Download HOW CELLS FUNCTION – Practice Questions 1. Which process

HOW CELLS FUNCTION – Practice
Questions
1. Which process releases energy?
a. osmosis
b. photosynthesis
c. diffusion
d. cellular respiration
2. Carbohydrates are important to
cells because they
a. speed up chemical reactions
b. produce water
c. are a source of energy and provide
support
d. are the genetic material
3. What do chicken fat, peanut oil,
and beeswax have in common? They
are all
a. carbohydrates
b. nucleic acids
c. lipids
d. proteins
4. Proteins are formed when
chemical reactions join
a. sugars
b. nucleotides
c. amino acids
d. fatty acids
5. Why is an understanding of the
properties of water important to the
study of cells?
a. Water provides cells with carbon.
b. Water provides cells with energy.
c. Many of the chemical reactions in a
cell take place in water.
d. The large molecules in a cell are
made up of chains of water
molecules.
6. Someone opens a bottle of
vinegar. The scent fills the kitchen.
This is an example of
a. osmosis
b. diffusion
c. cellular respiration
d. active transport
7. What do the processes of
exocytosis and endocytosis have in
common?
a. They are a way to move materials
out of a cell.
b. They are a way to move materials
into a cell.
c. A membrane surrounds materials
that need to be transported
into or out of a cell.
d. They use energy to move materials
into or out of the nucleus.
8. How does the size of a cell affect
the transport of materials into a cell?
a. Size has no affect.
b. It takes longer for materials to
move into a larger cell.
c. Small cells have smaller
membranes so materials move more
slowly
into the cell.
d. Larger cells do not use active
transport.
9. Cells sometimes use energy to
transport materials across the cell
membrane. This process is called
a. osmosis
b. active transport
c. cellular respiration
d. photosynthesis
10. What is one characteristic of the
process of fermentation?
a. fights infection
b. produces energy without sugar
c. produces energy without oxygen
d. captures energy from sunlight
11. You would get the most energy
to run a race by taking in
a. carbohydrates
b. chlorophyll
c. water
d. proteins
12. Carbohydrates and lipids are
similar because
a. their atoms are arranged in the
same way
b. they both repel water
c. they both store energy
d. they are both made up of glucose
13. Enzymes control the speed of
chemical reactions. What type of
molecule are enzymes?
a. proteins
b. carbohydrates
c. lipids
d. nucleic acids
14. Which of the following
statements is true of the lipid
molecules that make up cell
membranes?
a. The heads of the lipids attract
water, and their tails repel water.
b. The heads of the lipids repel water,
and their tails attract water.
c. Lipids change shape in water.
d. Lipids are affected by the
concentration of water in a cell.
15. What do the processes of
exocytosis and endocytosis have in
common?
a. They are a way to move materials
out of a cell.
b. They are a way to move materials
into a cell.
c. They use energy to move materials
into or out of the nucleus.
d. The cell membrane surrounds
materials that need to be transported.
16. How do most cells release energy?
a. They carry out passive transport.
b. They photosynthesize.
c. They break down sugars.
d. They carry out active transport.
17. What happens when your muscle
cells run out of oxygen?
a. You stop moving.
b. Cellular respiration increases.
c. Fermentation supplies energy.
d. Endocytosis brings in more oxygen.
18. What is one factor in
determining how quickly different
materials move into or out of a cell?
a. the amount of energy available
b. salt concentration
c. glucose concentration
d. cell size
19. A sugar cube has completely
dissolved in a glass of warm water.
What can you say about the solution?
a. Sugar and water molecules stop
moving.
b. The concentration of sugar is the
same throughout.
c. There are an equal number of
sugar molecules and water molecules.
d. Diffusion has stopped, and active
transport has begun.
20. Even though the concentration
of salt is higher in some gland cells
than in blood, these cells can take
salt out of blood. This is an example
of
a. active transport
b. passive transport
c. osmosis
d. endocytosis
21. Molecules that are important
components of the cell membrane
include
a. lipids and nucleic acids
b. proteins and chlorophyll
c. nucleic acids and carbohydrates
d. lipids and proteins
22. When animal cells run out of
carbohydrates, they can use a
reserve source of energy in the form
of
a. lipids
b. glucose
c. chlorophyll
d. glycogen
23. Which of these molecules hold
the instructions for the growth and
development of cells?
a. amino acids
b. lipids
c. enzymes
d. nucleic acids
24. How does the polarity of water
molecules affect lipid molecules?
a. It causes the lipids to group
together to form a barrier.
b. It causes lipids to dissolve more
slowly than proteins.
c. It enables lipids to release energy.
d. It means that lipids move through
a cell by active transport.
2 5. How do cells store energy?
a. Energy is stored as mechanical
energy in the bonds between atoms.
b. Energy is stored as chemical
energy in the bonds between atoms.
c. Molecules of glucose absorb
energy from the Sun.
d. Molecules of chlorophyll absorb
energy from the Sun.
26. Which process enables a cell to
fight viral infections?
a. diffusion
b. exocytosis
c. endocytosis
d. fermentation
27. The heat that helps keep your
body warm is the result of
a. cellular respiration
b. blood circulation
c. exocytosis
d. fermentation
2 8. Membrane-bound sacs move
materials out of a cell by
a. endocytosis
b. exocytosis
c. active transport
d. osmosis
29. Some of the oxygen produced
during photosynthesis leaves the cell
by
a. osmosis
b. endocytosis
c. passive transport
d. active transport
30. How does cell size affect
movement of materials into or out
of a cell?
a. The larger surface area of large
cells moves materials more quickly
into
or out of a cell.
b. Cell size has no effect.
c. Active transport is more important
in large cells than small cells.
d. Smaller cells have a large surface
area compared to volume and so
materials
can move more quickly into or out of
a cell.