Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the work of artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Muscle Tables 2010
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript
BIOL 203 Muscle Tables Muscles of Facial Expression All are innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII) Muscle Frontalis Origin Galea aponeurotica Insertion Skin of eyebrows and root of nose Action Raises eyebrows; wrinkles forehead Occipitalis Occipital and temporal bone Frontal and maxillary bones Maxilla and mandible Arises indirectly from the maxilla and mandible Mandible Galea aponeurotica Pulls scalp posterioly Tissue of the eyelid Produces blinking, squinting, and draws eyebrows inferiorly Compresses the cheek (as in whistling) Closes the lips; purses and protrudes the lips, as in whistling and kissing Protrudes lower lip; wrinkles the chin Orbicularis oculi Buccinator Orbicularis oris Mentalis Muscle Masseter Orbicularis oris Encircles the mouth, inserts onto skin and muscles at lateral corners of mouth Skin of the chin Muscles of Mastication (Chewing) All are innervated by the trigeminal nerve (CN V) Origin Zygomatic arch Insertion Action Innervation Mandible Elevates mandible Trigeminal nerve (CN V) Temporalis Occipital and temporal bones Mandible Elevates mandible Trigeminal nerve (CN V) 87 Innervation Facial nerve (CN VII) Facial nerve (CN VII) Facial nerve (CN VII) Facial nerve (CN VII) Facial nerve (CN VII) Facial nerve (CN VII) Muscles of the Neck and Back All are innervated by spinal nerves except sternocleidomastoid Muscle Splenius Origin Vertebrae C7-T6 Insertion Temporal and occipital bone Action Acting together extend the head; acting alone head is rotated and bent toward the same side Innervation Cpinal nerves Sternocleidomastoid Sternum and clavicle Mastoid process of the temporal bone Acting together flex the head; acting alone rotates head toward the opposite shoulder Accessory nerve (CN XI) Semispinalis Vertebrae C7-T12 Occipital bone and cervical and thoracic vertebrae (to T4) Extends vertebral column and head, rotates to opposite side Spinal nerves Erector spinae group – prime movers of back extension, arranged as three vertically running columns from medial to lateral: Spinalis (most medial) Upper lumbar to lower thoracic vertebrae Upper thoracic to cervical vertebrae Extends vertebral column Longissimus (intermediate) Lumbar through cervical vertebrae Thoracic through cervical vertebrae and rib Extend and laterally flex vertebral column Iliocostalis (lateral) Iliac crests and inferior 3 to 6 ribs Ribs cervical vertebrae Extend and laterally flex vertebral column 88 Spinal nerves Muscles of the Thorax Relating to Respiratory Movements All are innervated by intercostal nerves except the respiratory diaphragm Muscle External intercostals Origin Inferior boarder of the rib above Insertion Superior boarder of the rib below Action Elevates rib cage, assists in forced inspiration Internal intercostals Superior boarder of the rib below Inferior boarder of the rib above Depress the rib cage, assists in forced expiration Respiratory diaphragm Rib cage, sternum, and lumbar vertebrae Central tendon Prime mover of inspiration Innervation Intercostal nerves Phrenic nerve Muscles of the Thorax Relating to Movements of the Scapula Muscle Pectoralis minor Origin Ribs 3-5 Insertion Scapula Action Innervation Stabilizes scapula by drawing Pectoral nerves it forward and down ward Serratus anterior Ribs 1-8 Scapula Protracts and holds scapula against the thoracic wall Long thoracic nerve Trapezius Superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, and vertebrae C7 through T12 Clavicle, scapula Elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula Accessory nerve (CN XI) Levator scapulae Vertebrae C1 through C4 Scapula Elevates the scapula Cervical spinal nerves and dorsal scapular nerve Rhomboids Vertebrae C7 through T5 Scapula Retracts and stabilizes scapula Dorsal scapular nerve 89 Muscles Acting on the Arm Anterior Group Muscle Pectoralis major Origin Sternum, costal cartilages, and clavicle Insertion Humerus Action Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm Innervation Pectoral nerves Deltoid (anterior fibers) Clavicle (scapula for lateral and posterior fibers) Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Flexes, extends, abducts, and medially rotates arm Axillary nerve Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii Long head Short head Scapula Scapula Humerus Flexes and adducts arm Musculocutaneous Radius Weak shoulder flexion (also flexes the elbow and supinates forearm) Musculocutaneous Muscles Acting on the Arm Posterior Group Muscle Deltoid (lateral and posterior part) Supraspinatus* Origin Scapula Insertion Humerus Scapula Infraspinatus* Scapula Teres minor* Scapula Subscapularis* Scapula Teres major Scapula Greater tubercle of the humerus Greater tubercle of the humerus Greater tubercle of the humerus Lesser tubercle of the humerus Humerus Triceps brachii long head Latissimuss Dorsi Scapula Ulna Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, ribs, iliac crest Humerus *SITS = muscles of the rotator cuff, major stabilizer of the shoulder joint 90 Action Flexes, extends, abducts, and laterally rotates arm Assists in arm abduction, stabilizes shoulder joint Laterally rotates arm, stabilizes shoulder joint Laterally rotates arm, stabilizes shoulder joint Medially rotates arm, stabilizes shoulder joint Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm Extends and assists in arm adduction Innervation Axillary nerve Extends, adducts and medially rotates arm Thoracodorsal nerve Suprascapular nerve Suprascapular nerve Axillary nerve Subscapular nerve Subscapular nerve Radial nerve Muscles Acting on the Forearm Anterior flexor compartment Muscle Biceps brachii Origin Scapula Insertion Radius Action Flex and supinate forearm Innervation Bracialis Humerus Ulna Flex forearm Pronator Teres Humerus and proximal ulna Midradius Pronates forearm Median nerve Brachioradialis Humerus Radius Flexes forearm Radial nerve Muculocutaneous nerve Muscles Acting on the Forearm Posterior extensor compartment All are innervated by the radial nerve Muscle Triceps brachii Origin Long head Scapula Lateral head Humerus Medial head Humerus Supinator Humerus and ulna 91 Insertion Action Innervation Ulna Extends forearm at elbow Radial nerve Midradius Supinates forearm Muscles Acting on the Wrist and Hand Anterior flexor compartment Muscle Palmaris longus Origin Medial epicondyle of the humerus Insertion Palmar aponeurosis Action Flex wrist Innervation Median nerve Flexor carpi ulnaris Medial epicondyle of the humerus and ulna Fifth metacarpal and pisiform and hammate Flex wrist, adducts hand Ulnar nerve Flexor carpi radialis Medial epicondyle of the humerus Second and third metacarpal Flex wrist, abducts hand Median nerve Flexor digitorum superficialis Medial epicondyle of the humerus, ulna, and radius Phalanges of fingers 2-5 Flexes wrist and middle phlanges of fingers 2-5 Median nerve Flexor digitorum profundus Ulna Phalanges of fingers 2-5 Flexor pollicis longus Radius Thumb Flexes distal and proximal interphalangeqal joint, metacarpophalangeal joint, and wrist Flexes distal phalanx of the thumb Median (lateral half) and ulnar (medial half) nerves Median nerve Muscles Acting on the Wrist and hand Posterior extensor compartment All are innervated by the radial nerve Muscle Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digitorum Origin Lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion Second metacarpal Action Extends and abducts wrist Third metacarpal Extends and abducts wrist Fifth metacarpal Extends and adducts wrist Phalanges of fingers 2-5 Prime mover of finger extension, extends wrist 92 Innervation Radial nerve Muscles of the Anterior and Lateral Abdominal Wall All are innervated by intercostal nerves Muscle External abdominal oblique Origin Lower 8 ribs Insertion Linea alba Action Rotates vertebral column and compresses abdominal contents Internal abdominal oblique Iliac crest Linea alba Rotates vertebral column and compresses abdominal contents Rectus abdominus Pubis Xiphoid process and ribs Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal contents Transversus abdominus Last 6 ribs and iliac crest Linea alba Compresses abdominal contents Innervation Intercostal nerves 93 Hip Flexors Anterior compartment All are innervated by the femoral nerve Muscle Iliacus Origin Ilium Insertion Femur Action Flexes thigh Innervation Psoas Lumbar vertebrae Femur Flexes thigh Rectus femoris Ilium Tibia Flexes thigh (and extends knee) Sartorius Ilium Tibia Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the thigh (“tailor’s muscle”) Pectineus Pubis Femur Flexes, adducts and medially rotates thigh Femoral nerve Hip Extensors Posterior compartment All are innervated by the sciatic nerve (except for gluteus maximus) Have an origin on the ischial tuberosity (except for the gluteus maximus) Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris are collectively known as the hamstrings Muscle Gluteus maximus Origin Ilium and sacrum Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps femoris Ischial tuberosity Insertion Gluteal tuberosity of the femur Action Extends, abducts and laterally rotates thigh Tibia Extends thigh; flexes knee Innervation Inferior gluteal nerve Sciatic nerve Tibia Fibula 94 Hip Adductors Medial compartment All are innervated by the obturator nerve (except for the pectinius) Have an origin on the ishium and/or pubis Insert onto the medial aspect of the femur (except for the gracilis) Muscle Adductor magnus Origin Ischiopubic ramus Insertion Femur Action Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh Adductor longus Pubis Femur Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh Adductor brevis Pubis Femur Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh Pectineus Pubis Femur Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh Femoral nerve Gracilis Ischiopubic ramus Tibia Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh; flexes knee Obturator nerve Hip Abductors Lateral compartment All are innervated by the superior gluteal nerve Have an origin on the ilium Insert onto the greater trochanter of the femur (except for the tensor fasciae latae) Muscle Gluteus medius Origin Insertion Femur Gluteus minimus Ilium Femur Tensor fasciae latae Innervation Obturator nerve Iliotibial tract Action Abducts and aids in medial rotation of the thigh Innervation Superior gluteal nerve Abducts, flexes, and aids in medial rotation of the thigh 95 Extensors of the Knee Anterior compartment All are innervated by the femoral nerve Insert onto the tibial tuberosity All four muscles are collectively known as the the quadriceps femoris Muscle Rectus femoris* Origin Ilium Insertion Tibial tuberosity Vastus lateralis Proximal femur Action Extends knee (rectus femoris also flexes thigh) Innervation Femoral nerve Vastus intermedius Vastus medialis Muscle Semitendinosus Flexors of the Knee Posterior compartment All are innervated by the sciatic nerve (except for gracilis) Have an origin on the ischial tuberosity (except for the gracilis) Origin Ischial tuberosity Insertion Tibia Semimembranosus Tibia Biceps femoris Fibula Gracilis Ischiopubic ramus Action Flexes knee Tibia Innervation Sciatic nerve Obturator nerve 96 Plantar Flexors And Inverters of the Foot Posterior crural compartment All are innervated by the tibial nerve Muscle Gastrocnemius Origin Femur Insertion Calcaneous Action Plantar flexes foot (and can flex knee when foot is dorsiflexed) Plantar flexes foot Soleus Tibia and Fibula Calcaneous Tibialis posterior Tibia and Fibula Flexor digitorum longus Tibia Medial cuniform and navicular Phalanges of toes 2-5 Innervation Tibial nerve Plantar flexes and inverts foot Plantar flexes and inverts foot, flexes toes Plantar Flexors And Everters of the Foot Lateral compartment All are innervated by the superficial fibular nerve Muscle Fibularis (peroneus) longus Origin fibula Insertion Fifth metatarsal Action Plantar flexes and everts foot Fibularis (peroneus) brevis Innervation Superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve Dorsiflexors of the foot Anterior compartment All are innervated by the deep fibular (peroneal nerve) Muscle Tibialis anterior Origin Tibia Insertion Medial cuniform and dorsal surface first metatarsal Extensor digitorum longus Tibia and fibula Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5 Toe extension, dorsiflexes foot Extensor hallucis longus Fibula Distal phalanx of great toe Extends great toe, dorsiflexes foot 97 Action Dorsiflexes and inverts foot Innervation Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve 98
Related documents