Download BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY
Your body and your health
HEALTH
 What thoughts pop up in your mind?
 Share thoughts with a class mate and write them down.
 Discuss and try to find your own definition of what
health means to you?
Your definitions of health
 Health is how your body fights bacteria and diseases.
 Health is how good your immune system is.
 Health is the one that human beings live with.
 Health is how good your mental condition is.
This is a sample of what google images
showed me…
One definition of health
 “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and
social well-being and not merely the absence of
disease.”
 ”Hälsa är ett tillstånd av fullkomligt fysiskt, psykiskt och
socialt välbefinnande, inte endast frånvaron av
sjukdom.”
(WHO, World Health Organisation)
I läroplanen för grundskolan står:
Att eleven ska lära sig:
 Hur den fysiska och psykiska hälsan påverkas av sömn,
kost och motion och sociala relationer.
 Källkritisk granskning av information och argument som
eleven möter i olika källor och samhällsdiskussioner med
koppling till biologi.
Body and health - exercise
Go through the
body from head
to feet and write
down important
things to think
about when it
comes to looking
after your body
and being
healthy.
Social hälsa
RESPIRATION
 How the respiratory organs function and what happens
when they fail…
 Why do we breathe?
Imagine two bubbles of air
– which one symbolises inhalation
and which one do we exhale?
16% O2
4% CO2
21% O2
0,04% CO2
and the
rest????
and the
rest????
SO WHY DO WE BREATHE?
 Get oxygen to all our cells
 Get rid of carbondioxide
The respiratory organs –
in Swedish…
Näshålan
Luftstrupen
Luftrören
Lungorna
The respiratory organs
 Nasal passage
 Windpipe (Trachea)
 Bronchi
 Lungs
The visible effects of smoking…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iLtvqbdiPrY
The movement of air
 When we breathe in the air passes through the pharynx
(svalget).
 After that the air reaches the windpipe (trachea
luftstrupen).
 The windpipe divides into two bronchi(luftrör) that reach
each lung.
 The bronchi divides into smaller and smaller tubes and
in the end of the smallest tubes there are small alveoli
(lungblåsor).
 The lungs consist of around 300 millions alveoli.
The alveoli are surrounded by thin
blood vessels where the blood
takes up oxygen and leaves
carbon dioxide.
What happens when we talk?
When we talk our vocal cords
(stämbanden) are tightened so
that they vibrate by the air that
passes and sound is created.
The diaphragm is in charge of breathing
• We breathe without paying attention to it and
that is because a part of the brain called
breathing centre.
• The brain sends signals to a muscle called
diaphragm.
• The diaphragm gets tightened when we inhale
air.
• The diaphragm relaxes when we exhale and
helps to get the air out of the lungs.
How the diaphragm is moving when
we breathe.
Protection of our respiratory organs
 Inside our nose we have a mucous membrane
(slemhinna) that is covered with tiny hair.
 The hair is cleaning the air from particles.
 The blood vessels in the nose warms the air and makes
it moist.
 Inside the windpipe and inside the bronchi we have cilia
(flimmerhår).
 The cilia moves all the time and transport mucus (slem)
and particles upwards.
We have several holes in our
head…which can be quite obvious
while having a cold.
Astma
 Astma means that you an inflammation in the bronchi (luftrören).
 More mucus (slem) is being formed in the bronchi and they get
swollen and can get cramps.
 Astma is treated with a medicine that decrease the inflammation
and make the bronchi relax.