Stability of Complex Biomolecular Structures: van der Waals
... focus on the structure with two antiparallel polyQ strands and calculate as well the VDOS given by the Fourier transform of the velocity autocorrelation function from an ab initio MD (AIMD) run (i.e., with classical nuclei) and from the newly proposed thermostated ring polymer molecular dynamics (TR ...
... focus on the structure with two antiparallel polyQ strands and calculate as well the VDOS given by the Fourier transform of the velocity autocorrelation function from an ab initio MD (AIMD) run (i.e., with classical nuclei) and from the newly proposed thermostated ring polymer molecular dynamics (TR ...
Probing Dark Energy with Atom Interferometry.
... The growing expansion rate of the universe, and the uneven distribution of light and matter within it, all lead to the conclusion that most of the energy in the universe is ‘dark energy’ [1]. The nature and origin of this energy are not understood. Within quantum field theory, the natural explanatio ...
... The growing expansion rate of the universe, and the uneven distribution of light and matter within it, all lead to the conclusion that most of the energy in the universe is ‘dark energy’ [1]. The nature and origin of this energy are not understood. Within quantum field theory, the natural explanatio ...
Worked solutions Unit 3B
... Two theories: continuous or indivisible particles. Atoms have been proposed since 440 BCE. Boyle, in 1661, explains gases as atoms and molecules moving around. Newton includes light as being particles (the same general idea although with no mass). There is no evidence to dispute the continuous theor ...
... Two theories: continuous or indivisible particles. Atoms have been proposed since 440 BCE. Boyle, in 1661, explains gases as atoms and molecules moving around. Newton includes light as being particles (the same general idea although with no mass). There is no evidence to dispute the continuous theor ...
QUANTUM DOTS - Electrical and Computer Engineering
... TWO ELECTRONS, EACH FREE TO TUNNEL TO ANY SITE IN THE CELL, THESE ELECTRONS WILL TRY TO OCCUPY THE FURTHEST POSSIBLE SITE WITH RESPECT TO EACH OTHER DUE TO MUTUALELECTROSTATIC REPULSION. THEREFORE, TWO DISTINGUISHABLE CELL STATES EXIST. 2) SHOWS THE TWO POSSIBLE MINIMUM ENERGY STATES OF A QUANTUM-DO ...
... TWO ELECTRONS, EACH FREE TO TUNNEL TO ANY SITE IN THE CELL, THESE ELECTRONS WILL TRY TO OCCUPY THE FURTHEST POSSIBLE SITE WITH RESPECT TO EACH OTHER DUE TO MUTUALELECTROSTATIC REPULSION. THEREFORE, TWO DISTINGUISHABLE CELL STATES EXIST. 2) SHOWS THE TWO POSSIBLE MINIMUM ENERGY STATES OF A QUANTUM-DO ...
Quantum spin systems from the perspective of quantum information
... • Central object of study in Quantum Information Theory: entanglement or quantum correlations – It is a resource that is the essential ingredient for e.g. quantum cryptography and quantum computing – Quantifies quantum nonlocality ...
... • Central object of study in Quantum Information Theory: entanglement or quantum correlations – It is a resource that is the essential ingredient for e.g. quantum cryptography and quantum computing – Quantifies quantum nonlocality ...
The quantum mechanical tipping pencil--
... The angle, θ , is arbitrarily chosen to be the angle at which the pencil ‘ . . . appears to be unbalanced.’ For a typical pencil (m = 0.01 kg, L = 0.2 m), setting θ = 0.1 results in a maximum balancing time of ∼3 s. One author makes the statement that the ‘ . . . smallness of this answer is quite su ...
... The angle, θ , is arbitrarily chosen to be the angle at which the pencil ‘ . . . appears to be unbalanced.’ For a typical pencil (m = 0.01 kg, L = 0.2 m), setting θ = 0.1 results in a maximum balancing time of ∼3 s. One author makes the statement that the ‘ . . . smallness of this answer is quite su ...
Quantum Chaos and Quantum Information
... computation [13, 14, 15]. We shall write a simple small set of universal gates, such as Hadamard gate, Pauli gates, as examples of one-qubit gates, and controlled not gate as an example of two qubit gate. Then we shall outline some examples of efficient quantum algorithms which process certain tasks ...
... computation [13, 14, 15]. We shall write a simple small set of universal gates, such as Hadamard gate, Pauli gates, as examples of one-qubit gates, and controlled not gate as an example of two qubit gate. Then we shall outline some examples of efficient quantum algorithms which process certain tasks ...
A Technology-Independent Model for Nanoscale Logic Devices
... • Tg – Avg. generalized temperature for ops. in the coding subsystem. • Elb – Energy per amt. of coding-state info. representing 1 logical bit. • tlbop – Elapsed time for carrying out one logical bit-operation (transition of a logical bit-system). • td – Avg. time btw. decoherence events per bit in ...
... • Tg – Avg. generalized temperature for ops. in the coding subsystem. • Elb – Energy per amt. of coding-state info. representing 1 logical bit. • tlbop – Elapsed time for carrying out one logical bit-operation (transition of a logical bit-system). • td – Avg. time btw. decoherence events per bit in ...
The Wigner function and quantum state tomography
... Such an ensemble picture is often used to introduce the inherently uncertain and statistical nature of quantum mechanics and quantum measurement. Despite all its strengths, a Gibbs ensemble cannot replicate all the predictions of quantum mechanics, in particular ones where interference between diffe ...
... Such an ensemble picture is often used to introduce the inherently uncertain and statistical nature of quantum mechanics and quantum measurement. Despite all its strengths, a Gibbs ensemble cannot replicate all the predictions of quantum mechanics, in particular ones where interference between diffe ...
The Classical Lamb Shift: Why Jackson is Wrong!
... classical treatment does not give a result that is better than the nonrelativistic but quantum treatment of Bethe. In other words, why does my covariant classical account not give something closer to the finite result of fully second-quantized and covariant relativistic QED? Here I think the answer ...
... classical treatment does not give a result that is better than the nonrelativistic but quantum treatment of Bethe. In other words, why does my covariant classical account not give something closer to the finite result of fully second-quantized and covariant relativistic QED? Here I think the answer ...
Tonks–Girardeau gas of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice
... weakly interacting Bose-condensed trapped gases, where g ,, 1 (see refs 11, 12). In ref. 13, a tight radial confinement was realized by using two-dimensional (2D) optical lattice potentials to create an array of 1D quantum gases. In later experiments with optical lattices14,15 it has become possible ...
... weakly interacting Bose-condensed trapped gases, where g ,, 1 (see refs 11, 12). In ref. 13, a tight radial confinement was realized by using two-dimensional (2D) optical lattice potentials to create an array of 1D quantum gases. In later experiments with optical lattices14,15 it has become possible ...
7. THE EARLY UNIVERSE These chapters are from the book
... how a perfect fluid, described by an energy–momentum tensor of the type (1.10.2), forms the basis of the so-called Friedmann models. The ideal perfect fluid is, in fact, quite a realistic approximation in many situations. For example, if the mean free path between particle collisions is much less than ...
... how a perfect fluid, described by an energy–momentum tensor of the type (1.10.2), forms the basis of the so-called Friedmann models. The ideal perfect fluid is, in fact, quite a realistic approximation in many situations. For example, if the mean free path between particle collisions is much less than ...
250 K (English version)
... Understand the three laws of motion and apply them in solving problems Understand the concepts of work, energy, power and their interrelationship Develop skills and habits of solving problems in a well reasoned and neat manner A: Measurement: SI Units, Error Analysis, vector and scalar quantit ...
... Understand the three laws of motion and apply them in solving problems Understand the concepts of work, energy, power and their interrelationship Develop skills and habits of solving problems in a well reasoned and neat manner A: Measurement: SI Units, Error Analysis, vector and scalar quantit ...
Infrared and ultraviolet cutoffs of quantum field theory
... to have a modification of Lorentz transformations compatible with the presence of an observer-independent scale of length has been only recently initiated to be explored [13]. In order for the dispersion relation Eq. (5) to be compatible with the very stringent limits on CPT violation [14] it is ne ...
... to have a modification of Lorentz transformations compatible with the presence of an observer-independent scale of length has been only recently initiated to be explored [13]. In order for the dispersion relation Eq. (5) to be compatible with the very stringent limits on CPT violation [14] it is ne ...
QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY: PITFALLS AND ASSETS
... Section II and section III describes the classical cryptography and quantum cryptography .Sections IV, V, talks about the advantages and limitations of quantum cryptography respectively. Section VI gives the conclusion of the paper which is followed by references in sections VII. ...
... Section II and section III describes the classical cryptography and quantum cryptography .Sections IV, V, talks about the advantages and limitations of quantum cryptography respectively. Section VI gives the conclusion of the paper which is followed by references in sections VII. ...
Raman Spectroscopy
... Theory of Raman Scattering: When considering Raman scattering, we can think about the physics in one of two ways: the classical wave interpretation or the quantum particle interpretation. In the classical wave interpretation, light is considered as electromagnetic radiation, which contains an oscil ...
... Theory of Raman Scattering: When considering Raman scattering, we can think about the physics in one of two ways: the classical wave interpretation or the quantum particle interpretation. In the classical wave interpretation, light is considered as electromagnetic radiation, which contains an oscil ...
Models of wave-function collapse
... encounter probabilities. And for good reason: Because the initial state is always exactly specified [including at the start of the measurement process, as in Eq. (8)], unlike in classical probability theory, where probabilities arise because of uncertainty in our knowledge of the initial state of th ...
... encounter probabilities. And for good reason: Because the initial state is always exactly specified [including at the start of the measurement process, as in Eq. (8)], unlike in classical probability theory, where probabilities arise because of uncertainty in our knowledge of the initial state of th ...
Electron shell contributions to gamma
... the γ -ray spectra. This is in agreement with previous findings that the contributions from the inner shells are very small, never exceeding a few per cent [4]. In addition, the wavefunctions (orbitals) of the innermost s and p electrons in heavier noble gas atoms (i.e. Ar and beyond) extend to sign ...
... the γ -ray spectra. This is in agreement with previous findings that the contributions from the inner shells are very small, never exceeding a few per cent [4]. In addition, the wavefunctions (orbitals) of the innermost s and p electrons in heavier noble gas atoms (i.e. Ar and beyond) extend to sign ...