Download 09_QuizShowQuestions

Chapter 9 – The Muscular System: Skeletal Muscle Tissue and
Muscle Organization
Muscle
Contraction
Motor Unit
and Muscle
Fiber Types
Muscle Fiber
Organization
& Muscle
Terminology
Levers &
Pulleys / Aging
Effects on
Muscles
$100
$100
$100
$100
$100
$200
$200
$200
$200
$200
$300
$300
$300
$300
$300
$400
$400
$400
$400
$400
$500
$500
$500
$500
$500
Anatomy of
Skeletal
Muscles
FINAL ROUND
Topic 1:
$100 Question
Which of the following connective tissues
divides the muscle into a series of internal
compartments with fascicles?
a. epimysium
b. endomysium
c. aponeuroses
d. perimysium
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$100 Answer
Which of the following connective tissues
divides the muscle into a series of internal
compartments with fascicles?
a. epimysium
b. endomysium
c. aponeuroses
d. perimysium
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$200 Question
Which protein type holds the F-actin strand
together in each thin filament?
a. actinins
b. nebulin
c. titin
d. G-actin
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$200 Answer
Which protein type holds the F-actin strand
together in each thin filament?
a. actinins
b. nebulin
c. titin
d. G-actin
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$300 Question
Each myofibril consists of a linear series of
approximately how many sarcomeres?
a. 100
b. 1000
c. 10,000
d. 100,000
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$300 Answer
Each myofibril consists of a linear series of
approximately how many sarcomeres?
a. 100
b. 1000
c. 10,000
d. 100,000
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$400 Question
Which of the following statements regarding
thin filaments is false?
a. Each thin filament consists of a twisted strand 56 μm in diameter and 1 μm in length.
b. A slender strand of the protein “nebulin” holds
the F-actin strand together.
c. At either end of the sarcomere, the thin
filaments are attached to the Z line (Z disk).
d. None of the above statements is false.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$400 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding thin
filaments is false?
a. Each thin filament consists of a twisted strand 56 μm in diameter and 1 μm in length.
b. A slender strand of the protein “nebulin” holds
the F-actin strand together.
c. At either end of the sarcomere, the thin
filaments are attached to the Z line (Z disk).
d. None of the above statements is false.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$500 Question
Which of the following statements regarding the
protein “titin” is/are true?
a. Each thin filament has a core of titin.
b. On either side of the M line, a strand of titin
extends the length of the filament and continues
to an attachment at the Z line.
c. The portion of the titin strand exposed within
the I band is highly elastic and will recoil after
stretching.
ANSWER
d. B and C
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$500 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding the
protein “titin” is/are true?
a. Each thin filament has a core of titin.
b. On either side of the M line, a strand of titin
extends the length of the filament and
continues to an attachment at the Z line.
c. The portion of the titin strand exposed within
the I band is highly elastic and will recoil
after stretching.
d. b and c
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$100 Question
The ability of a muscle to contract over a range
of resting lengths is known as the property of:
a. contraction
b. extensibility
c. elasticity
d. excitability
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$100 Answer
The ability of a muscle to contract over a range
of resting lengths is known as the property of:
a. contraction
b. extensibility
c. elasticity
d. excitability
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$200 Question
Which of the following statements does not accurately apply to
the process of muscular contraction?
a. The sarcoplasmic reticulum releases stored calcium
ions during the initiation of contraction.
b. Calcium ions bind to tropomyosin, producing a
change in the orientation of the troponintropomyosin complex that exposes active sites on
the thin filament.
c. When calcium ion concentrations approach normal
resting levels, the troponin-tropomyosin complex
returns to its normal position.
d. Filament sliding and muscle fiber shortening are a
result of repeated cycles of across-bridge binding,
pivoting and detachment.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$200 Answer
Which of the following statements does not accurately apply to
the process of muscular contraction?
a. The sarcoplasmic reticulum releases stored calcium
ions during the initiation of contraction.
b. Calcium ions bind to tropomyosin, producing a
change in the orientation of the troponintropomyosin complex that exposes active sites on
the thin filament.
c. When calcium ion concentrations approach normal
resting levels, the troponin-tropomyosin complex
returns to its normal position.
d. Filament sliding and muscle fiber shortening are a
result of repeated cycles of across-bridge binding,
pivoting and detachment.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$300 Question
Which of the following statements regarding the start of a
contraction is false?
a. The immediate trigger for contraction is the
appearance of free calcium ions in the sarcoplasm.
b. Electrical events at the sarcolemmal surface cause a
contraction by triggering the release of calcium ions
from the T tubules.
c. Calcium ions diffuse into the zone of overlap, where
they bind to troponin.
d. The contraction begins after the position of the
tropomyosin strand has been altered, exposing the
active sites on the actin molecules for cross-bridge
binding.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$300 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding the start of a
contraction is false?
a. The immediate trigger for contraction is the
appearance of free calcium ions in the sarcoplasm.
b. Electrical events at the sarcolemmal surface cause a
contraction by triggering the release of calcium ions
from the T tubules.
c. Calcium ions diffuse into the zone of overlap, where
they bind to troponin.
d. The contraction begins after the position of the
tropomyosin strand has been altered, exposing the
active sites on the actin molecules for cross-bridge
binding.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$400 Question
Which of the following statements regarding the end of a
contraction is true?
a. The duration of the contraction is usually
independent of the duration of electrical stimulation.
b. If the electrical stimulation ceases, the transverse
tubules will recapture the calcium ions.
c. Muscle contraction is a passive process since
muscles cannot push; they can only pull.
d. The change in calcium permeability at the terminal
cisternae is temporary, so additional electrical
impulses must be conducted along the T tubules if
the contraction is to continue.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$400 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding the end of a
contraction is true?
a. The duration of the contraction is usually
independent of the duration of electrical stimulation.
b. If the electrical stimulation ceases, the transverse
tubules will recapture the calcium ions.
c. Muscle contraction is a passive process since
muscles cannot push; they can only pull.
d. The change in calcium permeability at the terminal
cisternae is temporary, so additional electrical
impulses must be conducted along the T tubules if
the contraction is to continue.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$500 Question
Which of the following statements regarding the effect of
sarcomere length on tension is incorrect?
a. When sarcomeres are too short, contractions cannot
occur because either the thick filaments come in
contact with Z lines, or the thin filaments overlap
across the center of the sarcomere.
b. The tension produced by a contracting skeletal
muscle fiber reaches a maximum when the zone of
overlap is large and the thin filaments extend across
the center of the sarcomere.
c. If the sarcomeres are stretched too far, the zone of
overlap is reduced, or disappears, and the crossbridge interactions are reduced or cannot occur.
d. None of the above statements is incorrect.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$500 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding the effect of
sarcomere length on tension is incorrect?
a. When sarcomeres are too short, contractions cannot
occur because either the thick filaments come in
contact with Z lines, or the thin filaments overlap
across the center of the sarcomere.
b. The tension produced by a contracting skeletal
muscle fiber reaches a maximum when the zone of
overlap is large and the thin filaments extend across
the center of the sarcomere.
c. If the sarcomeres are stretched too far, the zone of
overlap is reduced, or disappears, and the crossbridge interactions are reduced or cannot occur.
d. None of the above statements is incorrect.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$100 Question
Which of the following is/are not characteristic of
slow fibers?
a. They have high myoglobin content.
b. They contain a relatively large number of
mitochondria.
c. The tension produced by their muscle fibers
is very high, resulting in powerful
contractions.
d. Their fiber diameter is small compared to
that of fast fibers.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$100 Answer
Which of the following is/are not characteristic of
slow fibers?
a. They have high myoglobin content.
b. They contain a relatively large number of
mitochondria.
c. The tension produced by their muscle fibers
is very high, resulting in powerful
contractions.
d. Their fiber diameter is small compared to
that of fast fibers.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$200 Question
Which of the following statements regarding motor units and
muscle control is false?
a. The amount of tension produced when a skeletal
muscle contracts depends on (1) the frequency of
stimulation; and (2) the number of motor units
involved.
b. Each muscle fiber experiences a range of
contraction, since not all of the fibers in a motor unit
contract at the same time.
c. When a decision is made to perform a movement,
specific groups of motor neurons are stimulated.
d. The size of a motor unit is an indication of how fine
the control of movement can be.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$200 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding motor units and
muscle control is false?
a. The amount of tension produced when a skeletal
muscle contracts depends on (1) the frequency of
stimulation; and (2) the number of motor units
involved.
b. Each muscle fiber experiences a range of
contraction, since not all of the fibers in a motor unit
contract at the same time.
c. When a decision is made to perform a movement,
specific groups of motor neurons are stimulated.
d. The size of a motor unit is an indication of how fine
the control of movement can be.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$300 Question
Which of the following statements refer(s) to white
fibers?
a. They are specialized to continue contracting
for long periods without fatigue.
b. They contain densely packed myofibrils.
c. They contain relatively few mitochondria.
d. b and c
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$300 Answer
Which of the following statements refer(s) to white
fibers?
a. They are specialized to continue contracting
for long periods without fatigue.
b. They contain densely packed myofibrils.
c. They contain relatively few mitochondria.
d. b and c
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$400 Question
Which type of muscle has the most extensive
capillary network, relative to other muscle types?
a. Skeletal muscles containing slow muscle
fibers.
b. Skeletal muscles containing fast muscle
fibers.
c. Skeletal muscles containing intermediate
muscle fibers.
d. Skeletal muscles containing large glycogen
reserves.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$400 Answer
Which type of muscle has the most extensive
capillary network, relative to other muscle types?
a. Skeletal muscles containing slow muscle
fibers.
b. Skeletal muscles containing fast muscle
fibers.
c. Skeletal muscles containing intermediate
muscle fibers.
d. Skeletal muscles containing large glycogen
reserves.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$500 Question
Which of the following statements regarding
fast skeletal muscle fibers is true?
a. They have low fatigue resistance.
b. They are white in color.
c. They have few mitochondria.
d. All of the above are true.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$500 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding
fast skeletal muscle fibers is true?
a. They have low fatigue resistance.
b. They are white in color.
c. They have few mitochondria.
d. All of the above are true.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$100 Question
A long muscle that extends the fingers, the
extensor digitorum muscle, has all of the
muscle cells on the same side of the tendon.
This is known as which type of skeletal muscle
organization?
a. bipennate
b. unipennate
c. multipennate
d. parallel
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$100 Answer
A long muscle that extends the fingers, the
extensor digitorum muscle, has all of the
muscle cells on the same side of the tendon.
This is known as which type of skeletal muscle
organization?
a. bipennate
b. unipennate
c. multipennate
d. parallel
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$200 Question
A parallel skeletal muscle 6.45 cm2 (1 in2) in
cross-sectional area can develop approximately
how much tension?
a. 2.3 kg (5 lb)
b. 23 kg (50 lb)
c. 46 kg (100 lb)
d. 230 kg (500 lb)
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$200 Answer
A parallel skeletal muscle 6.45 cm2 (1 in2) in
cross-sectional area can develop approximately
how much tension?
a. 2.3 kg (5 lb)
b. 23 kg (50 lb)
c. 46 kg (100 lb)
d. 230 kg (500 lb)
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$300 Question
Regarding muscle terminology, which of the
following terms indicates that the muscle if
“pear-shaped”?
a. piriformis
b. splenius
c. serratus
d. teres
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$300 Answer
Regarding muscle terminology, which of the
following terms indicates that the muscle if
“pear-shaped”?
a. piriformis
b. splenius
c. serratus
d. teres
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$400 Question
Which of the following statements regarding origins
and insertions is false?
a. If there are several tendons at one end and
just one at the other, there are multiple
origins and a single insertion.
b. If a muscle extends between a broad
aponeurosis and a narrow tendon, the tendon
is considered to be the origin, and the
aponeurosis is attached to the insertion.
c. Both statements are false.
ANSWER
d. Neither statement is false.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$400 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding origins
and insertions is false?
a. If there are several tendons at one end and
just one at the other, there are multiple
origins and a single insertion.
b. If a muscle extends between a broad
aponeurosis and a narrow tendon, the tendon
is considered to be the origin, and the
aponeurosis is attached to the insertion.
c. Both statements are false.
d. Neither statement is false.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$500 Question
Synergists may assist agonists by preventing
movement at a joint, and thereby stabilizing
the origin of the agonist; these muscles are
called:
a. antagonists
b. reverse agonists
c. prime movers
d. fixators
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$500 Answer
Synergists may assist agonists by preventing
movement at a joint, and thereby stabilizing
the origin of the agonist; these muscles are
called:
a. antagonists
b. reverse agonists
c. prime movers
d. fixators
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$100 Question
Which of the following is/(are) an example/(s)
of “anatomical pulleys?”
a. lateral malleolus of fibula
b. patella
c. capitulum of humerus
d. a and b
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$100 Answer
Which of the following is/(are) an example/(s)
of “anatomical pulleys?”
a. lateral malleolus of fibula
b. patella
c. capitulum of humerus
d. a and b
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$200 Question
In which lever class is the resistance located
between the applied force and the fulcrum?
a. first-class levers
b. second-class levers
c. third-class levers
d. anatomical pulleys
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$200 Answer
In which lever class is the resistance located
between the applied force and the fulcrum?
a. first-class levers
b. second-class levers
c. third-class levers
d. anatomical pulleys
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$300 Question
Which of the following effects of aging on the
muscular system is inaccurate?
a. The amount of fibrous tissue decreases with
age, resulting in limited repair capabilities.
b. Skeletal muscles develop fibrosis, making
the muscle less flexible and less elastic.
c. A lower tolerance for exercise results in part
form the reduction in the ability to eliminate
the heat generated during muscular
contraction.
d. Skeletal muscle fibers’ diameter decrease in
size, primarily due to a reduction in the
number of myofibrils. ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$300 Answer
Which of the following effects of aging on the
muscular system is inaccurate?
a. The amount of fibrous tissue decreases with
age, resulting in limited repair capabilities.
b. Skeletal muscles develop fibrosis, making
the muscle less flexible and less elastic.
c. A lower tolerance for exercise results in part
form the reduction in the ability to eliminate
the heat generated during muscular
contraction.
d. Skeletal muscle fibers’ diameter decrease in
size, primarily due to a reduction in the
number of myofibrils.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$400 Question
Which of the following statements regarding aging and the
muscular system is false?
a. Regular exercise is more important than extremely
demanding exercise in maintaining a healthy
musculoskeletal system.
b. The number of myosatellite cells steadily decrease
with age.
c. Fibrosis makes muscles less flexible, and collagen
fibers can restrict movement and circulation.
d. The rate of decline in muscular performance is
different in all individuals, depending upon exercise
patterns and lifestyle.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$400 Answer
Which of the following statements regarding aging and the
muscular system is false?
a. Regular exercise is more important than extremely
demanding exercise in maintaining a healthy
musculoskeletal system.
b. The number of myosatellite cells steadily decrease
with age.
c. Fibrosis makes muscles less flexible, and collagen
fibers can restrict movement and circulation.
d. The rate of decline in muscular performance is
different in all individuals, depending upon exercise
patterns and lifestyle.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$500 Question
The muscles which extend the neck are examples of which
type of lever?
a. first-class lever, in which the fulcrum lies between
the applied force and the resistance
b. second-class lever, in which the resistance is located
between the applied force and the fulcrum
c. third-class lever, in which the force is applied
between the applied force and the fulcrum
d. first-class lever, in which the resistance is located
between the applied force and the fulcrum
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$500 Answer
The muscles which extend the neck are examples of which
type of lever?
a. first-class lever, in which the fulcrum lies between
the applied force and the resistance
b. second-class lever, in which the resistance is located
between the applied force and the fulcrum
c. third-class lever, in which the force is applied
between the applied force and the fulcrum
d. first-class lever, in which the resistance is located
between the applied force and the fulcrum
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Question
Identify the correct sequence of steps in the initiation of a muscle contraction:
1 - Calcium ions bind to troponin, producing a change in the orientation of the
troponin-tropomyosin complex that exposes the active sites on the thin filaments.
2 – The change in transmembrane potential of the muscle fiber leads to the
production of an action potential that spreads across its entire surface and along the
T tubules.
3 – Repeated cycles of cross-bridge binding, pivoting, and detachment occur,
powered by the hydrolysis of ATP.
4 – The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) releases stored calcium ions, increasing the
calcium concentration of the sarcoplasm in and around the sarcomere.
5 – At the neuromuscular synapse, ACh released by the synaptic terminal binds to
receptors on the sarcolemma.
a.
b.
c.
d.
2-4-5-1-3
2-4-1-3-5
5-2-4-1-3
5-4-2-1-3
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Answer
Identify the correct sequence of steps in the initiation of a muscle contraction:
1 - Calcium ions bind to troponin, producing a change in the orientation of the
troponin-tropomyosin complex that exposes the active sites on the thin filaments.
2 – The change in transmembrane potential of the muscle fiber leads to the
production of an action potential that spreads across its entire surface and along the
T tubules.
3 – Repeated cycles of cross-bridge binding, pivoting, and detachment occur,
powered by the hydrolysis of ATP.
4 – The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) releases stored calcium ions, increasing the
calcium concentration of the sarcoplasm in and around the sarcomere.
5 – At the neuromuscular synapse, ACh released by the synaptic terminal binds to
receptors on the sarcolemma.
a.
b.
c.
d.
2-4-5-1-3
2-4-1-3-5
5-2-4-1-3
5-4-2-1-3
BACK TO GAME