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Warm Up – Tuesday
2/7/2017
Why do you think the Earth has
wind and ocean currents?
Engage
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
UfRBjDBd11w
Colored Water DemoExplore
Use “Convection Current Demo- Baking Dish” for
directions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bN7E6FCuMbY
How Density effects Convection
Heated material becomes less dense, allowing it to rise.
Cold material becomes more dense, causing it to sink.
These 2 motions drive convection currents
There are 3 ways that heat is
transferred…
Conduction
 When heat travels through a material. It has to be
touching…conduction – conductor.
Radiation
 When something can be heated up by traveling
through air or space.
Unequal Heating of Earth
The source of almost all of Earth’s heat energy is the Sun.
The Suns heat is distributed by convection, conduction
and radiation and provides the energy to make weather.
THINK ABOUT THIS…
1. Why is heating unequal?
2. What area of Earth gets most
of the sun’s heat energy?
3. How does this relate to the
Convection Current Demos
You saw today?
Explain-Ocean Currents
When water is heated, it expands and its
density decreases. Less dense matter tends to
rise in a fluid such as ocean water. As the area
around the equator warms, convection occurs
in the oceans distributing the heat.
Elaborate- Currents RM 3
Directions:
1. Complete the current chart using the map
2. Identify the currents described by considering the movement of the water and the
relative temperature of the current
3. Use colored pencils to color the cold currents blue and the warm currents red.
Elaborate- Currents
Analysis Questions
1. Which direction do most of the currents in the Northern
Hemisphere move?
2. Which direction do most of the currents in the Southern
Hemisphere move?
3. Where are most of the warm currents located on the map?
4. Where are most of the cooler currents located on the
map?
5. If one person is located on the west coast of North
America and another person is located at the same latitude
on the east coast of North America and both people
measured the temperature of the water at the exact same
time, how would their results compare?
Warm Up
Classify the following examples as
Conduction, Convection or Radiation
Spoon gets hot while stirring hot cocoa
Hot air balloon rises
Warming your hands by a fire
Frying an egg in a hot skillet
Hot boiling water rises to the surface
The temperature rising in the summer time
Finding Nemo
Use your Ocean Current Activity from yesterday
to…
1. Describe the direction and temperature of
the East Australian Current.
2. Explain how the uneven heating of the Earth
leads to this movement of ocean water.
3. Be ready to share your answer to #2 and add
to it!
Recap
White Board Time!!!
Warm Up – Thursday
2/9/2017
Air Pressure- Engage
1. Fold your paper hot dog style and stand it up on your table.
2. Blow air under the paper tunnel and observe what happens
3. Why did the paper fall down?
Explain-Air Pressure
Air pressure is the
force exerted on
you by the weight of
tiny particles of air.
Although air
molecules are
invisible, they still
have weight and
take up space.
Barometer
Weather forecasters measure air pressure
with a barometer. Barometers are used to
measure the current air pressure at a
particular location in "millibars" (mb).
Why don’t we feel it?
How much pressure are you under? Earth's atmosphere
is pressing against each square inch of you with a force
of 1 kilogram per square centimeter (14.7 pounds per square inch).
The force on 1,000 square centimeters (a little larger than a square
foot) is about a ton!
Why doesn't all that pressure squash me?
Remember that you have air inside your
body too, that air balances out the pressure
outside so you stay nice and firm and not squishy.
Air Pressure Demo
Crushing Cans
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
xg5NiOwf_Zw
Air moves from areas of high pressure to
areas of low pressure, creating wind.
Wind Brainpop
To start: Make an “L” with your right hand for low
pressure.
Low pressure goes up and rotates counter-clockwise
Same hand-High pressure goes down and rotates
clockwise
Explain- Wind
When air is heated, it expands and takes up more
spaces. Since the heated air is spread out and is less
compacted, its densely decreases, which causes the
hot air to rise. As the heated air rises, it exerts less
pressure on the area beneath it, creating an area of
low pressure on Earth’s surface.
Wind Convection Current
Demo
Warm Up – Thursday
2/9/2017
Air moves from areas of high pressure to
areas of low pressure, creating wind.
Explain- Wind
When air is heated, it expands and takes up more
space. Since the heated air is spread out and is less
compacted, its density decreases, which causes the hot
air to rise. As the heated air rises, it exerts less pressure
on the area beneath it, creating an area of low
pressure on Earth’s surface.
Wind Convection Current
Demo
Wind Brainpop
Wind
Wind can be defined as air moving from an area of high pressure
to an area of low pressure in the atmosphere. The greater the
difference between high and low pressures, the faster the air
moves. If all areas across Earth’s surface had the same air
pressure, there would be no wind. The Sun, however, heats some
parts of the Earth more than others, creating pressure
differences.
Soo…winds are driven by solar energy.
Wind Fact
All wind is named
after the direction
from which it came.
Land Breeze
At night the land cools faster than the water. The cool air over the
land (becomes more dense) and sinks. Meanwhile, the water
retains its heat from the day longer than the land, warm air over
the water (less dense) rises and flows to the area of lowest
pressure over the land where it cools (becomes more dense) and
sinks.
Sea Breeze
During the day the land heats faster than the water.
Warmer air over the land rises (because it is less
dense) and flows to the area of low pressure over the
water. Once over the cool water the air cools
(becomes more dense) and sinks.
Global Winds
Polar Easterlies- Winds that flow
from the north and south poles
towards the equator from east
towards the west.
Prevailing Westerlies- Winds that
flow from 30 degree Latitude
towards the poles, they flow from
west towards the east
Trade Winds-Winds that flow from
30 degree Latitude towards the
equator. They move from east to
west.
Doldrums- The areas on the
equator that is not effected by the
trade winds. The air is very still.
Jet Stream- Link
Fast moving current
of air located in the
upper part of the
troposphere. The Jet
Stream forms
between air masses
of different
temperatures. Most
weather systems in
the US move West to
East because they are
pushed by the Jet
Stream.
To start: Make an “L” with your right hand for low
pressure.
Low pressure goes up and rotates counter-clockwise
Same hand-High pressure goes down and rotates
clockwise
Air Masses
and
Fronts
Explaining Air Masses and Fronts
 An air mass is a
large volume of
air with the same
temperature and
moisture content.
 Air masses take on
the characteristics
of the area over
which they
develop
Rules for air masses:
Write this down!
1. Air masses that form over the tropics
have a warm temperature.
2. Air masses that form over the poles
have cold temperatures.
3. Air masses that form over the ocean will be moist or humid
4. Air masses that form over the land will be dry
5. Air masses that form over the land will have the first name “Continental”
6. Air masses that form over the ocean will have the first name “Maritime”
7. Air masses that form in the North near the pole have the second name
“Polar”
8. Air masses that form near the equator where its warm will have the second
name “Tropical”
9. The air mass farthest north has the second name “Arctic” because it is the
coldest
Air Masses
Warm Up – Friday
2/10/2017
Air Masses
Air Masses and Fronts
WEATHER
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LlQueIBaLzU
Weather Front
Weather Fronts
Animation
Fronts- no illustration
A front is a boundary between 2 different
air masses at Earth’s surface. Fronts
develop when air masses of different
temperatures and humidity collide, and
cause a change in weather…usually rainy
and stormy weather.
 High Pressure Systems are colder than the
air around them.
 Low Pressure Systems are warmer than
the Air around them.
Cold Fronts
A cold front separates faster moving cold air, which
pushes warmer air up and out of the way as it moves.
Rain frequently occurs along the cold front. After a cold
front passes there is often clear weather and high
pressure.
Weather Fronts
Animation
Warm Front
A warm front occurs when slower
moving warm air replaces retreating
cooler air. The warm air gradually rides over the cooler
air, producing light to moderate rain. After a warm
front there are warmer temperatures and higher
humidity.
Weather Fronts
Animation
Stationary Front
 If air masses are not moving
a stationary front forms. This
front forms a boundary
between nonmoving cold air
masses and warm air masses.
Weather Fronts
Animation
Occluded Front
 Occluded fronts occur when a warm front is over
taken by a cold front. COOLER air in front of the
warm front is separated from the COLDER air
behind the warm front.
Occluded fronts can
be purple or pink on
weather maps.
Weather Fronts
Animation
REVIEW
Answer the questions in your journal
1. Explain why City B has clear sky
conditions.
2. Which location is most likely
experiencing rain and cloudy
conditions? Explain.
3. In which direction is the cold
front moving? How do you know?
4. Which location is most likely
experiencing warmer
temperatures and higher
humidity?
5. Should the “?” be replaced
with an “H” or an “L”?
6. Where is the Hurricane
located?
Warm Up-answers
1. Explain why City B has clear sky conditions.
City B is located near an area of high pressure. High pressure areas have clear
skies.
2. Which location is most likely experiencing rain and cloudy conditions? Explain.
Location D is experiencing rain and clouds with the approaching cold front
3. In which direction is the cold front moving? How do you know?
The cold front is moving south/southeast because that is the direction the barbs
are pointing.
4. Which location is most likely experiencing warmer temperatures and higher
humidity?
Location C is experiencing warmer temperatures and higher humidity because a
warm front recently moved through the area. There is also a maritime tropical air
mass in this area, which has warmer, moister air.
5. Should the “?” be replaced with an “H” or an “L”?
The air pressure symbol should be an “L” since low pressure is associated with
most fronts.
6. Where is the Hurricane located?
The hurricane is located off the eastern coast of Florida.
Warm Up
Use the Weather Map to answer these questions:
1. Near which city is the highest pressure?
2. Near which cities are the low and high pressure systems located?
3. Which locations are most likely experiencing clear, dry weather?
4. Which location is most likely experiencing rainy weather?
5. Which location is most likely experiencing high winds?
Recap
Front Card Sort
When you are
done…
Update your
Marzano Square for
Weather Front
Weather Stations
Practice Identifying the symbols
Where would you see sunshine?
Where would you see rain?
Hurricanes
Hurricane Notes
Hurricanes originate over the warm waters of the
tropical oceans. Hurricanes disperse the heat energy
held in the warm ocean waters. The air above the
waters warms and rises , creating an area of low
pressure. The warm, moist, rising air cools and
condenses, forming clouds and precipitation. This
process releases heat energy into the atmosphere.
Cooler air moves in to replace the rising air and
generates wind. This is the beginning of a hurricane
Brainpop
Hurricane Map
Map Key
Yellow shading
Areas in which
tropical storms
form
Typical path of
storm
Hurricane Video
What is on the test!
Seasons –
 What causes them?
 Be able to identify when it is
spring/winter/summer/fall on a globe, based on its tilt
and/or its position around the sun.
 What areas of the earth get more/less sunlight during
different season?
Day/Night:
 What Causes day/night?
Moon Phases:
 Know the order of the moon phases
 Know how long it takes to get from one phase to the next.
 Be able to look at a calendar and predict what the major
phases will be throughout the month.
Tides
 Know that Spring tides happen during full/new moon.
 Know that Neap tides happen during 1st Quarter/3rd Quarter.
 Be able to look at a diagram at Sun/Earth/Moon and predict the tide
occurring.
Weather
 Know the symbols
 Know how air pressure moves
 Know that the sun is what powers convection which distributes the
heat all over the Earth.
Hurricanes
 Know that hurricanes form over hot water – the
warmer the water the worse the storm.