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Bronchial disease in the dog and cat - Acapulco-Vet
Bronchial disease in the dog and cat - Acapulco-Vet

... Aetiology Kennel cough is an infectious disease where the pathogens can act on their own or in a group. The most commonly isolated agents are Bordetella bronchiseptica, Parainfluenza III, but also canine distemper, canine herpes virus, adenovirus II and reovirus. However more recently Mycoplasma spp ...
ColdZyme® Mouth Spray against common cold
ColdZyme® Mouth Spray against common cold

... The most common route of infection by all cold viruses is that they enter cells in the respiratory tract, where they multiply and can spread and infect new cells. This phase, when the cold virus spreads in the respiratory tract, usually only lasts a few days. Symptoms often remain for a few days lon ...
Health and Safety for Animal Workers
Health and Safety for Animal Workers

... exposure times (five minutes) have resulted in human infection. Rodents develop persistent, asymptomatic infections, and shed the virus in their respiratory secretions, saliva, urine, and feces for many months. Transmission of the infection can also occur by animal bite, or when dried materials cont ...
Infection Control Recommendations for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD
Infection Control Recommendations for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD

... This infection control recommendation of EVD in healthcare settings is prepared in light of the latest situation. This recommendation will be revised accordingly when there is update on the scientific evidence on the virus and associated infections. ...
Case report Triple infection with HIV-1, HTLV
Case report Triple infection with HIV-1, HTLV

... for acid fast bacilli. CD4+ T-cell counts were remarkably high, with repeated values around 1,500 cells/µl. The full blood count yielded a mild microcytic anaemia with a haemoglobin of 10.4 g/dl without further abnormalities. There was no history of opportunistic diseases and his high CD4+ T-cell co ...
Occupational Health
Occupational Health

... exposure times (five minutes) have resulted in human infection. Rodents develop persistent, asymptomatic infections, and shed the virus in their respiratory secretions, saliva, urine, and feces for many months. Transmission of the infection can also occur by animal bite, or when dried materials cont ...
Geographic range of vector-borne infections M. van Vuuren & B.L. Penzhorn
Geographic range of vector-borne infections M. van Vuuren & B.L. Penzhorn

... It is generally accepted that the most important mode of transmission of LSD virus (LSDV) is probably through mechanical transmission of the virus by blood-feeding vectors. Recent studies have shown that ticks such as Amblyomma hebraeum and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus can play a role in the mechani ...
Notifiable Diseases Policy EqIA screening
Notifiable Diseases Policy EqIA screening

... Notification of infectious diseases refers to the legal requirement of Registered Medical Practitioners (RMP) to notify the ‘proper officer’ under the Health Protection (Notification) Regulations 2010 and The Public Health (Control of Disease) Act, 1984. http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2010/uksi_2010065 ...
etiological aspects of gastro-enteritis
etiological aspects of gastro-enteritis

... Here again, the evidence points to the brunt of the infection falling on the intestine, and spreading thence by the lymphatic and portal circulations. The problem of the relationship of 'parenteral infection' to infantile diarrhoea is an important and a difficult one. Tbe observation that infants su ...
Diaper Rash - All Children`s Pediatrics
Diaper Rash - All Children`s Pediatrics

... With proper treatment these rashes are usually better in 3 days. If they do not respond, a yeast infection (Candida) has probably occurred. Suspect this if the rash becomes bright red and raw, covers a large area, and is surrounded by red dots. You will need a special cream for a yeast infection. ...
Jan 19-20 Spatial Diffusion of Disease
Jan 19-20 Spatial Diffusion of Disease

... • Measles is highly contagious with very high attack rates in an unvaccinated population. • It generates, therefore, a very large number of cases over a short period of time to give a distinct epidemic event. • This high attack rate is supported by the many reliable estimates in the literature of th ...
Chapter Thirteen
Chapter Thirteen

... Human papillomavirus infections Shingles ...
the spotty book - Pinhoe Pre
the spotty book - Pinhoe Pre

... Children are offered protection against many of the childhood diseases through the vaccination programme (see schedule below). Booster doses are given before school entry. However, it is always worthwhile for the school health service to check that all appropriate doses of vaccine have been given an ...
The Practice of Clinical Virology: Virus Taxonomy
The Practice of Clinical Virology: Virus Taxonomy

... German measles or rubella This was called German measles as a German physician wrote a clear clinical description of its presentation in 1760 [17]. It is responsible for the clinical congenital rubella syndrome but the usual clinical presentation in older children and adults is mild, when compared t ...
Measles info sheet 29062016
Measles info sheet 29062016

... into contact with a person with measles, immunisation can prevent you becoming infected. If it is more than 3 days and less than 7 days since you came into contact with a person infected with measles, an injection called immunoglobulin can protect you. Immunoglobulin contains antibodies against the ...
Infectious Bronchitis in Parent Stock
Infectious Bronchitis in Parent Stock

... up to 50-60 days, and in fecal material it can stay alive for up to 100 days. The virus is sensitive to commonly used disinfectants, but for disinfectants to be effective all organic material, especially feces, should be removed from the houses during clean out. Disinfectants should be used at the s ...
Understanding infectious disease
Understanding infectious disease

... called an ‘endemic infection’ or ‘endemic disease’. Common examples of primary pathogens that can cause endemic disease in a herd include bacteria (salmonellae, leptospirae, Johne’s disease bacteria) and viruses (IBR and BVD). Several endemic diseases can be present in a herd at the same time. Some ...
Sophie - EAMA
Sophie - EAMA

... Prevention with vaccination is efficient Administration of the treatment remains difficult • Specific directive treat or confort treatment should decided, tailored to each individual and clinical situation ...
Foot and Mouth Disease Information Leaflet for Farmers
Foot and Mouth Disease Information Leaflet for Farmers

... l If your farm is in a high-risk area, you may be advised to do this on a daily basis. l This should be done in good light with the animals properly restrained. l The mouths, snouts and feet should be checked for blisters, which may be ruptured, or open sores. l Keep in mind the clinical sig ...
Emerging Infectious Diseases at the Beginning of the 21st Century
Emerging Infectious Diseases at the Beginning of the 21st Century

... significant appearance, particularly in the 21st century, are reviewed, including: Ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic fevers, human monkeypox, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), West Nile virus, and avian influenza. Focused attention to EIDs began in the lat ...
Tuberculosis update for Travelers
Tuberculosis update for Travelers

... If you have not already been contacted by the public health authorities in your country it probably means you were not seated near the infected person. However, as a precaution you could contact the public health authorities in your country or region. If you do not know who these authorities are, co ...
Risk Group and Biosafety Level Containment
Risk Group and Biosafety Level Containment

... in healthy adult humans. (Low risk) ...
The Stages of HIV Disease August 22, 2008 • HIV Is a Continuum
The Stages of HIV Disease August 22, 2008 • HIV Is a Continuum

Top Ten Deficiencies Handouts
Top Ten Deficiencies Handouts

... residents or their food, if direct contact will transmit the disease • The facility must require staff to wash their hands after each direct resident contact for which handwashing is indicated by accepted professional practice • Personnel must handle, store, process and transport lines so as to prev ...
Infections of the Respiratory System
Infections of the Respiratory System

... Mycobacterium tuberculosis but are resistant to the disease • Only about 5% of infected people actually develop a clinical case of TB • Untreated TB progresses slowly • Clinical TB is divided into primary tuberculosis, secondary tuberculosis, and disseminated tuberculosis ...
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Chickenpox



Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV). The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which eventually scab over. It usually starts on the face, chest, and back and then spreads to the rest of the body. Other symptoms may include fever, feeling tired, and headaches. Symptoms usually last five to ten days. Complications may occasionally include pneumonia, inflammation of the brain, or bacterial infections of the skin among others. The disease is often more severe in adults than children. Symptoms begin ten to twenty one days after exposure to the virus.Chickenpox is an airborne disease which spreads easily through the coughs and sneezes of an infected person. It may be spread from one to two days before the rash appears until all lesions have crusted over. It may also spread through contact with the blisters. Those with shingles may spread chickenpox to those who are not immune through contact with the blisters. The disease can usually be diagnosed based on the presenting symptom; however, in unusual cases may be confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of the blister fluid or scabs. Testing for antibodies may be done to determine if a person is or is not immune. People usually only get the disease once.The varicella vaccine has resulted in a decrease in the number of cases and complications from the disease. It protects about 70 to 90 percent of people from disease with a greater benefit for severe disease. Routine immunization of children is recommended in many countries. Immunization within three days of exposure may improve outcomes in children. Treatment of those infected may include calamine lotion to help with itching, keeping the fingernails short to decrease injury from scratching, and the use of paracetamol (acetaminophen) to help with fevers. For those at increased risk of complications antiviral medication such as aciclovir are recommended.Chickenpox occurs in all parts of the world. Before routine immunization the number of cases occurring each year was similar to the number of people born. Since immunization the number of infections in the United States has decreased nearly 90%. In 2013 chickenpox resulted in 7,000 deaths globally – down from 8,900 in 1990. Death occurs in about 1 per 60,000 cases. Chickenpox was not separated from smallpox until the late 19th century. In 1888 its connection to shingles was determined. The first documented use of the term chicken pox was in 1658. Various explanations have been suggested for the use of ""chicken"" in the name, one being the relative mildness of the disease.
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