Download Plant Structure and Function Notes Outline

Name __________________________ Date:_________ Period ____
Plant Structure and Function Notes Outline
Tissues
A plant’s body is made of _____________
that form _____________.
A waxy __________, which prevents ___________ loss, __________ the
epidermis of the __________ and _____________.
Often the ________ of the _______________ have ________-like extensions or
other ___________________.
In ________________ plants, there are
_________________ of the _______________ cells on __________ and
________ types of _________ systems.
_____________ often help to ________ water _______.
_______________ Tissue System
Forms the protective ___________ layer of a plant.
________________ Tissue System
Makes up much of the _________ of the nonwoody parts of a plant,
including _________, __________, and ___________.
________________ Tissue System
________________ of the epidermal _______ on ________ tips help
________________ water ________________.
The ____________ tissue on woody ________ and ____________ consists of
several layers of ____________ cells that are referred to as ____________.
____________ cells contain a ___________________ chemical and are
_____ covered by a waxy _____________.
Forms strands that conduct _________, ____________ and
In addition to ________________, _____________ tissue also functions in
_______________ compounds throughout a __________ plant.
________ exchange and in the ______________ of mineral ________________.
Dermal Tissue System
Ground Tissue System
____________ tissue covers the
_______________ tissue makes up much of the ____________ of most plants.
______________ of a plant’s body.
Most __________ tissue consists of ______-walled ________ that remain
In the _________________ parts of a
__________ and keep their ____________ after they ______________.
plant, dermal tissue forms a “________”
Some ______________ tissue contains some __________-walled cells.
called the _____________________.!
____________ tissue has different ______________, depending on where it is
The __________________ of most plants is made up of a _____________ layer
_________________ in a plant.
of flat __________.
The ground tissue in _____________, which is packed with ________________,
is specialized for _________________________.
Vascular Tissue System
Plants have _______ kinds of _________________ tissue.
The ground tissue in __________ and _________ functions mainly in the
_____________ and ______________.
____________ of ________, __________, and _________.
Both _____________ and _______________ contain strands of ________ that
Throughout the _________ of a plant, __________ tissue also _____________
are _____________ end to end and act like tiny __________.
and _________________ the third kind of plant tissue – ______________ tissue.
These _______________ of cells act as a ______________ system, carrying
______________ and dissolved _________________ throughout a plant’s body.
Xylem
___________ has ________-walled ________ that conduct _________ and
_______________ nutrients from a plant’s ____________ through its _________
to its _____________.
The conducting cells in ___________ must ________ their cell _____________,
_______________, and _________________ before they can conduct _______.
At ____________, all that is left of these ______ is their cell ____________.
_________ in the walls ______________ neighboring ________-tube cells
One type of __________ cell found in all vascular plants is called a __________.
connect the _________________ and allow _____________ to pass freely from
______________ are ____________, elongated, and ___________ at each end.
________ to __________.
___________ flows from one ____________ to the next through _______, which
Beside the _________ tubes are rows of ______________________ cells, which
are _____ areas in the cell _________.
contain _________________.
Gnetophytes and flowering plants also have a second type of __________ cell,
_________________ cells carry out cellular _____________, protein
which makes up ______________ strands called _____________.
______________, and other _____________ functions for the ______-tube cells.
The _______________ cells are _________ than _______________ and have
large ______________________ in their ends.
The _____________________ allow ____________ to flow more _________
between _______________ cells.
Phloem
_______________ contains cells that conduct ___________ and other
______________ throughout a plant’s body.
The conducting _____________ of phloem have a cell _________, a cell
Plant Cells and Tissues
________________, and _____________________.
These _________ either _________ organelles or have _______________
organelles.
Plant Tissue
_____________
Tissue
The __________________ strands in _____________ are called __________
____________.
_____________
Tissue
_____________
Tissue
Cell Types
Roots
Most ___________ are ________________ to
Roots are covered by __________ tissue.!
An ________________ covers all of a
the spot where they _________ by _________,
_________ except for the root ______.
which also ___________ water and mineral
The _____________ cells just behind a
_________________.
root _______ often produce root
In many plants, _________ also function in the
_________, which are slender
______________ of organic nutrients, such as
_______________ of the cell __________________.
________ and ____________.
Root ___________ greatly increase the surface ___________ of a root and its
Many _________, such as ___________ and
___________ to absorb __________ and mineral _______________.
___________, have a large ___________ root from which much ___________
A mass of ________ called the root ______ covers and ____________ the
roots _________.
actively ________________ root tip.
This type of ________ system is called a ________________ system.
A layer of ________ replaces the ______________ in the _________ sections of
Most ____________ such as ___________, have a highly ____________,
a root.
_____________ root system.
Many plants have __________ that become __________ as they get ________.
Some plants have _________ that grow from ____________________ stems or
Layers of ___________ replace the ___________ tissue in ___________ roots.
______________.
These roots are called _____________________ roots.
Stems
The ______________ of most plants consist of ___________ and
The _________ roots of corn and the ________ roots of orchids are
______________.
examples of ____________________ roots.
_____________ support the __________ and house the _________________
A _________ has a central _________ of ___________________ tissue that is
tissue, which ________________ substances between the _________ and the
surrounded by ______________ tissue.
____________.
The _____________ tissue surrounding the ____________ tissue is called the
Many plants have __________ that are __________________ for other
__________.
________________.
Stems of _______________ store _________.
Cactus ___________ are specialized for ____________ and __________
_____________ are stems that are specialized for _____________ storage
conservation, while garden-pea _________ are specialized for _________.
and for __________________ reproduction.
A _______ is a mass of _____________ tissue and _____________ tissue
covered by ______________.
Leaves
________________
are the primary
A _____________ coats the ___________ and __________ epidermis.
____________________ organs of plants.
Both _____________ and ____________ are found in the __________ of a leaf.
Most __________ have a flattened portion,
____________ are _________________ of vascular ______________ that run
called the __________, that is often
from the tips of ___________ to the edges of _____________.
________________ to a __________ by a
In _____________, the ground tissue is called ______________________.
_________ called the _____________.
_______________ cells are packed with _________________, where
A leaf __________ may be divided into _______ or more ___________ called
___________________________ occurs.
______________.
The ___________________ in ________________ makes leaves look _______.
_____________ with an ________________ blade are called _____________
leaves.
Leaves with ________ or more ___________ are called _______________
leaves.
______________ reduce the ______________ area of a leaf ___________.
Many plants have highly _______________ leaves that are _______________
for particular ________________.
The ___________ of a __________ and the __________ of a garden
__________ are ______________ leaves.
Leaves
Most ________ have leaves with _____ layers of _______________.
The _______________ of water _____________ causes water molecules that
are being _________ by a plant to _______ on the water _____________ still in
One or more ______ of closely packed _______________ cells make up the
the __________.
______________ layer, which lies just _________ the upper _______________.
This _______ extends through the ___________ in the ____________.
A layer of _________ packed, ___________ cells, called the _________ layer,
_________ is drawn ____________ in the same way __________ is drawn
lies ______________ the ____________ layer and the lower ______________.
through a ______________.
The ___________ layer has many ______ spaces through which _________ can
As long as the _____________ of water in the __________ does not _________,
travel.
__________ will keep moving ___________ as ___________________ occurs.
____________, the tiny _________ in the _____________, connect the ______
_____________ take in ___________ from the _________ by ______________.
spaces to the ___________ air.
This _____________ enters the ___________ and _____________ the water
Movement of Water in Plants
____________ through ___________________.
_________ and __________ nutrients move up from a plant’s _________ to its
Guard Cells and Transpiration
____________ through ____________.
A _________ is surrounded by a ________ of ___________ cells that are
__________ is pulled ______ through a plant as it ______________ from the
__________ like two cupped hands.
plants ____________.
____________ in water ___________ within the __________ cells cause the
The __________ of ____________ are coved with many tiny __________, the
__________ to _________ or __________.
____________.
When the __________ cells take in __________, they ___________.
When the __________ are ________, water _______ diffuses ______ of a leaf.
Extra _____________ strands in their cell _________ permit the ________
This ______ of water ________ from a plant is called __________________.
to ______________ in length but not in _____________.!
In most _____________, more than _____% of the ________ taken in by the
As a result, ___________ cells that take in ____________ bend _________ from
___________ is ultimately ________ through _________________.
each other, _____________ the __________ and
The ____________ contains a _____________ of water that extends from the
allowing _______________ to proceed.
__________ to the ___________.
When ___________ leaves the ___________ cells, they ____________ and
Translocation
move ___________ to each other, ____________ the
The ________________ of organic _______________ in a plant is more
stoma and ______________ transpiration.
__________ than the movement of ___________ for three reasons.
The _______ of water from ___________ cells (for
1. _________ flows ___________ through empty ___________ cells, but
any reason) causes ________________ to _________, _______________
______________ compounds must ______ through the
further water ________.
_________________ of ___________ phloem _________.
This is an example of ________________________.
Movement of Organic Compounds in Plants
_______________ compounds move throughout a plant within the _________.
____________ use the term __________ to refer to a part of a plant that
_____________ organic compounds for _______ parts of the ________.
2. ____________ only moves _____ in _______, while _____________
compounds move in ____ directions in __________.
3. __________ can ___________ through cell ________________ but
____________ compounds _____________.
The ______________ botanist Ernst ___________ proposed a model of
A _________ is a __________ because it makes __________ during
___________________ in _________. In this _____________ –_______
____________________.
________________:
A ________ that stores _________ is also a ___________.
___________ from a __________ enters _____________ cells by
___________ use the term __________ to refer to a part of a _________ that
______________ __________________.
organic compounds are ________________ to.
When the ___________ concentration in the phloem _________________,
____________ growing _________, such as root ______ and developing
____________ enters the __________ tubes in ___________ from
_________, are examples of ________.
___________ by ______________.
The _____________ of organic compounds ____________ a plant from a
_______________ builds up ___________ the __________-tube
__________ to a _________ is called ____________________.
________ and ____________ sugar through the ___________ tubes.
__________ moves from _____________ cells into a _________ by
_______________ ____________________.