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1. Introduction to SQL Tuning
1. Introduction to SQL Tuning

Introduction to Database Systems
Introduction to Database Systems

... Many-to-many relationship - a key constraint that indicates that many of one entity can be associated with many of another entity. An example of a many-to-many relationship is employees and their hobbies: a person can have many different hobbies, and many people can have the same hobby.  Participat ...
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... SCM - Benefits Secured code History at hand Code Review • code improvement ...
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... Valid time: the time when the event relating to the capturing of the data actually occurred in the world Time(s) needed to be represented in the information depends on the application domain If both times are needed, then we require a bitemporal information system Require more complex data structure ...
eXtensible Relational Databases
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... (such as Entity Relationship Diagrams and the Unified Modeling ...
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The World Wide Web
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... Traditional database: DBMS rejects queries not phrased in terms of tables, fields, and relationships in the database The World Wide Web: The search engine performs whatever search is requested LIKELIHOOD THAT A QUERY WILL PRODUCE USABLE RESULTS Traditional database: DBMS returns exactly what is requ ...
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... workflow may be defined as “the automation of a business process, in whole or part, during which documents, information or tasks are passed from one participant to another for action, according to a set of procedural rules.” A workflow defines the order of task invocation or conditions under which t ...
DMS RDMS Coding Standards
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... program not conforming to this restriction must be broken into smaller programs before placing into production. The DBA may approve some exceptions to this rule. 2. All DMS batch update programs must contain individual program commit points. Achieve this by executing FREE or DEPART/IMPART commands p ...
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... Data Sharing - A database allows the sharing of data under its control by any number of application programs or users. Data Integrity - Data integrit y means that the data contained in the database is both accurate and co nsistent. Centralized control can also ensure that adequate checks are incorpo ...
Architecture of Transaction Processing Systems
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... system of Figure 23 .3 . The user module has been divided into a presentation server and an application server that execute on different computers . Presentation services, at the client site, assembles the information input by the user, makes certain validity checks on the information (e.g., type ch ...
Relationships - Programajama!
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... While I went through an example of a many-to-many relationship earlier, it's worth going through again, particularly if you're new to database design. So, I had used the example of author and book that one author could write multiple books, but also one book could be written by multiple authors. So, ...
CMon Installation Guide
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... Install Mongo DB 2.6 or higher from https://www.mongodb.org/downloads and follow the installation instructions as per the OS distribution. The current CMon system only works with MongoDB, and hence no other RDBMS or No-SQL databases can be used. The choice of No-SQL was due to the ease of being able ...
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... Also during development unit tests are extensively used. It is not allowed to commit a code to the CVS until it passes all existing unit tests. Also each reproducible bug usually gets its own test case. This guarantees that a clean check out from the CVS can be compiled and will not contain any prev ...
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... Because ODBC has been around for quite a while (longer than the Java language), ODBC drivers are rather ubiquitous. This makes this type of JDBC driver a good choice for learning how to connect Java programs to databases. In fact, there are even ODBC drivers that let you assign an ODBC data source t ...
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...  Each attribute of a relation has a name  The set of allowed values for each attribute is called the domain of the ...
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... sent to a message file. • Clustering and Partitioning: The table may be partitioned among many storage devices -- either for capacity or bandwidth. Each storage area is defined by a partitioning criterion, and each has a rule for clustering related records. For efficiency, the load operation must pa ...
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... set (or multi-set) of values V, and evaluates to TRUE if v is one of the elements in V In general, we can have several levels of nested queries A reference to an unqualified attribute refers to the relation declared in the innermost nested query In this example, the nested query is not correlated wi ...
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... For binary many-to-one relationship sets, the primary key of the “many” entity set becomes the relation’s primary key. For one-to-one relationship sets, the relation’s primary key can be that of either entity set. ...
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Concurrency control

In information technology and computer science, especially in the fields of computer programming, operating systems, multiprocessors, and databases, concurrency control ensures that correct results for concurrent operations are generated, while getting those results as quickly as possible.Computer systems, both software and hardware, consist of modules, or components. Each component is designed to operate correctly, i.e., to obey or to meet certain consistency rules. When components that operate concurrently interact by messaging or by sharing accessed data (in memory or storage), a certain component's consistency may be violated by another component. The general area of concurrency control provides rules, methods, design methodologies, and theories to maintain the consistency of components operating concurrently while interacting, and thus the consistency and correctness of the whole system. Introducing concurrency control into a system means applying operation constraints which typically result in some performance reduction. Operation consistency and correctness should be achieved with as good as possible efficiency, without reducing performance below reasonable levels. Concurrency control can require significant additional complexity and overhead in a concurrent algorithm compared to the simpler sequential algorithm.For example, a failure in concurrency control can result in data corruption from torn read or write operations.
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