Download Chapter 8: MUSCULAR SYSTEM (pp

Chapter 8: MUSCULAR SYSTEM (pp. 168- 201)
OVERVIEW
In conjunction with the skeletal system, the muscular system serves to move the body. This chapter
introduces the three types of muscle; the major events in contraction of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
muscles; the energy supply to muscle fiber for contraction; the occurrence of oxygen debt; and the process
of muscle fatigue. This chapter also describes the structure and function of a skeletal muscle; distinguishes
between a twitch and a sustained contraction; explains how various kinds of muscle contraction produce
body movements and maintain posture; shows how the location and interaction of muscles produce body
movements; identifies the location and action of major skeletal muscles.
The skeletal system can be thought of a s the passive partner in producing movement: think of the muscular
system as the active partner. This chapter explains how muscles interact with bones to maintain posture
and produce movement. In addition, it tells the characteristics and functions of skeletal, smooth, and
cardiac muscles. This knowledge is the foundation for the study of other organ systems, such as the
digestive, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems.
Upon the completion of this chapter, students will complete a journal of orthopedic conditions.
OBJECTIVES
After you have studied this chapter, you should be able to:
1. List various outcomes of muscular contractions.
2. Describe how connective tissue is part of a skeletal muscle.
3. Name the major parts of a skeletal muscle fiber, and describe the function of each.
4. Explain the major events of skeletal muscle fiber contraction.
5. Describe how oxygen debt develops and how a muscle may become fatigued.
6. Explain how the types of muscular contractions produce body movements and help maintain
posture.
7. Describe the locations and actions of the major skeletal muscles of each body region.
8. Explore etiology of orthopedic disorders.
VOCABULARY
1. MYOFIBRILS
2. MYOSIN
3. ACTIN
4. STRIATIONS
5. CREATINE PHOSPHATE
6. ACETYLCHOLINE
7. ATP
8. OXYGEN DEBT
9. THRESHOLD STIMULUS
10. ALL-OR-NONE RESPONSE
11. PRIME MOVER
12. SYNERGIST
13. AGONIST
14. ANTAGONIST
15. FASCIA
16. APONEUROSIS
17. MOTOR NEURON
18. MOTOR UNIT
19. MUSCLE IMPULSE
20. MYOGLOBIN
21. MUSCLE FATIGUE
22. RIGOR MORTIS
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
MYOGRAM
TWITCH
TETANIC CONTRACTION
MUSCLE TONE
PERISTALSIS
ORIGIN
INSERTION
DRAWINGS
1. Muscle booklet:
a. Title Page should include: Student name, Period, due date (Tues, Nov. 30 th)
b. Each page should have only one muscle and include the following information: name of
muscle, picture of muscle (drawn in pencil and colored), origin and insertion attachments,
and the action of the muscle (example of its function)
c. Muscles to include:
i. Honors: sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, pectoralis major, teres minor,
latissimus, dorsi, supraspinatus, deltoid, subscapularis, infraspinatus, biceps,
brachii, triceps brachii, external obliques, internal obliques, rectus abdominis,
gluteus maximus, sartorius, hamstring group, quadriceps group, gastrocnemius,
tibialis anterior
ii. Standard: pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, biceps brachii, triceps
brachii, rectus abdominis, gluteus maximus, hamstring group, quadriceps group,
gastrocnemius
ACTIVITIES
1. Exploring the Muscular System
2. Lab Report 19: Skeletal Muscle Structure
PROJECTS
1. Orthopedic Disorders (Due DateMonday, Dec. 6th)
a. Honors: Powerpoint
i. Slide 1: name of disorder; student name; period; due date
ii. Slide 2: General description
1. what anatomy is involved; is this an injury or a medical disorder; how often
does this disorder occur; is it specific to a certain gender, or age group,
profession, or race
iii. Slide 3: mechanism/ signs and symptoms of disorder
1. how does someone know they have this disorder; what tests will the doctor
do
iv. Slide 4:treatments
1. how does someone recover from this (rehab, surgery, meds); does a person
recover from this
v. One picture per slide to illustrate disorder
b. Standard: Poster (Due date Monday, Dec. 6th)
i. Front of poster should include:
1. name of disorder
2. description (injury or disease/ who does it affect most often?)
3. anatomy involved
4. signs and symptoms (how do you know you have this?)
5. mechanism (what caused it)
6. treatment (how do you get over it?)
7. Pictures (minimum of 3 pics)
ii. Back of poster should include
1. Student name
2. class period
3. due date
TEST
Chapter 8 Test