Hepatitis B: Questions and Answers
... Hepatitis B vaccine, usually a three-dose series, is recommended for all children 0 through 18 years of age. It is recommended for infants beginning at birth in the hospital. All older children who did not get all the recommended doses of hepatitis B vaccine as an infant should complete their vaccin ...
... Hepatitis B vaccine, usually a three-dose series, is recommended for all children 0 through 18 years of age. It is recommended for infants beginning at birth in the hospital. All older children who did not get all the recommended doses of hepatitis B vaccine as an infant should complete their vaccin ...
Development of Point-of-Care Testing for Disaster
... Africa in 1990, indicating the invasion of HIV into TB-endemic area, which accounts for much of the rise of AIDS/TB in South Africa (Mee et al. 2014). Also drugresistant TB emerged from this region can spread into other countries and became a challenge to international health (Cooke et al. 2011). We ...
... Africa in 1990, indicating the invasion of HIV into TB-endemic area, which accounts for much of the rise of AIDS/TB in South Africa (Mee et al. 2014). Also drugresistant TB emerged from this region can spread into other countries and became a challenge to international health (Cooke et al. 2011). We ...
infection prevention and control reference tool
... Immunocompromised: The state of a person who has a deficiency in the body’s normal defense mechanism that makes him/her more susceptible to infections. Infection: The entry and multiplication of an infectious agent in the tissues of the host. Asymptomatic or subclinical infection is an infectious pr ...
... Immunocompromised: The state of a person who has a deficiency in the body’s normal defense mechanism that makes him/her more susceptible to infections. Infection: The entry and multiplication of an infectious agent in the tissues of the host. Asymptomatic or subclinical infection is an infectious pr ...
Role of Immigrants and Migrants in Emerging Infectious Diseases
... April 2004 was interrupted several times by outbreaks of varicella, measles, o’nyongnyong fever, and rubella.15 During this period, 16 cases of varicella were imported into four states and an infant who had congenital rubella infection was born to a mother who had asymptomatic infection.16 Experts i ...
... April 2004 was interrupted several times by outbreaks of varicella, measles, o’nyongnyong fever, and rubella.15 During this period, 16 cases of varicella were imported into four states and an infant who had congenital rubella infection was born to a mother who had asymptomatic infection.16 Experts i ...
infection prevention and control reference tool
... Immunocompromised: The state of a person who has a deficiency in the body’s normal defense mechanism that makes him/her more susceptible to infections. Infection: The entry and multiplication of an infectious agent in the tissues of the host. Asymptomatic or subclinical infection is an infectious pr ...
... Immunocompromised: The state of a person who has a deficiency in the body’s normal defense mechanism that makes him/her more susceptible to infections. Infection: The entry and multiplication of an infectious agent in the tissues of the host. Asymptomatic or subclinical infection is an infectious pr ...
Feline Panleukopenia Vaccine
... tor to determine when revaccination may be needed.1,2 For other diseases, a serological response has not been identified that correlates with protection. Practical knowledge of the disease, the vaccine and the patient, along with serologic test results when appropriate, is paramount in making the be ...
... tor to determine when revaccination may be needed.1,2 For other diseases, a serological response has not been identified that correlates with protection. Practical knowledge of the disease, the vaccine and the patient, along with serologic test results when appropriate, is paramount in making the be ...
Infectious Disease
... 1. Definition and brief introduction; 2. Etiology: hantaviruses; genome and structural proteins; morphology; typing and biology; physical and chemical properties; 3. Epidemiology: source of infection; routes of infection; susceptible population; 4. Epidemiologic feature: geographic distribution, epi ...
... 1. Definition and brief introduction; 2. Etiology: hantaviruses; genome and structural proteins; morphology; typing and biology; physical and chemical properties; 3. Epidemiology: source of infection; routes of infection; susceptible population; 4. Epidemiologic feature: geographic distribution, epi ...
The Case for Childhood Immunization
... approximately three million people each year. Immunization also prevents many more millions from suffering debilitating illness and lifelong disability. It is no wonder that many people feel that widespread access to lifesaving vaccines is one of the greatest public health achievements of all time. ...
... approximately three million people each year. Immunization also prevents many more millions from suffering debilitating illness and lifelong disability. It is no wonder that many people feel that widespread access to lifesaving vaccines is one of the greatest public health achievements of all time. ...
the armed forces research institute of medical sciences: five
... spinal fluid reflected infection of the brain (Burke et al, 1985a). Serodiagnostics were complemented by descriptions of the immunopathology caused by JE virus in the brains of humans (Johnson et al, 1985). The development of specific serologic assays made possible the diagnosis of subclinical infec ...
... spinal fluid reflected infection of the brain (Burke et al, 1985a). Serodiagnostics were complemented by descriptions of the immunopathology caused by JE virus in the brains of humans (Johnson et al, 1985). The development of specific serologic assays made possible the diagnosis of subclinical infec ...
13. HIV-1 infection - Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
... from complete absence of symptoms to severe acute illness involving fever, malaise, rash, and encephalitis and lasting as long as 2 weeks. Only a third of HIV-infected patients exhibit symptoms of acute retroviral syndrome, defined as a mononucleosis-like illness with fever for longer than 3 days th ...
... from complete absence of symptoms to severe acute illness involving fever, malaise, rash, and encephalitis and lasting as long as 2 weeks. Only a third of HIV-infected patients exhibit symptoms of acute retroviral syndrome, defined as a mononucleosis-like illness with fever for longer than 3 days th ...
35. Acute Respiratory Tract Infections
... lasting less than two weeks. It is very common in babies and young children, but is rarely seen in adults. Studying this section will help you to prescribe the necessary treatments to a child with AOM, and know when to make a referral of more complicated or persistent cases for further investigation ...
... lasting less than two weeks. It is very common in babies and young children, but is rarely seen in adults. Studying this section will help you to prescribe the necessary treatments to a child with AOM, and know when to make a referral of more complicated or persistent cases for further investigation ...
Skin Lecture 3
... Photosensitization in cattle; note only white areas affected. There is enough pigment in the colored hair to absorb / block the light and prevent activating the photodynamic agents. ...
... Photosensitization in cattle; note only white areas affected. There is enough pigment in the colored hair to absorb / block the light and prevent activating the photodynamic agents. ...
Epidemiology and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis A to E:
... Smallpox: effective vaccine; this is the only viral disease that has been wiped out worldwide Measles: effective vaccine since 1963; this disease could be eliminated with a world-wide effort Influenza: effective strain-specific vaccine, but new variant strains emerge periodically Polio: effective va ...
... Smallpox: effective vaccine; this is the only viral disease that has been wiped out worldwide Measles: effective vaccine since 1963; this disease could be eliminated with a world-wide effort Influenza: effective strain-specific vaccine, but new variant strains emerge periodically Polio: effective va ...
this PDF file - Slovenian Veterinary Research
... H120 strain (15, 16). Therefore, it is very important to understand the effects of this virus on broilers. Replication of IBV occurs in the ciliated epithelium and mucous cells within 24 hr after intratracheal or aerosol inoculation, and viral particles are confined to small vacuoles of cytoplasm (1 ...
... H120 strain (15, 16). Therefore, it is very important to understand the effects of this virus on broilers. Replication of IBV occurs in the ciliated epithelium and mucous cells within 24 hr after intratracheal or aerosol inoculation, and viral particles are confined to small vacuoles of cytoplasm (1 ...
Addendum to Latent Tuberculosis Infection
... tuberculosis infection (LTBI).1 The new regimen combines isoniazid (INH) and rifapentine (RPT) and is given in 12 once‐weekly doses using directly observed therapy (DOT). This regimen must be provided via DOT because missed doses, altered dosing intervals or amounts, or incomplete treatment could ...
... tuberculosis infection (LTBI).1 The new regimen combines isoniazid (INH) and rifapentine (RPT) and is given in 12 once‐weekly doses using directly observed therapy (DOT). This regimen must be provided via DOT because missed doses, altered dosing intervals or amounts, or incomplete treatment could ...
Slide 1
... Community-wide outbreaks of communicable diseases present many of the same types of issues as hospital infection disease threats Understand the epidemiology Know how it is transmitted and the clinical course of the disease in order to manage the outbreak ...
... Community-wide outbreaks of communicable diseases present many of the same types of issues as hospital infection disease threats Understand the epidemiology Know how it is transmitted and the clinical course of the disease in order to manage the outbreak ...
viral hemorrhagic fever
... Effective therapies and prophylaxis are extremely limited for VHF; therefore, early detection and strict adherence to infection control measures are essential. The Working Group for Civilian Biodefense considers some hemorrhagic fever viruses to pose a more serious threat as potential biological wea ...
... Effective therapies and prophylaxis are extremely limited for VHF; therefore, early detection and strict adherence to infection control measures are essential. The Working Group for Civilian Biodefense considers some hemorrhagic fever viruses to pose a more serious threat as potential biological wea ...
MRSA: Antibiotic-resistant “Staph” Skin Infections
... Staph bacteria are often found in the noses and on the skin of people. Most of the time staph carried in the nose or on the skin does not cause infection and when it does, it usually causes minor infections, such as boils or abscesses. However, sometimes staph can cause more serious infections such ...
... Staph bacteria are often found in the noses and on the skin of people. Most of the time staph carried in the nose or on the skin does not cause infection and when it does, it usually causes minor infections, such as boils or abscesses. However, sometimes staph can cause more serious infections such ...
Potential Reduction of Mortality from Invasive Pneumococcal
... The need to immunize children with Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) is even more urgent. In the case of sickle cell anemia, the most severe form of SCD, the spleen, which makes opsonins that attack encapsulated organisms such as pneumococcus, undergoes a process termed “auto infarction” early in life. The B ...
... The need to immunize children with Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) is even more urgent. In the case of sickle cell anemia, the most severe form of SCD, the spleen, which makes opsonins that attack encapsulated organisms such as pneumococcus, undergoes a process termed “auto infarction” early in life. The B ...
lupus ppt for website
... Related systemic autoimmune diseases with overlapping findings: -> Rheumatoid arthritis (mainly restricted to joints, distinguished by presence of RFs) -> Sjogren’s symdrome (mainly restricted to salivary and lacrimal glands) -> Schleroderma (mainly restricted to skin) ...
... Related systemic autoimmune diseases with overlapping findings: -> Rheumatoid arthritis (mainly restricted to joints, distinguished by presence of RFs) -> Sjogren’s symdrome (mainly restricted to salivary and lacrimal glands) -> Schleroderma (mainly restricted to skin) ...
Chronic Sinus Disease
... • The ethmoid and maxillary sinuses are present at birth. The frontal sinus develops during the 2nd year of life and the sphenoid sinus develops during the 3rd year. ...
... • The ethmoid and maxillary sinuses are present at birth. The frontal sinus develops during the 2nd year of life and the sphenoid sinus develops during the 3rd year. ...
dengue hemorrhagic fever - DLSU-D
... weeks to months of feeling tired and/or depressed. Others develop severe bleeding problems. This complication, dengue hemorrhagic fever, is a very serious illness which can lead to shock (very low blood pressure) and is sometimes fatal, especially in children and young adults. Other complications ar ...
... weeks to months of feeling tired and/or depressed. Others develop severe bleeding problems. This complication, dengue hemorrhagic fever, is a very serious illness which can lead to shock (very low blood pressure) and is sometimes fatal, especially in children and young adults. Other complications ar ...
Monocyte Activation by Interferon α Is Associated With Failure to
... From: Monocyte Activation by Interferon α Is Associated With Failure to Achieve a Sustained Virologic Response After Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection J Infect Dis. 2013;209(10):1602-1612. doi:10.1093/infdis/jit801 J Infect Dis | © The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on be ...
... From: Monocyte Activation by Interferon α Is Associated With Failure to Achieve a Sustained Virologic Response After Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection J Infect Dis. 2013;209(10):1602-1612. doi:10.1093/infdis/jit801 J Infect Dis | © The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on be ...
Coronavirus Strain (MERS-CoV) - Emergency Nurses Association
... pain, dizziness, and sputum production.18 Some of the reported laboratory findings include leukopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels.18 Patients who required ICU admission often presented with a history of fever and upper respiratory tract illness progressi ...
... pain, dizziness, and sputum production.18 Some of the reported laboratory findings include leukopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels.18 Patients who required ICU admission often presented with a history of fever and upper respiratory tract illness progressi ...
Chickenpox
Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV). The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which eventually scab over. It usually starts on the face, chest, and back and then spreads to the rest of the body. Other symptoms may include fever, feeling tired, and headaches. Symptoms usually last five to ten days. Complications may occasionally include pneumonia, inflammation of the brain, or bacterial infections of the skin among others. The disease is often more severe in adults than children. Symptoms begin ten to twenty one days after exposure to the virus.Chickenpox is an airborne disease which spreads easily through the coughs and sneezes of an infected person. It may be spread from one to two days before the rash appears until all lesions have crusted over. It may also spread through contact with the blisters. Those with shingles may spread chickenpox to those who are not immune through contact with the blisters. The disease can usually be diagnosed based on the presenting symptom; however, in unusual cases may be confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of the blister fluid or scabs. Testing for antibodies may be done to determine if a person is or is not immune. People usually only get the disease once.The varicella vaccine has resulted in a decrease in the number of cases and complications from the disease. It protects about 70 to 90 percent of people from disease with a greater benefit for severe disease. Routine immunization of children is recommended in many countries. Immunization within three days of exposure may improve outcomes in children. Treatment of those infected may include calamine lotion to help with itching, keeping the fingernails short to decrease injury from scratching, and the use of paracetamol (acetaminophen) to help with fevers. For those at increased risk of complications antiviral medication such as aciclovir are recommended.Chickenpox occurs in all parts of the world. Before routine immunization the number of cases occurring each year was similar to the number of people born. Since immunization the number of infections in the United States has decreased nearly 90%. In 2013 chickenpox resulted in 7,000 deaths globally – down from 8,900 in 1990. Death occurs in about 1 per 60,000 cases. Chickenpox was not separated from smallpox until the late 19th century. In 1888 its connection to shingles was determined. The first documented use of the term chicken pox was in 1658. Various explanations have been suggested for the use of ""chicken"" in the name, one being the relative mildness of the disease.