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Part 21 - Criteria for Relational Databases
Part 21 - Criteria for Relational Databases

... Null values (distinct from the empty character string or a string of blank characters and distinct from zero or any other number) are supported in fully relational database management systems for representing missing information and inapplicable information in a systematic way, independent of data t ...
Ch7
Ch7

... users can use the database while you backing up the database  SQL Server adds an LSN (log sequence number) to each log entry  SQL Server adds a checkpoint every time it writes the log to the database  The current LSN is recorded when the backup ...
Accounting Information Systems: The Crossroads of Accounting and IT
Accounting Information Systems: The Crossroads of Accounting and IT

... Objective: Q2.2 What is the role of the database in the enterprise? 15) How are hierarchical databases and network databases similar? How are they different? Answer: Hierarchical databases and network databases are similar in that they store data in records that are not grouped into database tables. ...
Module 1: Introduction
Module 1: Introduction

... from borrower, depositor, account where loan.loan_number = borrower.loan_number and borrower.customer_name = depositor.customer_name and depositor.account_number = account.account_number and account.balance >= 1000))) ...
Alarm Server
Alarm Server

... OEGraphics View, Notes View) have what is known as three-tier Client-Server architecture. Each of the components listed above is a Client, which uses one or more Server components to provide them with the data that they request. This data is then displayed by the Client to the user. In turn, the Ser ...
select-list
select-list

... and the remaining tuples are partitioned into groups by the value of attributes in grouping-list. The group-qualification is then applied to eliminate some groups. Expressions in group-qualification must have a single value per group! • In effect, an attribute in group-qualification that is not an a ...
On the Information Content of Semi-Structured
On the Information Content of Semi-Structured

... ultimate one. We believe that the issue of cycles deserves further study”. The first difference in our work in comparison to the work mentioned above is that we concentrate on the information content of individual databases at the instance level rather than on the information content of database sch ...
Chapter 17: Parallel Databases
Chapter 17: Parallel Databases

... • Queries/transactions execute in parallel with one another. • Increases transaction throughput; used primarily to scale up a transaction processing system to support a larger number of transactions per second. • Easiest form of parallelism to support, particularly in a shared-memory parallel databa ...
mod-13
mod-13

... Note: other conditions in where clause may be used to compute a join (instead of a cross-product) before executing the nested subquery ...
Manage File Growth in Blackbaud CRM Databases
Manage File Growth in Blackbaud CRM Databases

... The space needed for log files depends on the recovery model and the amount of activity between database backups. With the simple recovery model, log space is only needed until a given transaction is completed and written to the data drive(s). Most sites use the full recovery model because it is mor ...
On Database Theory and XML
On Database Theory and XML

... order3.oid = complaint3.oid AND order2.date = "1999" ...
On Database Theory and XML
On Database Theory and XML

... order3.oid = complaint3.oid AND order2.date = "1999" ...
Administrator Guide
Administrator Guide

SQL Server Replication
SQL Server Replication

... replication is reliant on the server names of the servers in the topology, so any failover to another server can result in the replication stream being broken. Various mechanisms in SQL Server provide database-level redundancy, such as backup/restore, log shipping, and database mirroring (in SQL Ser ...
cont`d - Department of Computer Science
cont`d - Department of Computer Science

... The data warehouse integrates analytically useful data from existing operational databases in the organization. ...
Trigon Technology Group
Trigon Technology Group

... CORBA IDL for Network Management has the following operations:  Create : This operation is used to create an object in the agent.  Delete : This operation is used to delete an object.  Set : This operation is used to modify the attributes of a given object or group of objects in the agent.  Get ...
Sample
Sample

... 13) What are the structures of a relational database, hierarchical database, and a network database? How is data retrieved from each of these types of databases? Answer: A relational database is structured as tables. A record is a row in one of the tables. The tables are related to each other by in ...
Chapter 7: Relational Database Design
Chapter 7: Relational Database Design

...  Cannot store information about a branch if no loans exist  Can use null values, but they are difficult to handle.  Delete tuple for Smith. What Happens? Any problem? ...
One… ADO Data Control
One… ADO Data Control

Microsoft Office Access 2013
Microsoft Office Access 2013

... To reduce screen clutter, contextual tabs appear only when they are applicable. For example, the Table Tools tab appears only when a table is open. ...
Lesson 1 Summary Slides
Lesson 1 Summary Slides

... To reduce screen clutter, contextual tabs appear only when they are applicable. For example, the Table Tools tab appears only when a table is open. ...
Multiparadigm Design of a Simple Relational Database
Multiparadigm Design of a Simple Relational Database

The Terrestrial BR IFIC Workshop
The Terrestrial BR IFIC Workshop

... • if the users have administrator privilege, they may run brific.exe (the navigation menu) “as administrator” in order to be able to install from the navigation menu • if the users do not have administrator privilege, they must use the installer.bat script, found in \Packages\Windows\Disk1\InstData ...
Hibernate the Recursive Queries - Defining the Recursive Queries using Hibernate ORM
Hibernate the Recursive Queries - Defining the Recursive Queries using Hibernate ORM

... readability of the source code. Additional benefit of using object-relational mapping tools is the increased source code maintainability and portability between different DBMSs. The number of supported DBMSs depends on the actual ORM framework used - from one particular vendor to a full support of a ...
DataGuard SwitchOver steps
DataGuard SwitchOver steps

... database have the exact same directory path to the online redo logs, it is acceptable to set LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT such that the entry pairs have the same value. As an example, if the online redo logs are stored in /oradata/order_db/redo for both the primary and physical standby databases on their ...
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Concurrency control

In information technology and computer science, especially in the fields of computer programming, operating systems, multiprocessors, and databases, concurrency control ensures that correct results for concurrent operations are generated, while getting those results as quickly as possible.Computer systems, both software and hardware, consist of modules, or components. Each component is designed to operate correctly, i.e., to obey or to meet certain consistency rules. When components that operate concurrently interact by messaging or by sharing accessed data (in memory or storage), a certain component's consistency may be violated by another component. The general area of concurrency control provides rules, methods, design methodologies, and theories to maintain the consistency of components operating concurrently while interacting, and thus the consistency and correctness of the whole system. Introducing concurrency control into a system means applying operation constraints which typically result in some performance reduction. Operation consistency and correctness should be achieved with as good as possible efficiency, without reducing performance below reasonable levels. Concurrency control can require significant additional complexity and overhead in a concurrent algorithm compared to the simpler sequential algorithm.For example, a failure in concurrency control can result in data corruption from torn read or write operations.
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