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Name: ___________________________________________ Date: _______ Period: ____ Protein Synthesis Activity Part 1: Answer the following questions. 1. When mRNA takes the genetic information copied from DNA out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm, it is called ___________________________________. 2. __________________________ is the process that converts the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA into a specific sequence of amino acids to produce a specific protein. 3. Which of these nucleotide base pairs are correct for RNA? a. Adenine—Thymine b. Thymine—Cytosine c. Adenine—Uracil d. Guanine—Cytosine e. Both c and d 4. The start codon ________ codes for the amino acid ___________________. Part 2: Using the given DNA template strands, transcribe each strand into its complementary mRNA strand. Then fill in the box for the anti-codons that the tRNA strand would contain. Finally, use the key for the mRNA sequence to write down the translation for each codon. The box is an example done for you. Example DNA strand TAC mRNA strand AUG tRNA strand UAC Words/Sentence Initiatior/Start TTT AAA UUU Your 1. DNA strand TAC TTT mRNA strand tRNA strand Words/Sentence Initiatior/Start 2. DNA strand TAC TCT mRNA strand tRNA strand Words/Sentence Initiatior/Start TTG AAC UUG Mother TTG TTC AAG UUC Wears TTA CAT GUA CAU A ACG GTG CAC GUG Rubber TGC TAG AUC UAG Band ATC UAG AUC Stop(period) ATC Stop(period) TCA 3. DNA strand TAC GGG GGC mRNA strand tRNA strand Words/Sentence Initiatior/Start 4. DNA strand TAC TTT CCA mRNA strand tRNA strand Words/Sentence Initiatior/Start TCC TCT TCG TAT ATC Stop(period) CGT CGG CGC ATC Stop(period) TTC CAT CAG Stop(period) 5. DNA strand TAC ATT mRNA strand tRNA strand Words/Sentence Initiatior/Start TCC CTT ATG ATA AGT ATC Stop(period) Part 3: With your partner, come up to Ms. Patel and you will be given a pink DNA template with a number on it, a blue mRNA strand, a blue tRNA, and a yellow strip with five circles on it (representing amino acids), and a whiteboard marker. Your job is to transcribe the DNA, fill in the bases with a whiteboard marker on the mRNA strand, fill in the anticodons on the tRNA, and translate the mRNA into the correct amino acid. Ms. Patel will check your answers at each step. Part 4: Using the Key Words for the mRNA Codons, make up a sentence with at least five words in it. 1. Your sentence: ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 2. What is the mRNA nucleotide sequence for your sentence? __________________________________________________________________ 3. What is the tRNA nucleotide sequence for your sentence? __________________________________________________________________ 4. What is the original DNA strand nucleotide sequence for your sentence? __________________________________________________________________ Now, based on your DNA nucleotide sequence, create a mutation. 5. What is the nucleotide sequence of your mutated DNA? __________________________________________________________________ 6. What is the mRNA nucleotide sequence of your mutated DNA? __________________________________________________________________ 7. What is the sentence that the mutation created? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 8. Explain what type of mutation you created and how it changed which amino acids were produced (in other words, how was your sentence affected) Key Words for the mRNA Codons UAG = Stop(period) CCG = is CGC = water AUG = Initiator(start) CCU = subject CGG = every AAA = your CGA = drink CGU = day AAC = mother AAG = wears AAU = dresses ACG = funny ACC = have ACU = dog ACA = breath AGA = the AGG = are AGU = Beatles AGC = best AUA = rock AUC = band AUU = an CAA = old CAC = rubber CAG = breaks CAU = pulled CCA = when CCC = Biology CUA = I CUC = love CUG = roll CUU = music GAA = all GAC = demented GAG = puppies GAU = and GCA = so GCC = much GCG = fun GCU = education GGA = door GGC = to GGG = future GGU = father GUA = a GUC = dress GUG = brother GUU = nothing UAA = we UAC = in UAU = this UCA = together UCC = must UCG = be UCU = informed UGA = around UGC = you UGG = read UGU = little UUA = DNA UUC = code UUG = for
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