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Physical sciences
Psychology
Social sciences
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
1,530
1,909
21,916
22,261
22,514
22,143
22,541
22,917
23,310
24,040
25,211
25,854
26,672
27,770
28,423
28,585
29,216
29,490
30,126
30,681
30,616
30,049
28,879
27,931
26,882
26,391
26,635
26,492
27,179
28,619
30,441
31,675
32,400
32,841
33,091
32,857
33,254
24,105
25,643
25,703
24,754
25,848
26,671
26,570
25,667
26,561
25,969
25,335
26,255
27,256
28,118
29,348
30,618
32,258
34,162
34,782
35,288
35,222
35,412
35,551
35,148
34,658
34,919
34,487
34,707
35,774
37,872
38,919
38,994
41,166
40,678
42,103
48,030
46,952
47,569
44,807
46,605
47,049
46,290
44,342
43,549
42,537
42,838
42,827
43,460
43,784
45,249
48,476
50,629
54,250
55,609
56,259
56,219
56,900
55,540
53,824
53,293
52,668
54,306
58,054
61,412
62,376
63,609
65,991
67,984
66,752
68,225
a
Multidisciplinary/
a
interdisciplinary studies
Mathematical sciences
Family and consumer
a
science/human science
Earth, atmospheric, and
ocean sciences
Computer sciences
a
Communication
164,437
8,970
36,692
ne
4,473
9,557
ne
10,694
ne
167,867
9,548
37,681
ne
4,748
10,082
ne
10,952
ne
169,184
9,820
38,194
ne
4,604
10,415
ne
10,365
ne
164,151
9,815
37,572
ne
4,930
10,361
ne
9,769
ne
1978b
1979
168,959
10,053
37,773
ne
5,853
10,619
ne
9,667
ne
1980
171,767
10,349
37,422
ne
6,587
10,871
ne
9,901
ne
1981
172,200
10,480
37,022
ne
7,445
10,931
ne
10,152
ne
1982
172,090
10,325
36,415
ne
9,171
11,317
ne
10,813
ne
1983
175,472
10,230
36,405
ne
10,600
11,961
ne
10,955
ne
1984
175,766
10,170
36,759
ne
11,436
11,732
ne
11,309
ne
1985
178,020
9,490
36,677
ne
13,861
11,331
ne
11,816
ne
1986
182,532
9,596
37,435
ne
15,020
11,241
ne
12,388
ne
1987
185,143
9,316
37,885
ne
15,336
10,424
ne
13,043
ne
1988
187,525
9,372
38,840
ne
15,133
10,181
ne
13,512
ne
1989
192,424
9,293
40,019
ne
15,606
10,012
ne
13,681
ne
1990
199,313
9,288
40,648
ne
16,689
10,239
ne
13,865
ne
1991
206,036
9,472
42,385
ne
16,546
10,364
ne
14,256
ne
1992
215,965
9,672
44,040
ne
17,505
10,976
ne
14,679
ne
1993
220,097
9,712
46,101
ne
17,401
11,346
ne
14,530
ne
1994
221,409
9,746
47,694
ne
16,701
11,446
ne
14,226
ne
1995
219,389
9,835
48,055
ne
16,510
11,259
ne
13,410
ne
1996
218,180
9,527
47,454
ne
17,195
10,795
ne
12,966
ne
1997
214,981
9,362
46,657
ne
18,335
10,510
ne
12,144
ne
1998
213,508
9,199
46,779
ne
19,972
10,444
ne
11,751
ne
1999
215,870
9,371
46,946
ne
22,687
10,484
ne
11,796
ne
2000
219,079
9,357
46,787
ne
26,558
10,558
ne
11,740
ne
2001
226,573
9,405
48,138
ne
30,087
10,504
ne
12,467
ne
2002
240,020
9,685
51,551
ne
32,579
11,116
ne
13,709
ne
2003
248,812
10,003
54,350
ne
30,708
11,497
ne
14,627
ne
2004
253,574
10,040
55,848
ne
29,162
11,685
ne
14,916
ne
2005
257,283
9,710
57,697
ne
28,317
11,370
ne
15,261
ne
2006
261,984
9,478
58,918
ne
28,760
11,431
ne
15,571
ne
269,821
9,634
60,093
ne
30,511
11,376
ne
15,966
ne
2007olda
277,229
9,822
60,428
4,528
30,082
10,892
1,594
15,668
2,398
2007newa
2008
285,305
10,132
60,662
5,224
31,338
11,171
1,936
16,241
3,110
na = not applicable; data were not collected at this level of detail. ne = not eligible; data were not collected for this field prior to 2007.
Neuroscience
1975
1976
1977
Total
Biological sciences
Year
Agricultural sciences
TABLE 11. Full-time graduate students in science fields in all institutions, by field: 1975–2008
a In
2007, GSS-eligible fields were reclassified, newly eligible fields were added, and survey was redesigned to improve coverage and coding of GSS-eligible units. "2007new"
presents data as collected in 2007; "2007old" reflects data as they would have been collected under 2006 methodology. Science fields "communication" and "family and consumer
science/human science" are newly eligible. Data for these two fields are only in 2007new. Science field "multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies" is also newly eligible; these data
may have been reported under other fields before 2007. "Neuroscience" is reported as a separate field of science in 2007new; these data were reported under health field
"neurology" in 2007old and previous years. See appendix A, "Technical Notes," for more detail.
b Master's-granting institutions were not surveyed in 1978; totals represent estimates based on 1977 and 1979 data.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation/Division of Science Resources Statistics, NSF-NIH Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering.