Download Plant Characteristics

Vocab Check
• How many words were familiar to you?
Botany Pre-Test
Homework
Chapter 4 Section 1 in textbook
• Read and complete questions on
socrative.com
– same room number/set up
– PELOQUINSCIENCE
Learning Targets
I can…
• Explain the four types of plants and
the six characteristics of all plants
• Label the parts of a plant cell
What is
Botany?
The study of plants
physiology, structure, genetics, ecology,
distribution, classification, and economic
importance
What is a Plant?
• Plants evolved from green algae
• There are four major types of plants.
FOUR Types of Plants
The first major difference is how material is
moved throughout the plant
Nonvascular - no tubing
Vascular - tubing
FOUR Types of Plants
??
Types of Vascular
Plants ??
FOURTypes
Types of
FOUR
of Plants
Plants
The next big difference is, how does a vascular plant
create a new plant
seeds
spores
FOUR Types of Plants
Types of Seed
Plants??
FOUR Types of Plants
The next difference in vascular seed plants is
what surrounds the seed
Gymnosperms -
naked seed
plants
Angiosperms –
fruit surrounding seed
Plants
Vascular
Seeds
Angiosperm
Nonvascular
Seedless
Gymnosperm
Ferns, Club Mosses,
Horsetails, Whisk Ferns
Reproduce with
• Sexual reproduction
spores
• Flowering
• Seeds in fruit
• Sexual reproduction
• Coniferous
• Seeds in cone (naked)
Presen
t
Moss, liverwort,
hornwort, etc.
• Reproduce with spores
• Obtains food and water
through diffusion only
(no tubing)
Past
Distribution of Plant Types
What do all plants have in
common?
What do they all have in common?
Six Characteristics of Plants
1. Photosynthesis: makes food from sunlight
– Chlorophyll (a green pigment) found in
chloroplasts captures sunlight
2. Cuticle: a waxy coat that covers plants and
keeps them from drying out
2. Cell Walls: supports & protects plant cells
Six Characteristics of Plants
4. Multicellular: made up of many cells
5. Producer: Makes their own food/energy as sugar
and stores food/energy as starch
6. Reproduction: a fertilized egg creates spores or
seeds; a spore or seed produces an egg or sperm
(the plant forms from one of these stages depending on the plant type)
A. organelles Mini “organs” within the cell
B. cell wall Rigid outer structure of the cell; made of cellulose
C. cell membrane Flexible layer within the cell wall; allows materials in
and out (semi-permeable)
D. cytoplasm Liquid gel within the membrane
E. vacuole Water storage
F. nucleus Holds the DNA
G. chloroplasts Green organelles that perform photosynthesis
H. mitochondria Produces energy for the cell in the form of ATP
cell
membrane
cell
wall
cytoplasm
vacuole
mitochondria
nucleus
DNA
chloroplasts
Remember,
a lot of these
organelles
are hard to
see under a
light
microscope
because they
are clear.
Leaf cells under a
regular light
microscope (400x)
A single plant cell under the high
magnification of an electron
microscope
What is this?
What is
this?
Body Tube
Nosepiece
Objectives
Ocular lens
(Eyepiece)
Arm
Stage
Stage Clips
Diaphragm
Coarse Adjustment
Fine Adjustment
Light
Always carry a microscope with one hand
holding the arm and one hand under the
base.
Base
Low
power
Medium
power
40x
100x
High
power
400x
How to make a wet-mount slide …
1 – Get a clean slide and coverslip from your teacher.
2 – Place ONE drop of water in the middle of the slide. Don’t use too much or
the water will run off the edge and make a mess!
3- Get one piece of Elodea and place in the middle of your drop of water
4 – Place the edge of the cover slip on one side of the water drop.
5- Slowly lower the cover slip on top of the drop.
Cover
Lower
Slip
slowly
5 – Place the slide on the stage and view it first with the red-banded objective
(low power). Once you see the image, you can rotate the nosepiece to view the
slide with the different objectives.
Journal - Plant Cells (Elodea)
• Make a wet mount slide and observe the
Elodea under the microscope.
• Draw a EIGHT to TEN plant cells from what
you see in the microscope.
• Color Drawing
• Label:
1. Cell walls
2. Chloroplasts
Vocab Definitions:
Photosynthesis (110)
Chlorophyll (110)
Cellular Respiration (111)
Cell wall (79)
Producer (9 or 78)
Plant Cell Journal – Elodea (continued)