Download Metamorphic Rocks

Goal 
How do metamorphic rock form and how can we
identify them?
Homework 
DR 2.4 “Metamorphic Rocks”, Rock Cycle Quiz
Friday
Warm-up 
Sedimentary Rock Review
Agenda 
• Metamorphic Rock PP
• Metamorphic Rock ID Lab
• DR 2.4, pp 46-49
Wrap Up What is the difference between contact and regional
metamorphism?
Chapter 2, Section 3:
Sedimentary Rock
Pages 40 to 43
1. Explain how the rock sandstone is created.
_sand sized sediment is weathered from rock and the eroded and deposited. From
there it is compressed and compacted into a rock called sandstone
ORGINS OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK
1. Define sediment AND explain how it is formed. Sediment is rock and mineral
fragments that are formed by the process of weathering of rock
2. When sediment is deposited in layers and compacted, ____sedimentary rock__ is
formed.
3. Dissolved minerals spate from water and become a natural __cement___ that
binds sedimentary rock together.
4. Sedimentary rocks form at or near the Earth’s ___surface____.
5. Define strata-- layers of sedimentary rock
COMPOSITION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK
1. Rock or mineral fragments are called ____sediment_________________
2. Sedimentary rock that forms when rock or mineral fragments are cemented together is
called ____clastic_______ sedimentary rock.
3. Sedimentary rock that forms when minerals crystallize out of solution, such as sea water,
to become rock is called _chemical_____ sedimentary rock.
4. Sedimentary rock that forms from the remains, or fossils, of plant and animals is called
__organic_________ sedimentary rock.
5. Some limestone is made from the skeletons of tiny ___organisms called
coral__________________.
6. Limestone made from the calcium carbonate from skeletons and shells of sea creatures is
called fossiliferous_____ limestone.
7. Explain how coal is formed. Coal forms underground when partially decomposed plant
material is buried under sediment and is changed by increase heat and pressure over time
SEDIMENTARY ROCK STRUCTURES
1. What is the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers? stratification
1)
Which of the three groups does
this chart show?
Clastic
2)
Which type of sediment has the
largest particles?
Gravel
3)
What’s the difference between
conglomerate and breccia?
Rounded or angular pieces
4)
Which rock has the finest
texture?
Shale
Chemical and Organic Sedimentary Rock
5)
What do limestone and coquina
have in common?
Both made of calcite
6)
What is the difference between
the coquina and crystalline
limestone?
Coquina  shells visible
Limestone  made from
dissolved calcite
7)
What do chert and flint have in
common with sandstone?
Both made of quartz
Organic:
Clastic:
Chemical:
Rock Name:
Clastic, Chemical, or
Organic?
Description
Coal
Organic
Coarse, medium or fine grained, fossils or organic
material present, color
Organic material, black, glassy
Fossil Limestone
Organic
Fossils present, light colored
Conglomerate
Clastic
Coarse grained, light colored
Sandstone
Clastic
Medium grained, light colored
Shale
Clastic
Fine grained, dark colored
Gypsum
Chemical
White, chalky feel
Rock Salt
Chemical
Pink, halite crystals present
Limestone
Chemical
Medium colored, white calcite crystals present
Conglomerate
Sandstone
Shale
River or stream bed
Sandy beach or desert
Pond or lake
A. Meaning 
Metamorphic = “change in form”
B. Characteristics  Rocks that have been changed in
structure, texture, or composition
C. Forces 
Heat, pressure, or chemical changes
D. Under normal conditions, temperatures of over 1000°
C would cause rock to _______.melt
E. Metamorphic rock may not melt, even at these
extreme temperatures because of…
PRESSURE
In other words, the millions of tons sitting on top of
the deep rock layers press the rock together and
won’t allow it to melt into a liquid.
•
With all that pressure squeezing the rock,
sometimes the _________________
mineral grains will
squeeze into parallel bands.
Make sure you
don’t confuse
banding and
stratification.
•
Occurs around the edges of a hot magma chamber
•
Rocks closest to the igneous intrusion will exhibit the
biggest change in texture and composition
•
Occurs due to plate movement or collision
•
Happens deep in the crust, over a large “region”
rather than a localized pocket of magma
This line traces a single rock stratum.
The Himalayas
Adirondack Mountains,
NY
•
When one rock undergoes extreme heat and pressure,
the elements that make it up may combine to form
different minerals.
•
When you look at a metamorphic rock, you know that
it is the altered, metamorphosed form of another rock,
parent rock
which is called the _______________.
Foliated
Mineral
bands
Nonfoliated
Force of
compression
•
Minerals are in parallel
alignment
•
Minerals become
recrystallized
•
Mineral bands are
perpendicular to the
compression force
•
Resembles a coarse
grained igneous rock
•
One metamorphic rock can undergo
more metamorphism to become
another metamorphic rock.
•
Foliation increases each time more heat
and pressure are applied.
Rock Name:
Foliated or Nonfoliated?
Description