Download Skeletal Muscle Cells

Bio 9D: Monday, January 3, 2011
Title: Cell Specialization
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Homework:
 Read Section 36.2 and take notes using active reading
strategies – see assignment sheet for details.
Silent Do Now – Not in your notebook!
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Get a worksheet and complete Task #1
Today’s Objectives:
Compare & contrast structures of specialized cells
 Describe how different types of cells have different structures
to fit their functions
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Today’s Agenda: Cell Specialization
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Extended Do Now:
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Task #1
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Task #2
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Compare answers with partner (2 min)
Complete quietly with partner (5 min)
Class Discussion
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Notes
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Today’s Objectives:
Compare & contrast structures of specialized cells
 Describe how different types of cells have different structures
to fit their functions
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Extended Do Now:
“Typical” Human Cell
Objectives for Class:
•Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions
•Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Extended Do Now: Specialized Cells
have Specialized Structures
Objectives for Class:
•Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions
•Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
Biology 9 – Moretti & Dickson
The Musculoskeletal System
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Overall Functions:
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Move the body, or parts of the
body
Support body & maintain
posture
(keep you standing/sitting
upright)
Made up of…
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Skeletal muscles
Bones (skeletal system)
Connective tissues
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Tendons connect muscle to bone
Ligaments connect bone to bone
Objectives for Class:
•Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions
•Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Bio 9A/9D: Tuesday, January 4, 2011
Title: Muscle Structure & Function
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Homework:
 Two paragraphs in notebook – see assignment
sheet for details.
Silent Do Now – In your notebook:
Based on yesterday’s class:
 Describe the shape and structure of a muscle cell
 How do you think this helps the muscle cell function?
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Today’s Objectives:
 Describe
the structure and function of muscle cells
 Explain how muscles work together to move bones
Skeletal Muscle
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Attached to bones
Contracts to create body
movements
Controlled voluntarily
Structured with fibers bundled
within fibers. The simplest muscle
fiber is a muscle cell.
Objectives for Class:
•Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions
•Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Zoom in…
Zoom in
more…
Skeletal Muscle Cells
Structures:
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Long, narrow cells
Filled with specialized
cytoskeleton fibers
Many mitochondria
Many nuclei along
edges of cell
Functions:
Stretch and contract a long
muscle
Fibers attach and slide past
each other to contract
Provide ATP energy for
cytoskeleton to move
Help make lots of
cytoskeleton proteins for the
whole long cell
Objectives for Class:
•Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions
•Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Skeletal Muscle Cells
Zoom in…
Objectives for Class:
•Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions
•Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Animations:
Overview, zoom in, and sarcomere contraction in
grasshopper muscles:
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http://entochem.tamu.edu/MuscleStrucContractswf/index.html
Simultaneous whole-muscle, cartoon sarcomere, and
real muscle fiber contraction:
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http://www.edumedia-sciences.com/en/a502-muscle-contraction-sarcomere
Actin, myosin, and cross-bridges:
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http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter10/animation__sarcom
ere_contraction.html
Objectives for Class:
•Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions
•Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
How Muscle Cells Contract
1.
2.
3.
4.
Cytoskeleton fibers attach to each other and pull
together.
This makes the entire muscle cell get shorter (aka
contract).
This process uses a lot of ATP energy (provided by
mitochondria).
When the fibers let go, the muscle relaxes.
Muscle Contraction Creates Body
Movements
 Muscles are attached
to at least two points:
 anchoring bone
 moving bone
(attached by tendons)
 Muscle contracts (gets shorter)
 Pulls on tendon
 Tendon pulls bone into new position
Muscles Work in Opposing Pairs
Upper Arm:
• Biceps contract
 Arm bends at the elbow
• Triceps contract
 Arm straightens
Lower Leg:
• Shin muscle contracts
 Foot goes up
• Calf muscle contracts
 Foot goes down
Bio 9A/9D: Wednesday, January 5, 2011
Title: Chicken Wing Dissection
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Homework:
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Silent Do Now:
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Complete Chicken Wing Dissection Analysis Questions
What are two safety rule that you should follow during this
dissection?
Today’s Objectives:
• Follow lab safety procedures during dissection
• Observe and explain how muscles, tendons, and bones…
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Form a joint
Interact with each other during muscle contraction to cause
movement
Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:
Rules
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Respect for the animals that
donated these wings
Safety
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Raw meat… keep hands away
from mouth, wash hands after.
Scissors are sharp!
Patience – this might be
confusing. That’s OK! You can
learn a lot even if you can’t
figure out all the parts.
Zero tolerance for fooling
around, horseplay, etc. You WILL be
asked to leave.
Objectives for Class:
• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system
• Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:
Materials
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Aprons, goggles & gloves
Dissecting tray
Scalpel – caution, these
are sharp! Never cut
towards fingers!
Scissors – often these are
better for cutting than the
scalpel
Chicken Wings
Objectives for Class:
• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system
• Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:
Procedures
Sit with a partner of your choice
 I will bring you a chicken wing
 Follow all safety procedures – hands away from
mouth, careful with sharp tools, NO fooling around
 Raise hand if you need anything – stay at your table
 Follow directions on lab handout – one partner must
write/draw if the other’s hands are messy
 Clean up: wing in trash, tools washed, hands washed.
HW: Lab analysis questions (in notebook)
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Objectives for Class:
• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system
• Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:
Anatomy of your hand
Bio 9A/9D: Monday, 1.10.10
Title: Anatomy of a Kick
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Homework:
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Silent Do Now:
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Finish Anatomy of a Kick worksheet
Organize notes for tomorrow’s open-notes quiz
Get a worksheet and read the Background Info
Complete Activity I: Getting Started
Today’s Objectives:
• Identify which muscles must contract to move a specific part of
the leg
• Predict the correct sequence of muscle contractions necessary
for complex movements
Computer Activity:
The Anatomy of a Kick
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http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih6/Bone/activ
ities/activities_toc.htm
Objectives for Class:
• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system
• Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement