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Bobo-Newton syndrome
Bobo-Newton syndrome

... cytoreductive chemotherapy [39-41], periodontitis [42] or chorioamnionitis [43,44]). In such cases, an intact mucosal epithelium appears to be a critical factor in host defense. Infections due to zoonotic Capnocytophaga appear to occur by a different process. The classic risk factors for severe infe ...
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... The toxin formed by the diphtheria bacteria can also cause inflammation of heart muscle and nerves that can be fatal. Death occurs in 5 5-10% of cases of diphtheria. Sometimes diphtheria can cause small skin sores that form larger ulcers, ulcers, commonly on the legs. This form of diphtheria is more ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... not just the person who touches or handles the animal that is at risk. Anyone who is handling objects that come in contact with the infected animal is also at risk.  Therefore, if fomite transmission exists, you are at risk if you dump the bedding of infected ...
Flu and Cold Guidelines document
Flu and Cold Guidelines document

... your child home until food is tolerated. Children should also stay home until no fever has been present for 24 hours. Recognizing early signs and symptoms and taking preventative measures to adequately care for your child is most beneficial. Many times a child cannot concentrate on classroom activit ...
Bloodborne Pathogens
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... • Within a month or two after exposure to the virus some experience flu-like illness such as: • fever, headache, fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, night sweats, enlarged lymph nodes ...
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Information on Staphylococcal Infections For School

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... are often the main vector. How (if any) is this virus transmission prevented? (Be specific, as many preventions are common to other viral infections) Some ways to prevent the transmission of rabies is by regular vaccinations of pets and getting pre-immunized, avoiding direct contact with wild or unf ...
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... Animals show an age related susceptibility to infection with Cryptosporidium, so the older they are before exposure to the parasite, the less severe the clinical symptoms are likely to be, although they will still become infected and shed infectious oocysts. Following infection calves are known to d ...
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epidemiology of infectious disease
epidemiology of infectious disease

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... TB is a major public health problem throughout the world. According to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Global Report 2009, one-third of the world’s population is estimated to be infected with TB bacteria and at risk of developing the active form of the disease. In 2009, the annual incidence of ...
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Chickenpox



Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV). The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which eventually scab over. It usually starts on the face, chest, and back and then spreads to the rest of the body. Other symptoms may include fever, feeling tired, and headaches. Symptoms usually last five to ten days. Complications may occasionally include pneumonia, inflammation of the brain, or bacterial infections of the skin among others. The disease is often more severe in adults than children. Symptoms begin ten to twenty one days after exposure to the virus.Chickenpox is an airborne disease which spreads easily through the coughs and sneezes of an infected person. It may be spread from one to two days before the rash appears until all lesions have crusted over. It may also spread through contact with the blisters. Those with shingles may spread chickenpox to those who are not immune through contact with the blisters. The disease can usually be diagnosed based on the presenting symptom; however, in unusual cases may be confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of the blister fluid or scabs. Testing for antibodies may be done to determine if a person is or is not immune. People usually only get the disease once.The varicella vaccine has resulted in a decrease in the number of cases and complications from the disease. It protects about 70 to 90 percent of people from disease with a greater benefit for severe disease. Routine immunization of children is recommended in many countries. Immunization within three days of exposure may improve outcomes in children. Treatment of those infected may include calamine lotion to help with itching, keeping the fingernails short to decrease injury from scratching, and the use of paracetamol (acetaminophen) to help with fevers. For those at increased risk of complications antiviral medication such as aciclovir are recommended.Chickenpox occurs in all parts of the world. Before routine immunization the number of cases occurring each year was similar to the number of people born. Since immunization the number of infections in the United States has decreased nearly 90%. In 2013 chickenpox resulted in 7,000 deaths globally – down from 8,900 in 1990. Death occurs in about 1 per 60,000 cases. Chickenpox was not separated from smallpox until the late 19th century. In 1888 its connection to shingles was determined. The first documented use of the term chicken pox was in 1658. Various explanations have been suggested for the use of ""chicken"" in the name, one being the relative mildness of the disease.
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