Download written hydraulic report - MS. BOZZI

Science
Design Project: Toy
Prior Knowledge and Skills Students will need in order to complete this activity:
• How to use appropriate techniques and materials for building structures
• How to set up fluid power systems to achieve maximum mechanical advantage.
Instructions:
You are a designer at a toy company and your team specializes in designing the hydraulic
components for toys. The list below indicates toys that need to be fitted with a hydraulic
system. Each toy has a part that requires movement, a load to be lifted, and/or a switch to
be opened or closed.
Criteria should make reference to function, aesthetics, environmental considerations, cost
and efficiency. Be prepared to present your design, test data and prototype to the toy to the
class.
Possible toys:
Design a pneumatic/hydraulic system
or device that

Jack-in-the-box

causes the doll to pop up by lifting the
lid of the box.

Car hoist

lifts a load (car)

Bridge
 lifts the bridge top
Project Criteria:
• You will be working in teams of 3-4
• 1 copy of the design report for each group
• Prior to the building stage - 3 rough sketches, final design choice, operations planning list.
• at the end of the design process - completed prototype with a graphically designed base,
final design diagrams,
•Presentation of design
Assessment and Evaluation:
Evidence of Student Learning: Design notes and drawings, working model,
understanding of Mechanical Advantage, demonstration of knowledge of design process,
presentation of design and model
Final Phase Due:__________________________________
Hydraulic & Pneumatic Information
 Hydraulics and pneumatics involve the transfer of force through a fluid
• Hydraulics transfers force through as liquid
• Pneumatics transfers force through as gas
• Both systems use pistons as the means to transferring the force
• The piston that is pushed is called the driver (input) and the piston that reacts is called
the follower (output)
• When a force is applied to a piston or syringe the force is exerted equally against every cc
(cubic centimeter) in the syringe. As the force is pushed through the tube to the follower
syringe the force is also applied against every cc in the follower.
• If the follower syringe is large and has more cc’s than the driver the same force pushing
against a greater number of cc’s and is therefore larger and you get an increase in force
(Pascal’s Law)
Example:
In a hydraulic system that has a 30cc follower and a 10cc driver,the force in
the driver is pushing against 10cc while the follower it is pushing against
30cc. Since the follower is 3 times as large, the increase in force from the
driver to the follower is 3 times which means a MA of 3.
If the volume of the follower was 50 times more than that of the driver you get
50 times as much force and a MA of 50.
Note:
Although you get more force the piston in the follower does not move as far or as fast as
the piston on the driver. You lose distance and speed to gain an increase in force
Written Report
Group members:________________________ Project Choice: ___________________
1.
Introduction: Introduce your toy design
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2.
Materials Used
1.
6.
2.
7.
3.
8.
4.
9.
5.
10.
3. Procedure Steps
4. Explanation:
How does your toy use hydraulics? How was your toy able to lift its load? In your
answer, discuss the load lifted, pressure, multiplying force, and area. (Refer to p.242243 and notes in this package)
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
5: FINALTOY DESIGNS
 Draw a scaled diagram (TOP, FRONT, & SIDE VIEWS) of a hydraulic system using
the syringes provided . Identify the input and output pistons (syringes)
6. Calculate and explain the mechanical advantage in your hydraulic system.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7. Recorded results
Record your observations while creating your toy. Discuss the changes you made to
ensure your hydraulic system worked efficiently. (Ex. Observations-Did you have to add
more water to the syringe? Did air impact the hydraulic system? Was it hard to lift the load
your toy carried? Did your toy tilt when you used the syringe?)
OBSERVATIONS
CHANGES MADE TO DESIGN
:
Name:______________________________
Hydraulic Toy Design
Name:_______________________________
Hydraulic Toy Design
Toy Design Plan
/5
Toy Design Plan
/5
Presentation
/10
Presentation
/10
Toy Design Written Report
 Introduction
 Materials
 Procedure Steps
 Explanation
 Diagrams
 Mechanical Advantage
 Recorded Observations
Toy Design
 Toy Hydraulic Prototype
o Does the hydraulics work?
o Creativity
o Neatness
 Base of Toy
/2
/1
/3
/10
/6
/4
/4
/10
/2
Toy Design Written Report
 Introduction
 Materials
 Procedure Steps
 Explanation
 Diagrams
 Mechanical Advantage
 Recorded Observations
Toy Design
 Toy Hydraulic Prototype
o Does the hydraulics work?
o Creativity
o Neatness
 Base of Toy
/2
/1
/3
/10
/6
/4
/4
/10
/2
Total:
/57
Name:________________________________
Hydraulic Toy Design
Total:
/57
Name:______________________________
Hydraulic Toy Design
Toy Design Plan
/5
Toy Design Plan
/5
Presentation
/10
Presentation
/10
Toy Design Written Report
 Introduction
 Materials
 Procedure Steps
 Explanation
 Diagrams
 Mechanical Advantage
 Recorded Observations
Toy Design
 Toy Hydraulic Prototype
o Does the hydraulics work?
o Creativity
o Neatness
 Base of Toy
Total:
/2
/1
/3
/10
/6
/4
/4
Toy Design Written Report
 Introduction
 Materials
 Procedure Steps
 Explanation
 Diagrams
 Mechanical Advantage
 Recorded Observations
/2
Toy Design
 Toy Hydraulic Prototype
o Does the hydraulics work?
o Creativity
o Neatness
 Base of Toy
/57
Total:
/10
/2
/1
/3
/10
/6
/4
/4
/10
/2
/57