Download Organism

Principles of
Ecology
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What is Ecology??
• The study of interactions that
take place between organisms
and their environment.
• It explains how living organisms
affect each other and the world
they live in.
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Ecology Continued…
• The environment is composed of
many levels such as a biosphere,
which is the entire surface of the
earth and its organisms.
These are the combined portions of
the planets in which all life exists.
Includes trees, water, air, and
land.
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Question: What non-living things in your
environment do organisms interact with?
Environments include abiotic & biotic factors.
1. Abiotic: non-living parts of an organisms
environment (Examples include: temperature, light,
water, nutrients, & air currents)
Abiotic factors affect an organism’s life.
2. Biotic: all living organisms that inhabit an
environment. (Examples include: plants and animals)
 All organisms depend on others directly or
indirectly for food, shelter, reproduction, or
protection.
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Abiotic or Biotic?
Biotic
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Abiotic or Biotic?
Abiotic
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Abiotic or Biotic?
Abiotic
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Abiotic or Biotic?
Biotic
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Levels of
Organization
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What are the Simplest Levels?
• Atom
• Molecule
• Organelle
• Cell
• Tissue
• Organ
• System
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Levels of Organization
• Ecologists have organized the
interactions an organism takes part
in into different levels according to
complexity.
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Levels of Organization in Ecology
Species- group of organisms similar that may
interbreed together.
Population-group of organisms belong to the
same species & live in the same area.
Communities-group of different populations
living in a defined area.
Ecosystem-collections of all organisms living in
certain areas together.
Biome-geographical region with several
ecosystems that have similar climate &
communities.
Biosphere-the portion of the earth that
supports life.
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1st Level of Organization
• Organism:
An individual living
thing that is made
of cells, uses
energy, reproduces,
responds, grows,
and develops
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2nd Level of Organization
• Population:
A group of
organisms, all of
the same species,
which interbreed
and live in the
same place at the
same time.
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3rd Level of Organization
• Biological
Community:
All the populations
of different
species that live in
the same place at
the same time.
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4th Level of Organization
• Ecosystem:
Populations of plants
and animals that
interact with each
other in a given area
with the abiotic
components of that
area. (terrestrial
or aquatic)
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5th Level of Organization
• Biosphere:
The portion
of Earth
that
supports
life.
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The Biosphere
• Life is found in air, on land,
and in fresh and salt water.
• The BIOSPHERE is the
portion of Earth that
supports living things.
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What level of organization?
Organism
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What level of Organization?
Population
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What level of Organization?
Community
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Levels of Organization
• All organisms depend
on others for food,
shelter, reproduction,
or protection
• Cell  tissue  organ
system  organism
population  community
ecosystem  biosphere
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