Benefit, B: Two Organisms Harmed
B) A: Two Organisms Benefit, B: One Organism Benefits
C) A: One Organism Benefits, B: Two Organisms Benefit
D) A: One Organism Benefits, B: One Organism Harmed
8. The diagram below shows a mangrove food web.
MANGROVE FOOD WEB
Which pair of organisms in this food web competes for food?
A) mangrove leaves and bacteria
B) pelicans and snails
C) prawns and snails
D) small fish and phytoplankton
9. Honeybees eat nectar found in flowers. In the process of gathering nectar, bees carry pollen from
flower to flower. This allows the flowering plants to reproduce. Based on this information, what is the
best classification for the relationship between honeybees and flowering plants?
A) competition
B) parasitism
C) commensalism
D) mutualism
10. The graph below shows how the numbers of two different organisms in a forest changed over time.
The changes in population sizes can be used to make inferences about the relationship between wolves
and rabbits in this forest.
WOLF AND RABBIT POPULATIONS IN LOCAL FOREST
Based on the information in the graph, what is the most likely relationship between these organisms?
A) Wolves and rabbits have a mutualistic relationship.
B) Rabbits and wolves rely on the same food source.
C) The relationship between wolves and rabbits is commensalism.
D) Wolves are predators of rabbits
1. During photosynthesis, plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide (CO2), and water (H2O) to make
sugars and oxygen (O2). Which of the following best summarizes the energy transformation that
takes place in this process?
A) light energy -> chemical energy
B) light energy -> mechanical energy
C) heat energy -> chemical energy
D) chemical energy -> light energy
2. Most animals are capable of independent movement. This movement requires energy that animals
obtain from the foods they eat. Which of the following best summarizes the energy changes that enable
movement in animals?
A) chemical -> mechanical
B) light -> chemical
C) light -> mechanical
D) chemical -> light
3. The primary source of energy for most ecosystems is the sun. This energy is converted into chemical
energy by the producers in an ecosystem. The diagram below shows a food chain for a meadow
ecosystem.
MEADOW FOOD CHAIN
How does a food chain illustrate the law of conservation of energy?
A) It shows how energy stored in food moves from one organism to another.
B) It shows how sunlight is converted into the matter making up organisms.
C) It shows that the energy used by plants for photosynthesis disappears.
D) It shows that energy is destroyed by the last animal in the chain.
4. During photosynthesis, plants use the energy in sunlight to drive a chemical reaction that joins carbon
dioxide and water to produce oxygen and a sugar called glucose and oxygen. This process is summarized
in the illustration below.
What happens to the light energy that is used to carry out photosynthesis?
A) It is used up and destroyed during the chemical reaction.
B) It is given off as green light by the leaves of the plant.
C) It is changed into matter that is used to make new leaves.
D) It is converted into chemical energy that is stored in glucose and oxygen.
5. Living systems obey the law of conservation of mass. Which of the following statements supports the
main ideas of the law of conservation of mass?
A) The masses of the substances that take part in a chemical reaction are less than the masses of
the substances that are formed.
B) The masses of the substances that take part in a chemical reaction are equal to the masses of the
substances that are formed.
C) The substances that take part in a chemical reaction are the same as the substances that are
formed by the reaction.
D) The masses of the substances that take part in a chemical reaction are greater than the masses
of the substances formed by the reaction.
6. The law of conservation of mass states that matter is not created or destroyed in an ordinary
chemical reaction. The chart summarizes the process of photosynthesis. It also shows how many grams
of carbon dioxide and water take part in photosynthesis and how many grams of oxygen are produced
by the reaction.
SUMMARY OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Energy
0g
+
Carbon dioxide (CO2) +
Water
(H2O)
132 g
120 g
->
Glucose
(C6H12O6)
?
+
Oxygen
(O2)
76 g
Based on the information provided, how many grams of glucose are produced by this reaction?
A) 56
B) 176
C) 252
D) 328
7. Living systems obey the law of conservation of energy. Which of the following best summarizes the
law of conservation of energy?
A) Energy cannot be changed in form during a chemical reaction.
B) Energy can be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction.
C) Matter cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be changed in form.
D) Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change in form.
8. The law of conservation of matter states that matter can be changed in form during a chemical
reaction. What new forms of matter result from the carbon dioxide and water that are joined during
photosynthesis?
A) carbon dioxide and water
B) water and oxygen
C) oxygen and sugar
D) oxygen and carbon dioxide
9. Living systems follow the law of conservation of mass. Which of the following statements does NOT
summarize a key idea of this law?
A) Matter cannot be created during a chemical reaction.
B) Matter can change in form during a chemical reaction.
C) Matter can be created during a chemical reaction.
D) Matter is not destroyed during a chemical reaction.
10. The word equation below summarizes the process of cellular respiration.
Glucose (C6H12O6)+ Oxygen (O2) -> Carbon dioxide (CO2) + Water (H2O)+ Energy
Based on the information provided, what happens to the carbon contained in the glucose molecule
during this reaction?
A) It becomes part of the carbon dioxide that forms.
B) It is transformed into the energy that is released.
C) It is destroyed by the oxygen gas it combines with.
D) It becomes part of the water molecule that forms