Download Chapter 6 Study Guide

Chapter 6 Study Guide
1. Study the vocabulary terms from Chapter 6.
2. What does DNA stand for?
3. Inherited characteristics are determined by _______________.
4. Chromosomes are made of _________ and ____________.
5. What are the subunits that make up DNA?
6. What three things make-up nucleotides?
7. What is the name of the sugar that is in DNA (from lecture)?
8. Name the four bases that are in DNA. (you need to be able to write and spell them)
9. What letters represent the four bases in DNA?
10. Summarize Chargaff’s rules.
11. What did Rosalind Franklin discover? What process did she use?
12. What did Watson and Crick build? What did it look like?
13. What did the model eventually explain?
14. The twisted ladder shape of DNA is known as a _________ __________.
15. What makes up the sides of the DNA ladder?
16. The base pairs make up the _________ of the DNA ladder.
17. The pairing of bases allows the cell to __________, or make copies of the DNA.
18. The pairs of bases and sides of DNA are said to be ______________ to each
other.
19. Match the following sequence to a complimentary strand of DNA.
ATTCGTACGGATATTGCC
20. What is the first step in DNA replication?
21. What “unzips” the strand of DNA before it duplicates itself?
22. The bases on each side of the DNA molecule are used as a ___________ for a new
strand.
23. How often does the DNA copy?
24. The job of unwinding, copying, and rewinding the DNA is done by the __________
inside the cell.
25. What makes up a gene?
26. Groups of ________ bases make up the code for the amino acids.
27. What are proteins made up of?
28. A ___________ is usually a set of instructions for making a protein.
29. What do proteins help determine in an organism?
30. What does RNA stand for?
31. Describe what RNA looks like.
32. Name the four bases that are found in RNA. (from Lecture)
33. What is the name of the sugar found in RNA? (from lecture)
34. What is the first step of making a protein?
35. Where does Messenger RNA (mRNA) go after leaving the nucleus?
36. As messenger RNA (mRNA) is fed through a ribosome, what is it matched with?
37. What does the tRNA bring to the ribosome?
38. How many bases are the code for specific amino acids?
39. Make an RNA strand that would be produced from the following DNA strand
ATGGCTTAGCCGATTCGA
40. What are the three differences between RNA and DNA?
41. Name the three types of mutations and describe each.
42. What is a mutagen? Give examples.
43. What type of mutation causes sickle cell anemia?
44. What is genetic engineering? Give examples.
45. Describe DNA fingerprinting.