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Mankind Who, When, Where, How ii DonReeder Spring16 PLATO 1 Chemistry in Action O2 Photosynthesis H2O+CO2 Carbohydrates mitochondria APT sugars H2O CO2 starches Protein Lipids Aminoacids (C,H,O,N..) Glycerol+++ RNA Singlestrand DNA Doublestrand Saturatedfatshavenodoublebonds Spring16 PLATO 2 Evolutionary Timeline DNA formed “Snowball” RNA forms One-celledorganisms (bacteria,archaea,....) t? Prions or(mis-)foldedproteins) (reproduction,butnoseparatetemplate) Nuclearmembrane Proteinsforminthehotoceans (somecapableofreproduction) ?? Spring16 PLATO 3 Abiogenesis Originoflifestilleludesus! Themodelnarrativemustinclude geophysical,chemical,andbiologicalpictures RNAworldhypothesis RNAmoleculeswouldhavebeenthebasisfor catalyzingorganicchemicalreactionsandselfreplication. Stabilizeandensure reproduction ofmutations. Spring16 PLATO 4 Experimental Abiogenesis Miller-Urey 1952 UCSanDiego Spring16 PLATO 5 Evolution of Life FirstRNAlife? Spring16 PLATO Science311(5765): 1283-7 6 Template DNAisastringofcarbonsugarandphosphategroupswhichactas abackbonetowhichbasesareattached.Therearefour kindsof thesebases(nucleotides) (adenine,guanine,cytosine,thymine) Pairing (adenine– thymine)...2hydrogenbonds (cytosine– guanine)...3hydrogenbonds DNA chromosome nucleosome Sequence gene– asequenceofnucleotides(RNA/DNA) codingtheconstructionofaprotein alleles– alternativeformsofthesamegene Spring16 PLATO 7 Template (DNA) DNAisastringofcarbonsugarandphosphategroupswhichactasabackbone towhichbasesareattached.Therearefourkindsofthesebases(nucleotides) (adenine,guanine,cytosine,thymine) ThomasShafee 9additionals(proteins)areneeded: start,end,unwind,replicate Spring16 PLATO 8
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