Download DATE - Red Hook Central Schools

NAME:
DATE:
1. In the classroom during a visual inspection of a rock, a
student recorded four statements about the rock. Which
statement about the rock is an observation?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The rock formed deep in the Earth's interior.
The rock cooled very rapidly.
The rock dates from the Precambrian Era.
The rock is black and shiny.
2. Using a ruler to measure the length of a stick is an
example of
8. A student determines the density of a mineral to be 1.5
grams per cubic centimeter. If the accepted value is 2.0
grams per cubic centimeter,what is the student’s percent
deviation (percent error)?
A) 25.0% B) 33.3% C) 40.0% D) 50.0%
9. A student incorrectly measured the volume of a mineral
sample as 83 cubic centimeters when the actual volume
was 89 cubic centimeters. What was the student’s
approximate percent deviation (percentage of error)?
A) 6.7% B) 7.2% C) 9.3% D) 14.8%
A) extending the sense of sight by using an instrument
B) calculating the percent of error by using a
proportion
C) measuring the rate of change of the stick by making
inferences
D) predicting the length of the stick by guessing
10.A student incorrectly measured the volume of a mineral
sample as 63 cubic centimeters. The actual volume was
72 cubic centimeters. What was the student’s
approximate percent deviation (percentage of error)?
3. In order to make observations, an observer must always
use
11. As air on the surface of Earth warms, the density of the
air
A)
B)
C)
D)
experiments
the senses
proportions
mathematical calculations
4. Which statement about an unidentified rock sample is
most likely an inference?
A)
B)
C)
D)
A) 9.0% B) 12.5% C) 14.2% D) 15.3%
A) decreases
C) remains the same
B) increases
12. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagrams below, which represent two different solid,
uniform materials cut into cubes A and B.
The rock is composed of large crystals.
The rock has shiny, wavy mineral bands.
The rock is a metamorphic rock.
The rock has no visible fossils.
5. A student examined a patch of mud and recorded several
statements about footprints in the mud. Which statement
is most likely an inference?
A)
B)
C)
D)
There are five footprints in the mud.
The depth of the deepest footprint is 3 centimeters.
The footprints were made by a dog.
The footprints are oriented in an east-west direction.
6. Which statement best illustrates a classification system?
A)
B)
C)
D)
A glacier melts at the rate of one meter per year.
Ocean depths are measured by using sonar.
Snowfall predictions for winter storms vary.
Stars are grouped according to their color.
7. Which mineral is the major component of drywall?
A) talc
C) muscovite mica
B) calcite
D) selenite gypsum
Assume cube B was broken into many irregularly
shaped pieces. Compared to the density of the entire
cube, the density of one of the pieces would be
A) less
C) the same
B) greater
13. A pebble has a mass of 35 grams and a volume of 14
cubic centimeters. What is its density?
A) 0.4 g/cm³
C) 490 g/cm³
B) 2.5 g/cm³
D) 4.0 g/cm³
DATE:
14. Base your answer to the following question on the diagrams below, and your knowledge of Earth science.
The diagrams represent five substances, A through E, at the same temperature. Some mass, volume, and
density values are indicated for each substance. Substance C is a liquid in a graduated cylinder. [Note that
1 cubic centimeter = 1 milliliter. Objects are not drawn to scale.]
Water (W) was added to the graduated cylinder containing liquid C. Objects A and D were then dropped
into the cylinder. Which diagram most accurately shows the resulting arrangement of these substances?
A)
B)
C)
15. A 25-gram sample of halite was placed in a jar with
five other mineral samples and water. The jar was
shaken vigorously for 5 minutes. The halite sample was
then found to have a mass of 15 grams. What was the
rate of weathering of the halite sample?
A) 0.50 g/min
C) 3.0 g/min
B) 2.0 g/min
D) 10. g/min
D)
16. Which event is most predictable?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The Sun rises.
An earthquake occurs.
A meteorite falls to Earth.
Coral fossils are found on mountaintops.
17. Which type of rock most likely contains fossils?
A) scoria
C) schist
B) gabbro
D) shale
DATE:
18. The graph below shows the relationship between the
mass and volume of a mineral.
What is the density of this mineral?
A) 6.0 g/cm3
C) 3.0 g/cm3
B) 9.0 g/cm3
D) 4.5 g/cm3
19. A student recorded the times of three successive high
tides at one location as:
9:12 a.m.
9:38 p.m.
10:04 a.m.
24. Base your answer to the following question on The
diagrams below show the crystal shapes of two
minerals.
Quartz and halite have different crystal shapes primarily
because
A)
B)
C)
D)
light reflects from crystal surfaces
energy is released during crystallization
of impurities that produce surface variations
of the internal arrangement of the atoms
25. Base your answer to the following question on A
student classified the rock below as sedimentary.
What is the approximate time of the next high tide?
A) 10:12 p.m.
C) 10:38 p.m.
B) 10:30 p.m.
D) 11:04 p.m.
20. Which mineral can be found in all samples of rhyolite
and andesite?
A) pyroxene
C) biotite
B) quartz
D) potassium feldspar
21. Which property is most useful in distinguishing
pyroxene from amphibole?
A) sample size
C) type of luster
B) hardness
D) angles of cleavage
22. Which rock is sedimentary in origin and formed as a
result of chemical processes?
A) granite
C) breccia
B) shale
D) dolostone
23. Which texture best describes an igneous rock that
formed deep underground?
A) glassy
C) fine grained
B) vesicular
D) coarse grained
Which observation about the rock best supports this
classification?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The rock is composed of several minerals.
The rock has a vesicular texture.
The rock contains fragments of other rocks.
The rock shows distorted and stretched pebbles.
26. Obsidian's glassy texture indicates that it formed
A)
B)
C)
D)
slowly, deep below Earth's surface
slowly, on Earth's surface
quickly, deep below Earth's surface
quickly, on Earth's surface
DATE:
27. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below shows three stages in the formation of a
specific rock.
Which rock is formed as a result of these three stages?
A) limestone
B) gneiss
C) schist
28. Which process most likely formed a layer of the
sedimentary rock, gypsum?
A)
B)
C)
D)
precipitation from seawater
solidification of magma
folding of clay-sized particles
melting of sand-sized particles
29. Which processes lead directly to the formation of
igneous rock?
A)
B)
C)
D)
weathering and erosion
compaction and cementation
heat and pressure
melting and solidification
30. Which statement about the formation of a rock is best
supported by the rock cycle?
A) Magma must be weathered before it can change to
metamorphic rock.
B) Sediment must be compacted and cemented before
it can change to sedimentary rock.
C) Sedimentary rock must melt before it can change
to metamorphic rock.
D) Metamorphic rock must melt before it can change
to sedimentary rock.
31. Which type(s) of rock can be the source of deposited
sediments?
A)
B)
C)
D)
igneous and metamorphic rocks, only
metamorphic and sedimentary rocks, only
sedimentary rocks, only
igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks
D) coal
32. Base your answer to the following question on The rock
shown below has a foliated texture and contains the
minerals amphibole, quartz, and feldspar arranged in
coarse-grained bands.
Which rock is shown?
A) slate
C) gneiss
B) dunite
D) quartzite
33. Which nonfoliated rock forms only in a zone of contact
metamorphism?
A) conglomerate
C) pegmatite
B) hornfels
D) quartzite
DATE:
34. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below represents geological processes that act
continuously on Earth to form different rock types.
Which table correctly classifies each rock type?
A)
B)
C)
D)
DATE:
Base your answers to questions 35 and 36 on the magnified views shown below of the minerals found in an
igneous rock and in a metamorphic rock. The millimeter scale indicates the size of the crystals shown in the
magnified views.
35. Describe the texture shown by this metamorphic rock that indicates it could be schist.
36. Based on the minerals present, identify the relative color and density of this igneous rock compared to
mafic igneous rocks with the same crystal size.
37. Base your answer to the following question on the passage below.
Carbon
Carbon may be the most important element on our planet because it is the chemical building block of
all living things. The element carbon is formed in dying stars and scattered when the stars explode. Our
solar system formed from such star remnants. Pure carbon comes in several forms, which include the
minerals graphite and diamond (hardness = 10), and the fossil fuels bituminous coal and anthracite
coal. Almost all diamonds are mined from igneous rocks that originate at an approximate depth of 150
kilometers under immense pressure. Most graphite is formed through the metamorphism of organic
material in rocks closer to Earth's surface.
Explain why graphite and diamond have different properties.
DATE:
38. Base your answer to the following question on
the block diagram below, which shows rock units that have not been overturned. Point A is located in the
zone of contact metamorphism. A New York State index fossil is shown in one of the rock units.
Identify the crystal size of the minerals in rhyolite and explain what this size indicates about the rate of
cooling of the magma from which it formed.
Crystal size:_________________________________
Explanation: ________________________________
39. The data table below lists characteristics of rocks A, B, C, and D.
Which rock is most likely phyllite?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
DATE:
40. Base your answer to the following question on the geologic cross section below. Location A is within the
metamorphic rock.
The metamorphic rock at location A is most likely
A) marble
B) quartzite
C) phyllite
D) slate