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Muscular System
Part 2: Muscles of the Arm, Leg, Face, Torso, and Neck
Name:_______________________________________________________Date:_________________Block:_____________
Classification of Muscle Group Actions
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Agonist (Prime Mover)
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Muscle most responsible for
__________________________________________________
Antagonist
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Opposes __________________________________________________
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Provides __________________________________________________and _________________________________________
during prime mover contraction
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Relaxes when ____________________________________________________________________________
Synergist
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Aid prime mover
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Contracts __________________________________________________
Muscles of the Arm (Anterior)
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Deltoid: muscle forming the __________________________________________________________________________________________
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Pectoralis major: __________________________________________________________________muscle, situated at the chest
(anterior) of the human body; moves __________________________________________________
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Biceps brachii: __________________________________________________muscle that lies on the upper arm between the
shoulder and the elbow; __________________________________________________
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Brachialis: muscle in the upper arm that flexes the __________________________________________________
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Brachioradialis: muscle of the forearm that flexes the __________________________________________________; capable
of both ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Palmaris longus: muscle starts up near the ________________________________ and runs across the middle of the
______________________________________; flexes ____________________________________
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Flexor carpi ulnaris: muscle of the human forearm that acts to __________________________________________________
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Flexor carpi radialis: muscle of the human forearm that acts to ________________________________________________
Muscles of the Arm (Posterior)
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Triceps brachii: muscle (________________________________________) on the back of the upper arm; moves
_______________________________________
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Anconeus: small __________________________________________________ connecting the medial side of the ulna to the
lateral side of the humerus; extends __________________________________________________
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Extensor carpi radialis longus: found on the __________________________________________________ side of
the humerus, and attaching to the base of metacarpal 2 (pointer finger)
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Extensor carpi radialis brevis: found on the lateral side of the humerus, running alongside the radius;
__________________________________________________
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Extensor digitorium: extends the __________________________________________________ (phalanges) of the hand
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Extensor digiti minimi: muscle of the forearm that extends __________________________________________________
(pinky finger!)
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Extensor carpi ulnaris: __________________________________________________
Anterior Upper Leg Muscles
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Quadriceps: __________________________________________________ muscle made up of the ______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________; moves lower leg
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Sartorius: assists in flexing, weak abduction and lateral rotation of the hip, and flexion of knee
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Gracilis: originates at the _______________________________________________ and extends down to the ________________;
responsible for ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Adductor Longus: main function is to __________________________________________________
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Muscles of the Posterior Leg
Gluteus Maximus: located in the buttocks and is regarded as one of the strongest muscles in the
human body; responsible for ______________________________________________________________________________________
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Illotibial band: works to __________________________________________________the hip; knee stabilization
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Biceps femoris: Both heads of the biceps femoris perform knee ________________________________. Since
the long head originates in the pelvis it is also involved in hip extension; ______________________________
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Semimembranosus: enabling the leg to ______________________ and _____________________________, and
serving as a thigh extensor; __________________________________________________
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Semitendinosis: long, superficial muscle in the back of the thigh; _________________________________________
Muscles of the Lower Leg (Anterior)
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Gastrocnemius: Along with the ____________________________________ muscle, it forms half of the calf muscle;
function in plantar flexion of the foot and flexing the leg at the knee joint
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Soleus: ________________________________________________ of the foot; powerful muscle vital in walking, running,
and dancing
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Achilles tendon: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Extensor digitorum: _______________________________________________ muscle works to extend the foot at the
ankle, along with extension of phalanx 2-5
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Tibialis anterior: _______________________________________________________________________________________ of the ankle
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Fibularis longus: also known as the __________________________________________________; muscle inside the outer
area of the human leg, which ________________________________________________________________________________________
Knee Muscles/Connections
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Patellar ligament: connects to two different bones, the _________________________and the ________________________
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Quadriceps tendon: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Meniscus: lateral and medial
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Two vital functions:
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Transfer the load from the __________________________________________________________________________
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Stabilize the knee during _____________________________________________________________________________
The menisci move during the backward flexion and the forward extension of the knee in order to
balance the change of the articular surfaces.
Muscles of the Face
4 Basic Functions:
1. __________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Muscles:
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Frontalis/Occipitalis: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Masseter: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Sternocleidomastoid: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Epicranial aponeurosis: _____________________________________________________________________________________________
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Temporalis: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Orbicularis oculi: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Nasalis: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Zygomaticus: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Oribicularis oris: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Buccinator: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Platysma: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Neck Muscles
Purpose of neck muscles: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Back muscles
Purpose of back muscles: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Strains vs. Sprains
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A strain is when you "pull" a muscle and a sprain is when you damage a ligament.
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Classification of Strains and Sprains:
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First degree: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Second degree: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
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Third degree: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
RICE:
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R_______________________________________________
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I________________________________________________
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C_______________________________________________
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E_______________________________________________